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Caiyan Mo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Tao Tong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Ying Guo Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Zheng Li Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Liyong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Introduction Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is due to the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) by pituitary adenomas, which stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and the long

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0439
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 4
Open access
Monika Bilic Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Huma Qamar Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Akpevwe Onoyovwi Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Jill Korsiak Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Eszter Papp Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Abdullah Al Mahmud Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, icddr,b, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Rosanna Weksberg Genetics and Genome Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Alison D Gernand Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA

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Jennifer Harrington Division of Endocrinology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada

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Daniel E Roth Centre for Global Child Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada

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Introduction Fetal growth restriction (FGR) has been linked to various negative health outcomes, including increased infectious disease susceptibility and increased infant mortality ( 1 ). Although the prevalence of FGR worldwide is decreasing

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0123
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Alexander A L Jorge Unidade de Endocrinologia-Genetica, LIM/25, Disciplina de Endocrinologia da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo (FMUSP), Sao Paulo, Brazil

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Thomas Edouard Endocrine, Bone Diseases, and Genetics Unit, Children’s Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, RESTORE INSERM UMR1301, Toulouse, France

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Mohamad Maghnie Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy

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Alberto Pietropoli Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Global Medical Affairs Biopharm, Zürich, Switzerland

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Nicky Kelepouris Novo Nordisk Inc., Clinical, Medical and Regulatory Biopharm-RED, Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Alicia Romano Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA

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Martin Zenker Institute of Human Genetics & Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

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Reiko Horikawa Department of Endocrine and Metabolism, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

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typically have a birth weight and length within the normal range, patients often suffer postnatal growth failure within the first years of life, and approximately 60–70% of children with NS are subsequently affected by short stature ( 1 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). In

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0615
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 4
Open access
M Krause Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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H Frederiksen Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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K Sundberg Center of Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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F S Jørgensen Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

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L N Jensen Center of Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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P Nørgaard Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

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C Jørgensen Center of Fetal Medicine and Pregnancy, Department of Obstetrics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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P Ertberg Fetal Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre, Denmark

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J H Petersen Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Section of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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U Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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A Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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K T Drzewiecki Department of Plastic Surgery, Breast Surgery and Burns Treatment, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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N E Skakkebaek Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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A M Andersson Department of Growth and Reproduction & International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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maternal urine and 4-HBP in maternal serum) to maternal serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and growth factors and also to birth outcomes. Materials and methods Study population and materials The study population consisted of participants

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0375
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 2
Open access
Mette Marie Baunsgaard Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Louise Tram Henriksen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Torben Stamm Mikkelsen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Michael Callesen Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Funen, Denmark

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Britta Weber The Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Henrik Hasle Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Niels Birkebæk Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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physical chronic late effects ( 15 ) with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) being the most common endocrinopathy ( 16 ) followed by thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency ( 17 ). CR is the most significant risk factor for the development of GHD ( 18

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0365
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Anastasia Ibba SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Francesca Corrias SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Chiara Guzzetti SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Letizia Casula SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Mariacarolina Salerno Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy

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Natascia di Iorgi Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Gianluca Tornese SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Clinica Pediatrica, IRCCS Materno-infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy

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Giuseppa Patti Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Giorgio Radetti Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ospedale Generale Regionale, Bolzano, Italy

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Mohamad Maghnie Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Marco Cappa UOC di Endocrinologia, Dipartimento Universitario Ospedaliero, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy

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Sandro Loche SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Introduction The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in childhood and adolescence is based on auxological, biochemical, neuro-radiological, and genetic investigations. Since GH production is pulsatile, its secretion needs to be

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology Collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0347
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 11
Open access
Shenglong Le Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

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Leiting Xu Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

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Moritz Schumann Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Na Wu Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

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Timo Törmäkangas Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland

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Markku Alén Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

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Sulin Cheng Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Petri Wiklund Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

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, 14 ). Briefly, 396 girls were recruited from local schools in the city of Jyväskylä and its surroundings in Central Finland to participate in a longitudinal study of determinants of body composition during pubertal growth (the Calex study). Girls in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0044
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 5
Open access
Alicia Romano Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA

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Juan Pablo Kaski Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital & UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science, London, UK

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Jovanna Dahlgren Department of Paediatrics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Nicky Kelepouris US Medical Affairs, Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Alberto Pietropoli Global Medical Affairs, Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Zurich, Switzerland

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Tilman R Rohrer Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children’s Hospital, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg, Germany

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Michel Polak Paediatric Endocrinology, Diabetology and Gynaecology Department, Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France

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stenosis (PVS; prevalence 50–60%), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM; 20%) and atrial septal defects (6–10%) ( 1 ). Growth hormone (GH) treatment in patients with NS improves height velocity, height standard deviation score (SDS) and adult height, with a

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Cardiovascular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0549
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 1
Open access
Thomas Reinehr Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Children’s Hospital, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany

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Martin Carlsson Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

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Dionisios Chrysis Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

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Cecilia Camacho-Hübner Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

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children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia ( 7 ) and growth disorders such as normal short stature ( 4 , 8 , 9 ), constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP) ( 9 , 10 , 11 ), and idiopathic short stature ( 12 ), it has been reported that adult

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology Collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0090
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Sarmistha Banerjee Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Allison M Hayes Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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Bernard H Shapiro Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

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of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 ( 3 , 4 ) while in the case of mice, males express greater levels of CYP2D9 ( 2 ). (ii) The sexual dimorphisms in CYP expression are determined by sex differences in the circulating growth hormone (GH) profiles in adulthood. More

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0143
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access