Alexis Sudlow
Alexis Sudlow
Department of Upper GI Surgery, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Carel W le Roux
Carel W le Roux
Department of Experimental Pathology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Dimitri J Pournaras
Dimitri J Pournaras
Department of Upper GI Surgery, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
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Introduction The early concept of surgical intervention to mediate weight loss in patients suffering from obesity stemmed from the observation of the substantial and often problematic weight loss following gastrointestinal surgery for cancer
Huiyuan Zhai
Huiyuan Zhai
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Dongxu Wang
Dongxu Wang
Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yong Wang
Yong Wang
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Hongwei Gu
Hongwei Gu
Central Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Juan Jv
Juan Jv
Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Liangliang Yuan
Liangliang Yuan
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Chao Wang
Chao Wang
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Leiyao Chen
Leiyao Chen
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Introduction Obesity is commonly linked to an elevated prevalence of morbidity and mortality in individuals with metabolic syndrome, encompassing type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Individuals with obesity
Mei Li
Mei Li
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Yanfei Chen
Yanfei Chen
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Binrong Liao
Binrong Liao
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Jing Tang
Jing Tang
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Jingzi Zhong
Jingzi Zhong
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Dan Lan
Dan Lan
Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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exhibit sexual dimorphism in adults, are increased in obese prepubertal girls and do not suffer modifications in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty . Peptides 2011 32 1781 – 1786 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.peptides.2011.07.016 ) 27 Zhou
Sarah Christine Sentis
Sarah Christine Sentis
Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Rebecca Oelkrug
Rebecca Oelkrug
Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Jens Mittag
Jens Mittag
Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Introduction The maintenance of body temperature according to a central set point is crucial for several physiological processes and largely regulated by balancing heat production as well as heat dissipation. Particularly the latter process is
Yunting Lin
Yunting Lin
Department of Surgical Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Endi Song
Endi Song
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Han Jin
Han Jin
Department of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Yong Jin
Yong Jin
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Introduction The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among obese individuals has steadily increased over the past few decades, emerging as a global public health issue ( 1 ). Arteriosclerosis is an essential predictor of CVD events ( 2
Ying Hua
Ying Hua
Department of Administrative Office, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jinqiong Fang
Jinqiong Fang
Department of Administrative Office, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Xiaocong Yao
Xiaocong Yao
Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhongxin Zhu
Zhongxin Zhu
Department of Osteoporosis Care and Control, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Department of Clinical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Department of Clinical Research Center, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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on bone health, more recent research has revealed a positive association between obesity and bone fractures ( 6 ). Waist circumference (WC), which is an easy-to-determine clinical parameter, has been proposed to assess central obesity in
Johanna Christina Penell
Johanna Christina Penell
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Mark M Kushnir
Mark M Kushnir
Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Lars Lind
Lars Lind
Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Jonatan Bergquist
Jonatan Bergquist
Department of Chemistry – BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Jonas Bergquist
Jonas Bergquist
Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
Department of Chemistry – BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Department of Chemistry – BMC, Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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P Monica Lind
P Monica Lind
Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Tord Naessen
Tord Naessen
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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concentrations are presented as median and 2.5 and 97.5 percentiles (i.e. central 95%) by sex and by sex and BMI category (normal weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m 2 ), overweight (25 < BMI ≤ 30 kg/m 2 ) or obese (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 )). Individuals without prevalent
J Van Schaik
J Van Schaik
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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M Burghard
M Burghard
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Exercise Physiology, Child Development & Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Exercise Physiology, Child Development & Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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M H Lequin
M H Lequin
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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E A van Maren
E A van Maren
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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A M van Dijk
A M van Dijk
Department of Dietetics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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T Takken
T Takken
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Exercise Physiology, Child Development & Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Exercise Physiology, Child Development & Exercise Center, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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L B Rehorst-Kleinlugtenbelt
L B Rehorst-Kleinlugtenbelt
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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B Bakker
B Bakker
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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L Meijer
L Meijer
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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E W Hoving
E W Hoving
Division of Neurosurgery, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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M Fiocco
M Fiocco
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Institute of Mathematics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Institute of Mathematics, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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A Y N Schouten-van Meeteren
A Y N Schouten-van Meeteren
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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W J E Tissing
W J E Tissing
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Division of Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Division of Pediatric Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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H M van Santen
H M van Santen
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Division of Pediatric Oncology, Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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, 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). Due to the fact that the hypothalamus plays an essential role in endocrine balance, nutritional habits, and body composition, HD may lead to hypothalamic obesity (HO) ( 5 , 6 ). In children with acquired brain damage, however
Małgorzata Kałużna
Małgorzata Kałużna
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Agnieszka Nomejko
Agnieszka Nomejko
Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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Aleksandra Słowińska
Aleksandra Słowińska
Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Pedagogical and Historical Sciences, University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska
Katarzyna Wachowiak-Ochmańska
Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases Ward, Heliodor Swiecicki University Hospital, Poznan, Poland
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Katarzyna Pikosz
Katarzyna Pikosz
Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Katarzyna Ziemnicka
Katarzyna Ziemnicka
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Marek Ruchała
Marek Ruchała
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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comparison to eumenorrheic controls. The relationship of depressive symptoms, HRQoL, and clinical phenotype of PCOS (clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA), simple and central obesity, insulin resistance (IR), lipid disturbances, metabolic syndrome
Rajae Talbi
Rajae Talbi
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Victor M Navarro
Victor M Navarro
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Hypertension, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Introduction Reproduction is a fundamental function that ensures the perpetuation of the species. As such, reproductive activity is under the regulation of a complex central and peripheral network that forms the hypothalamic
