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Shuang Wan Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Department of Endocrinology, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China

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Chengcheng Zheng Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Tao Chen Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Lu Tan Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Jia Tang Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Haoming Tian Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Yan Ren Adrenal Center, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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higher prevalence of cardiovascular diseases than those with primary hypertension (PH), including cerebrovascular events, coronary artery disease, and arrhythmias, which are due not only to high blood pressure but also to damage that hyperaldosteronism

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Andrea V Haas Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Paul N Hopkins Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

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Nancy J Brown Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

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Luminita H Pojoga Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Jonathan S Williams Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Gail K Adler Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Gordon H Williams Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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laboratory assessment. Subjects completed the protocol after a 7-day isocaloric high-salt diet (>200 mEq Na/day). On the final evening of the diet week, subjects were admitted to the Clinical Research Center at their respective study site. Blood pressure and

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Xiaomei Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

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Zhangrong Xu Diabetes Center, Characteristic Medical Center of Strategic Support Force, Beijing, China

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Xingwu Ran Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

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Linong Ji Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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outpatients with T2DM were consecutively enrolled from 30 hospitals between June 2016 and January 2017. We excluded 2368 participants due to missing data of smoking, weight, height, blood pressure, LDL-C, or serum creatinine in this study, leaving 8313

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Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nicole G Jaff Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Shane A Norris SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

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Marketa Toman Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nigel J Crowther Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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and waist circumference was less than 1%. BMI was calculated. Blood pressure was recorded on the left arm while the participant was seated using a digital reader (Omron M6; Omron, Kyoto, Japan) and appropriate cuffs. Three readings were taken with a 2

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Ahmet Uçar
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Nurçin Saka
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Firdevs Baş
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Nihal Hatipoğlu Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Pediatric Endocrine Unit, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey

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Rüveyde Bundak
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Feyza Darendeliler
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) . Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) measurements were based on the average of three repeated readings using a standard sphygmomanometer and their SDS values were calculated (20) . Skeletal maturation was assessed by senior

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Marcus Quinkler Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany

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Bertil Ekman Departments of Endocrinology and Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

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Claudio Marelli Shire International GmbH, Zug, Switzerland

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Sharif Uddin Shire, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA

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Pierre Zelissen Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK

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on behalf of the EU-AIR Investigators
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.85 (±1.27) Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) 130 ± 18 Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) 78 ± 9 Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia were excluded. Data show mean (± s.d. ) unless otherwise indicated. EU

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Xia Wu Department of Endocrinology, Jing’an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai (Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing’an Branch), Shanghai, China

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Zhiling Li Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Wenjiang Sun Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai General Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

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Huan Zheng Department of Cardiology, Worldpath Clinic International, Shanghai, China

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collection Clinical data including medical history (hypertension is defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg at repeated measurement according to 2007 American Heart Association Criteria ( 22

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Charlotte Höybye Patient Area Endocrinology and Nephrology, Infection and Inflammation Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Laia Faseh Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Christos Himonakos Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Medicine, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden

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Tomasz Pielak NUTOPI Sp. z o. o., Poznan, Poland

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Jesper Eugen-Olsen Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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, BMI, waist circumference, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, HbA1C, total, LDL and HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, IGF-I, concomitant medication, clinical events and co-morbidities were retrieved from the databases and the patients

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Xiying Zeng The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Yinxiang Huang Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Mulin Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Yun Chen The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Jiawen Ye The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Yan Han School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Danyan Ma School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Xin Zheng Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Xiaohong Yan Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Changqin Liu The Third Clinical Medical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Diabetes Translational Medicine, Xiamen, China

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participants received sociodemographic questionnaires and physical examination (height, weight, blood pressure, WC, and hip circumferences (HC)) by a well-trained researcher using standardized protocols. Demographics included age, smoking, alcohol consumption

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A Al-Sharefi Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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P Perros Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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R A James Department of Endocrinology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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information regarding the details of presentation and/or presence of cardiovascular complications for each patient; however, we noticed a significant number of patients who presented in atypical way. This suggests that in addition to blood pressure status

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