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Yumei Zhai The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Haiming Fu Department of Clinical Laboratory, Baotou Maternal and Child Health Center, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Yu Li The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Siyuan Li The First Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Wenchen Zhang The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Jianwei Yue The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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Zichao Wang The Second Affiliated Hospital of Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, P.R. China

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. In a cross-sectional study focusing on the association between different IR surrogates and with nonalcoholic fatty liver, TyG-BMI and METS-IR demonstrated the strongest association with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, along with the best predictive

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Yang Yu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Hairong Hao Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Linghui Kong Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Jie Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Feng Bai Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Fei Guo Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Pan Wei Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Rui Chen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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Wen Hu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huai’an Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University and Huai’an Second People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China

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de Borst MH Wolak-Dinsmore J Connelly MA Bakker SJL & Dullaart RPF . Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and risk of incident Type 2 diabetes: role of circulating branched-chain amino acids . Nutrients 2019 11 . ( https://doi.org/10

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Devis Pascut Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Sofia Tamini Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Silvia Bresolin Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Pablo Giraudi Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Giuseppe Basso Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Alessandro Minocci Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Claudio Tiribelli Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Graziano Grugni Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Alessandro Sartorio Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, both in children and adults, has been found in PWS ( 12 , 13 ). In recent years, growing evidences have identified miRNAs as important regulators of cellular pathways. They may affect lipid metabolism ( 14

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Zheng Chen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Haixia Zeng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Qiulan Huang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Cuiping Lin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Xuan Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Shaohua Sun Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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Jian-ping Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

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, diabetes mellitus (DM), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular disease, endometrial lesions, and hypertension during pregnancy ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). The etiology of PCOS is unclear at present, though environmental and genetic factors are

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Peter Wolf Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Yvonne Winhofer Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Martin Krššák Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Michael Krebs Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Canali G Bertoli L Zoppini G Barbieri E Targher G. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with left ventricular dysfunciton in patients with type 2 diabetes . Diabetes Care 2012 35 389 – 395 . ( doi:10.2337/dc11

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Fabian Eichelmann Department of Epidemiology, Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Start-up Lab, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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Cornelia Weikert Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment
Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany

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Romina di Giuseppe Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany

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Ronald Biemann Department for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

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Berend Isermann Department for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

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Matthias B Schulze Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
German Center of Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

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Heiner Boeing Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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Krasimira Aleksandrova Department of Epidemiology, Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Start-up Lab, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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patients with biopsy-proven nonalcoholic fatty liver disease . Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 2011 46 91 – 97 . ( doi:10.3109/00365521.2010.516452 ) 11 Adrych K Stojek M Smoczynski M Sledzinski T Sylwia SW

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Xiaomin Nie Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Yiting Xu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Xiaojing Ma Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Yun Shen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Yufei Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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Yuqian Bao Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease; Shanghai Diabetes Institute; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China

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level of FT3 within the reference range was positively related to BMI and waist circumference ( 5 , 6 ). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common complications of obesity. In recent years, some studies found that a high level

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Julia Otten Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Andreas Stomby Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden

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Maria Waling Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Elin Chorell Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Mats Ryberg Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Michael Svensson Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section for Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden

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Jens Juul Holst NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Tommy Olsson Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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. Already at the study start, hepatic insulin sensitivity was associated with postprandial glucagon levels. Thus, postprandial glucagon secretion seems to be tightly related to hepatic insulin sensitivity ( 30 ). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been

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Katica Bajuk Studen Nuclear Medicine Department, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Marija Pfeifer Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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retrospective longitudinal cohort study in the United Kingdom evaluating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rates in 63,120 women with PCOS and 121,064 age-, BMI- and location-matched control women found that women with PCOS have an increased rate of NAFLD

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Christine Rode Andreasen Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

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Andreas Andersen Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

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Filip Krag Knop Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Tina Vilsbøll Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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diseases Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is highly prevalent in patients with T2D and/or obesity. Currently, there are no FDA-approved treatments for NASH. In a recent phase II trial, patients with

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