M A Webb
M A Webb
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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H Mani
H Mani
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, UK
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Kettering, UK
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S J Robertson
S J Robertson
The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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H L Waller
H L Waller
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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D R Webb
D R Webb
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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C L Edwardson
C L Edwardson
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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D H Bodicoat
D H Bodicoat
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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T Yates
T Yates
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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K Khunti
K Khunti
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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M J Davies
M J Davies
NIHR Leicester-Loughborough Diet, Lifestyle and Physical Activity Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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The Leicester Diabetes Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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study randomisation was not taken into account. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of changes in daily step count over a 6-month period on markers of: inflammation (IL6 and CRP), T2DM (glucose, HbA1c and insulin) and CVD (blood
Po-Chung Cheng
Po-Chung Cheng
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Chia-Hung Kao
Chia-Hung Kao
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease that induces substantial morbidity in affected patients ( 1 ). Chronic hyperglycemia predisposes patients to microvascular complications including retinopathy, neuropathy, and
Chan Yang
Chan Yang
School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Yadi Zhang
Yadi Zhang
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Juan Li
Juan Li
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Xiaowei Liu
Xiaowei Liu
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Jiangwei Qiu
Jiangwei Qiu
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Jiaxing Zhang
Jiaxing Zhang
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Xiuying Liu
Xiuying Liu
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Yuhong Zhang
Yuhong Zhang
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Yi Zhao
Yi Zhao
School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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Key Laboratory of Environmental Factors and Chronic Disease Control, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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weight loss due to unknown causes), or a past medical history of T2DM. Prediabetes was defined as a fasting plasma glucose ≥6.1 mmol/L and <7.0 mmol/L. Normoglycemia was defined as a fasting plasma glucose level <6.1 mmol/L. Body mass index (BMI) was
P R van Dijk
P R van Dijk
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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S J J Logtenberg
S J J Logtenberg
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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K H Groenier
K H Groenier
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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N Kleefstra
N Kleefstra
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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H J G Bilo
H J G Bilo
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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H J Arnqvist
H J Arnqvist
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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the hepatic sensitivity of GH stimulation and subsequently increases IGF1 production (8) . Furthermore, insulin increases IGF1 bioactivity by a down-regulation of IGFBP1 expression in the liver (5) . In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), with
Agnieszka Adamska
Agnieszka Adamska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Vitalii Ulychnyi
Vitalii Ulychnyi
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Katarzyna Siewko
Katarzyna Siewko
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Anna Popławska-Kita
Anna Popławska-Kita
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Małgorzata Szelachowska
Małgorzata Szelachowska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Marcin Adamski
Marcin Adamski
Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Białystok, Poland
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Angelika Buczyńska
Angelika Buczyńska
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Adam Jacek Krętowski
Adam Jacek Krętowski
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Bialystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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.8 0.35 T2DM (%) 23 41 <0.01 Hyperlipidaemia (%) 72.4 53.6 0.01 Obesity (%) 34.7 33.9 0.9 CKD (%) 28.5 32.1 0.7 Stroke (%) 2.9 1.8 0.6 STEMI (%) 5 5.4 0.6 NSTEMI (%) 0
Aldo Bonaventura
Aldo Bonaventura
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Fabrizio Montecucco
Fabrizio Montecucco
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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Franco Dallegri
Franco Dallegri
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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adults with type 1 DM (T1DM) ranges from 0.2 to 3.2 episodes per patient per year (1, 2) and from 0.1 to 0.7 in insulin-treated T2DM patients (2) . In patients with impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH), it is more difficult to have a precise
Xi Cao
Xi Cao
Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Ming Lu
Ming Lu
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Rong-Rong Xie
Rong-Rong Xie
Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Li-Ni Song
Li-Ni Song
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Wei-Li Yang
Wei-Li Yang
Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Zhong Xin
Zhong Xin
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Guang-Ran Yang
Guang-Ran Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Jin-Kui Yang
Jin-Kui Yang
Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Introduction The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing globally, and diabetic complications affect millions of people worldwide ( 1 , 2 ). Diabetic eye diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic macular
Yuka Goto
Yuka Goto
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yoshie Otsuka
Yoshie Otsuka
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kenji Ashida
Kenji Ashida
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ayako Nagayama
Ayako Nagayama
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nao Hasuzawa
Nao Hasuzawa
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Shimpei Iwata
Shimpei Iwata
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kento Hara
Kento Hara
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Munehisa Tsuruta
Munehisa Tsuruta
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nobuhiko Wada
Nobuhiko Wada
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Seiichi Motomura
Seiichi Motomura
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yuji Tajiri
Yuji Tajiri
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Masatoshi Nomura
Masatoshi Nomura
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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inhibitor. Materials and methods Study population This prospective, single-center, and single-arm clinical study evaluated 269 patients with T2DM who were admitted to the Kurume University Hospital between July 1, 2017 and December 31, 2018
Shaomin Shi
Shaomin Shi
Division of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Xinghua Chen
Xinghua Chen
Division of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wen Yu
Wen Yu
Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Xiaolan Ke
Xiaolan Ke
Division of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Tean Ma
Tean Ma
Division of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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decreasing trend in renal GLP-1R protein expression compared with the NC group, which verified that there was a reduction in renal GLP-1R protein expression in the T2DM mouse model. The hypoglycemic effect of Degu insulin does not reverse this change. In this
Chaiho Jeong
Chaiho Jeong
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Bongseong Kim
Bongseong Kim
Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Jinyoung Kim
Jinyoung Kim
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hansang Baek
Hansang Baek
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Mee Kyoung Kim
Mee Kyoung Kim
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Tae-Seo Sohn
Tae-Seo Sohn
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ki-Hyun Baek
Ki-Hyun Baek
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Ki-Ho Song
Ki-Ho Song
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyun-Shik Son
Hyun-Shik Son
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kyungdo Han
Kyungdo Han
Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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,554,830 people aged ≥ 40 years with T2DM underwent a health examination. Patients who had at least one service claim with a diagnosis of T2DM based on ICD-10 (E11–E14) and patients prescribed at least one antidiabetic drug at any time over 1 year were classified
