Search for other papers by Fiona Broughton Pipkin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hiten D Mistry in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Chandrima Roy in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bernhard Dick in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jason Waugh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rebecca Chikhi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lesia O Kurlak in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Markus G Mohaupt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
feedback control of glucocorticoid maintenance and an association with metabolic syndrome (10, 11) . Little is known about steroid hormone availability and metabolism during the early postpartum period in infants. Fetal exposure to maternal cortisol is
Search for other papers by Ida Staby in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jesper Krogh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marianne Klose in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jonas Baekdal in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lars Poulsgaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jacob Bertram Springborg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Mikkel Andreassen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
avoid an adrenal crisis. There are different ways to examine the adrenal axis pre-surgery, for example, the measurement of random spot plasma cortisol, measurement of cortisol after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation (Synacthen ® -test) or
Search for other papers by Kristin Viste in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Marianne A Grytaas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Melissa D Jørstad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dag E Jøssang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eivind N Høyden in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Solveig S Fotland in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Dag K Jensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Kristian Løvås in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hrafnkell Thordarson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bjørg Almås in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Gunnar Mellgren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, adrenal computed tomography (CT) has sensitivity and specificity at 78% and 72–75% respectively (7, 11) . During AVS, blood samples are drawn from the right and left adrenal veins as well as a peripheral vein. The ratio between cortisol measured in the
Search for other papers by Dafydd Aled Rees in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Deborah P Merke in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Wiebke Arlt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Aude Brac De La Perriere in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Angelica Linden Hirschberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by John Newell-Price in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alessandro Prete in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicole Reisch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nike M Stikkelbroeck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Philippe A Touraine in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alex Lewis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by John Porter in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Helen Coope in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Richard J Ross in
Google Scholar
PubMed
®, Diurnal Ltd, UK). Plenadren is a tablet with an immediate-release outer layer and a sustained-release core, which provides once-daily hydrocortisone replacement but does not replace the physiological overnight rise in cortisol, as cortisol only rises after
Search for other papers by Ramjan Sanas Mohamed in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Biyaser Abuelgasim in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sally Barker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hemanth Prabhudev in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
Search for other papers by Niamh M Martin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
Search for other papers by Karim Meeran in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Emma L Williams in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sarah Darch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Whitlock Matthew in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
Search for other papers by Tricia Tan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Florian Wernig in
Google Scholar
PubMed
for CS including late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC), overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST), low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). A hallmark of CS is the disruption of the
Search for other papers by Trevor Lewis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eva Zeisig in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jamie E Gaida in
Google Scholar
PubMed
). As well as causing dyslipidemia via increased visceral adiposity ( 20 , 23 ), cortisol also affects lipid processing pathways in the liver ( 48 ). These include enhanced lipolysis, altered free fatty acid processing, and hepatic fat accumulation ( 48
Search for other papers by Agnieszka Adamska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vitalii Ulychnyi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Katarzyna Siewko in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anna Popławska-Kita in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Małgorzata Szelachowska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marcin Adamski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Angelika Buczyńska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Search for other papers by Adam Jacek Krętowski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, pheochromocytoma, aldosteronism, or overt cortisol excess due to hyperfunction may be observed in patients with adrenal incidentaloma. It has been shown that cortical adenoma is the most frequent tumour type among adrenal incidentalomas ( 5 ), whereas adrenal
Search for other papers by Ermina Bach in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Niels Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jens Otto L Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mads Buhl in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Holger Jon Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction CD163 is a cortisol-regulated monocyte and macrophage-specific surface glycoprotein and the extracellular portion of CD163 circulates in blood as a soluble protein (sCD163) ( 1 ). sCD163 is highly elevated in acute infections
Search for other papers by Kuang Hung in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bo-Ching Lee in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Po-Ting Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kao-Lang Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
Search for other papers by Chin-Chen Chang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vin-Cent Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yen-Hung Lin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
studies (computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). Adrenalectomy has consequently been established as the treatment of choice for unilateral disease. Recently, there has been a growing focus on a special group with cortisol co
University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
Search for other papers by Marta Araujo-Castro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Miguel Paja Fano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Begoña Pla Peris in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marga González Boillos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eider Pascual-Corrales in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ana María García-Cano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paola Parra Ramírez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Patricia Martín Rojas-Marcos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jorge Gabriel Ruiz-Sanchez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Almudena Vicente in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Emilia Gómez-Hoyos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rui Ferreira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Iñigo García Sanz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mónica Recasens in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rebeca Barahona San Millan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by María José Picón César in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Patricia Díaz Guardiola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Carolina Perdomo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laura Manjón in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rogelio García-Centeno in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Juan Carlos Percovich in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ángel Rebollo Román in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paola Gracia Gimeno in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cristina Robles Lázaro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Manuel Morales in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by María Calatayud in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Simone Andree Furio Collao in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Diego Meneses in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Miguel Antonio Sampedro Nuñez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Verónica Escudero Quesada in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Elena Mena Ribas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alicia Sanmartín Sánchez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cesar Gonzalvo Diaz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Cristina Lamas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Raquel Guerrero-Vázquez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by María del Castillo Tous in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Joaquín Serrano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Theodora Michalopoulou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Eva María Moya Mateo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Felicia Hanzu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to patients with essential hypertension (EHT) ( 2 ). On the other hand, autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) is a well-known condition linked to a detrimental cardiometabolic profile