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Panagiotis Anagnostis Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

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Irene Lambrinoudaki 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece

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John C Stevenson National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Dimitrios G Goulis Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

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2019 American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association guidelines ( 61 ). Notably, these consider POI as a CVD risk enhancing factor, which necessitates statin therapy in adults 40–75 years without DM and 10-year CVD risk of 7.5–19.9% ( 61

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Xingyao Tang Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University

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Zhi-Hui Song Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Dawei Wang General Practice Department, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Jinkui Yang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Marly Augusto Cardoso Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Jian-Bo Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Rafael Simó Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Diabetes and Metabolism Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain

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hypothyroidism: TSH > 4.50 mU/L, FT4 10.3–25.7 pmol/L 0.45–4.5 Baseline TSH was not related to the risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, but high TSH was associated with an increased risk of vascular dementia. 7 Study Year Country Sample size

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Shih-Rong Lin Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

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Shih-Fen Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan

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Yu-Cih Yang Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan

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Chung-Y Hsu Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan

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Yu-Chih Shen Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
Department of Psychiatry, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan

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risk of developing PD ( 5 ). Another nationwide case-control study in Denmark that retrospectively followed 13,695 patients with PD has reported twice the risk of developing PD in patients with a prior diagnosis of Graves’ disease/hyperthyroidism ( 6

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Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiązania Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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Mari Minasyan Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland

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being provoked by surgery ranging from 1.5% to 2.9%, as estimated in a meta-analysis by Zaane et al . ( 16 ), and even higher prevalence in original studies, ranging from 7% ( 11 ) to 9% ( 17 ). Studies regarding risk factors that predispose to VTE are

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Nikolaos Kyriakakis Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Marilena Giannoudi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Satish S Kumar Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Khyatisha Seejore Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Georgios K Dimitriadis Department of Endocrinology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Harpal Randeva Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK

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Adam Glaser Pediatric Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK

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Michelle Kwok-Williams Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Georgina Gerrard Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Carmel Loughrey Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ahmed Al-Qaissi Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Ramzi Ajjan Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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Julie Lynch Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

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malignant brain tumours before the age of 15 years ( 1 ). Not dissimilar outcomes are observed in teenage and young adults (15–40 years), in whom 5-year survival approaches 68%. In contrast, considerably lower 5-year survival rates of up to 20% are observed

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Hauke Thomsen Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
GeneWerk GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany

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Xinjun Li Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Kristina Sundquist Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health, Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan

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Jan Sundquist Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Departments of Family Medicine and Community Health, Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
Center for Community-based Healthcare Research and Education (CoHRE), Department of Functional Pathology, School of Medicine, Shimane University, Shimane, Japan

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Asta Försti Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Hopp Children’s Cancer Center (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany

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Kari Hemminki Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic

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’ disease, celiac disease and type 1 diabetes ( 12 , 13 ). The HLA locus was for a long time the only significant genetic risk factor for AD, as it was for many other AIDs; the HLA DQ/DR regions regulate the antigen presentation to the T-cell receptor ( 5

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Chao-bin He Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Yu Zhang State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

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Zhi-yuan Cai Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Xiao-jun Lin Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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, 1–139 months). There were 1469 patient deaths during the follow-up period: 1398 cancer-specific mortality and 71 competing mortality. In the whole study cohort, 1-, 2- and 3-year OS and CSS were 51.5, 37.1 and 29.4% and 53.0, 38.9 and 31

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Ruth Therese Casey Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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Deborah Saunders East Anglian Regional Radiation Protection Service, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Benjamin George Challis Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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Deborah Pitfield Department of Endocrinology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK

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Heok Cheow Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Ashley Shaw Department of Radiology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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Helen Lisa Simpson Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic, Institute of Metabolic Science, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK

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retrospective analysis of 43 patients with MEN1 to determine the amount of ionising radiation exposure during radiological surveillance over an 8-year period and sought to calculate an estimated risk for developing secondary malignancy on the basis of the

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Ekaterina Koledova Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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George Stoyanov Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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Leroy Ovbude Business & Decision Life Sciences, Brussels, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium

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Peter S W Davies Children’s Nutrition Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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outcomes and intervene as appropriate. The easypod connect observational study (ECOS) was a 5-year investigation to assess treatment adherence among paediatric patients receiving GH via the easypod device. Secondary objectives included investigation of

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Andrea Mazurat Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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Andrea Torroni Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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Jane Hendrickson-Rebizant Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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Harbinder Benning Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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Richard W Nason Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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K Alok Pathak Section of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, GF440 A, 820 Sherbrook Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3A 1R9

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, and the presence of distant metastases (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) . The age at diagnosis, in particular, is considered to be a strong prognostic indicator of WDTC outcome and has been consistently included in the majority of risk stratification systems currently

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