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Chaiho Jeong Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Bongseong Kim Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Jinyoung Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hansang Baek Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Mee Kyoung Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Tae-Seo Sohn Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Ki-Hyun Baek Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Ki-Ho Song Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hyun-Shik Son Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Kyungdo Han Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hyuk-Sang Kwon Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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,554,830 people aged ≥ 40 years with T2DM underwent a health examination. Patients who had at least one service claim with a diagnosis of T2DM based on ICD-10 (E11–E14) and patients prescribed at least one antidiabetic drug at any time over 1 year were classified

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Xiaomei Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Zhangrong Xu Diabetes Center, Characteristic Medical Center of Strategic Support Force, Beijing, China

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Xingwu Ran Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Linong Ji Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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Chinese with T2DM ( 6 ). Participants with the following conditions were enrolled: (1) aged 50 years or older with a diagnosis of T2DM and at least one of the following risk factors: history of cardiovascular disease or cerebrovascular disease

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A H Ludwig-Slomczynska Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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S Borys Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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M T Seweryn Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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J Hohendorff Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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P Kapusta Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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B Kiec-Wilk Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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E Pitera Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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P P Wolkow Center for Medical Genomics OMICRON, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland

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M T Malecki Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College
University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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pathways and the analysis was performed by Q-PCR methods. Recently, we conducted an analysis in which we characterized transcriptome wide gene expression profile using Illumina microarrays in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and DFU in comparison with

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Dandan Hu D Hu, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Xiangguo Cong X Cong, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, suzhou, China

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Beibei Gao B Gao, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Ying Wu Y Wu, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Qiong Shen Q Shen, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Lei Chen L Chen, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 苏州, 2100000, China

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Background:

Evidence has demonstrated that visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) had different influences on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the visceral fat area (VFA) to subcutaneous fat area (SFA) ratio (V/S) and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in patients with T2DM.

Methods:

From January 2018 to May 2023, 1,838 patients with T2DM admitted to the National Metabolic Management Centre in our hospital were assigned to two groups based on comorbid CAS. Dual bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure the VAF and SFA, and the V/S was calculated. Patient characteristics and serum biochemical indices were compared between groups. Factors influencing comorbid CAS were determined, and correlations between V/S and other clinical indices were analyzed.

Results:

The group with comorbid CAS included 858 individuals and 980 without comorbid CAS. Those with comorbid CAS were older and had a longer disease duration, more significant systolic blood pressure, and greater V/S. The proportions of patients with comorbid hypertension increased significantly with the V/S ratio. The V/S ratio positively correlated with triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and waist circumference. According to binary logistic regression analysis, V/S was an independent risk factor for CAS.

Conclusion:

Elevated V/S is an independent risk factor for CAS in patients with T2DM.

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E N Dudinskaya
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O N Tkacheva
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M V Shestakova National Research Center for Preventive Medicine, Endocrinology Research Centre, Building 10, Petroverigskiy Lane, Moscow 101990, Russian Federation

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N V Brailova
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I D Strazhesko
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D U Akasheva
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O Y Isaykina
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N V Sharashkina
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D A Kashtanova
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S A Boytsov
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, HbA1c levels of 6.5–9.0%, and 45–75 years old. The control group consisted of patients without T2DM and with no clinical CVD. The patients with diabetes and the controls were selected from a larger population-based study (Strazhesko ID, Tkacheva ON

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Qiuyu Huang Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Hanshen Chen Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Fan Xu Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Chao Liu Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China

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Yafeng Wang Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Jinghong, Yunnan Province, China

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Weifeng Tang Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Province, China

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Liangwan Chen Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as a metabolic disease with hyperglycemia and vascular and/or nervous complications. In China, the reported prevalence of T2DM is 11.6% ( 1 ), which appears to have increased in the

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Lars Peter Sørensen
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Tina Parkner Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Esben Søndergaard
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Bo Martin Bibby Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Holger Jon Møller Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Søren Nielsen
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Introduction Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the adverse metabolic consequences of obesity vary between individuals (1) . The mechanisms underlying obesity

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Helga Schultz Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark

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Svend Aage Engelholm Department of Radiation Oncology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Eva Harder Department of Oncology and Palliation, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark

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Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Peter Lommer Kristensen Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark

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and the scheduled radiotherapy. Endpoints The primary endpoint was DM defined as two random plasma glucose measurements ≥11.1 mmol/L. The WHO diagnostic criteria for DM are fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-h plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol

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Feifei Shao Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

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Xinxin Hu Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

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Jiayu Li Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

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Bona Bai Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

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Limin Tian Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China

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(35.5 million, aged ≥60 years) ( 2 ). Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) is a marked risk factor for T2DM, with an estimated 374 million people aged 18–99 years having IGT in 2017, and approximately half of these adults were above the age of 50 years ( 1

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Qiu-ming Yao Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bin Wang Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiao-fei An Department of Endocrinology, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jin-an Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Liumei Ding Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Introduction Diabetes is a public health issue, and there are over 0.4 billion people suffering from diabetes over the world, and its prevalence is still increasing remarkably every year ( 1 ). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the major type

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