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. Such a cluster of endocrine diseases in a single person will eventually raise the suspicion of an underlying genetic mutation. A positive family history will further underline the need for genetic testing. The CDKN1B mutation as a causative factor
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Parelsnoer Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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hormone releasing hormone; HPF, high power fields; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; LH, luteinizing hormone; MEN1, multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NET, neuroendocrine tumor; NSE, neuron-specific enolase; PET
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Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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. ICIs can generate autoimmune-like reactions towards one or multiple organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, skin, and endocrine glands ( 5 ). These AEs are classified as immune-related AEs (irAEs) and their seriousness varies from transient
ELPEN, Inc. Research Institute, Athens, Greece
European University of Cyprus School of Medicine, Nicosia, Cyprus
Medical Genetics, Henry Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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genome-wide association studies that have revealed loci for the determination of endocrine traits such as height, menarche and menopause, and predisposition factors for diabetes and other endocrine diseases, to name just a few. SNP-based algorithms are
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taking into account other professional and political factors such as: The need for the development of UK-wide standards in adult endocrine nursing. The need for professional accreditation of skills and knowledge in practice. The increased focus on work
School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Westmead Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Background The addition of transcription factor immunohistochemistry to pituitary neuroendocrine tumour (PitNET) assessment has resulted in improved detection of tumours arising from different lineages. Most PitNETs demonstrate differentiation
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, 10 , 11 ). The guidelines on the management of PIs by the Endocrine Society date back to 2011 ( 6 ). They recommended complete clinical and biological evaluation of all patients with incidental macroadenomas, and visual evaluation for those whose
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.1016/S1470-2045(07)70410-2 ). 2 Hopfner M Baradari V Huether A Schofl C Scherubl H . The insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 is a promising target for novel treatment approaches in neuroendocrine gastrointestinal tumours . Endocrine
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prognosis in patients with RAI-avid lung metastasis were found ( 16 , 17 ). This study aimed to determine the clinical prognostic factors, including NLR, in RAI-avid lung metastasis cases and to attempt risk classification to identify future cases for TKI
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Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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, vinclozolin. Apart from ER and AR, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is the protein most studied regarding its interaction with ED. This orphan receptor acts as a transcription factor for detoxifying enzymes (43) . Dioxins and some PCB exert their endocrine