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the circadian rhythms of behaviour that persist in constant darkness. In lesioned hamsters, circadian rhythmicity can be restored by transplanting fragments of neonatal suprachiasmatic nucleus into the third ventricle – and, remarkably, can do so even
Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatrics, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development Research Institute, de Boelelaan, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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had no information on the timing of antenatal corticosteroid treatment. Finally, for practical reasons related to the NICU setting we were not able to collect 24-h urine. However, young infants have not yet developed an adult-like circadian rhythm ( 29
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine – DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Padova Neuroscience Center PNC, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Department of Mathematics ‘Tullio Levi-Civita’ DM, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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impaired results using first-line screening tests: elevation of 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC), absent serum cortisol suppression (<50 nmol/L) after overnight 1 mg dexamethasone suppression test (DST) and loss of circadian salivary cortisol rhythm. The
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number of diabetes complications ( 19 ). Cortisol secretion follows a circadian rhythm with a nadir at midnight, starts to rise at 02:00–04:00 h, displays a peak briefly after waking up and then shows a progressive decrease during the day ( 20 ). The
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impairs neurobehavioral, as well as metabolic and putatively reproductive health in aging ( 48 ). The earlier nocturnal rise in cortisol secretion likely reflects the timing of IL-2 administration rather than resetting of the circadian rhythm. Further
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primary AI, a mineralocorticoid analogue (fludrocortisone), with the aim to replace the missing cortisol and aldosterone, respectively. Conventional immediate-release (IR) HC does not replicate the physiological circadian rhythm of endogenous cortisol
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, 17 , 20 ). The model diversity illustrated this phenomenon. It is, however, reassuring that the main model structure of the final model was similar to other published models ( 16 ), with the main differences being the lack of circadian rhythm ( 16
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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and corrected energy expenditures, activity or food consumption ( Fig. 3A – F ). Thus, in the setting of an HFHSD, TF exposure does not alter fuel preference, energy expenditure or metabolic circadian rhythms. Figure 3 Metabolic cage analyses on
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–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA): basal cortisol level <3 μg/dL indicated impaired HPA function while the basal cortisol level >15 μg/dL excluded it. If basal cortisol levels ranged from 3 to 15 μg/dL, the circadian rhythm of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol (08
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Radiology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children’s Hospital, University Medical Center, Lundlaan, EA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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problem may be caused by decreased physical activity ( 8 , 39 ) or disturbance of the circadian rhythm due to visual impairment ( 7 ), or more likely, confounded by tumor location and hypothalamic involvement ( 40 ). Larger cohorts in future studies are