Anna Olsson-Brown
Anna Olsson-Brown
Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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Rosemary Lord
Rosemary Lord
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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Joseph Sacco
Joseph Sacco
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Jonathan Wagg
Jonathan Wagg
Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
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Mark Coles
Mark Coles
Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Munir Pirmohamed
Munir Pirmohamed
Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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monotherapy ICI was 12 weeks (range 6–18 weeks; IQR 6 weeks). The trough T4 prior to commencement of levothyroxine was 4.45 pmol/L (95% CI 0.4–8.5 pmol/L), with an associated peak TSH of 69.0 mU/L (95% CI 44.7–93.2 mU/L). Figure 2 Changes of TSH (black
Xiaoya Zheng
Xiaoya Zheng
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Shanshan Yu
Shanshan Yu
Pathology Department, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Jian Long
Jian Long
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qiang Wei
Qiang Wei
Prevention of Disease Department, Chongqing Jiulongpo District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Liping Liu
Liping Liu
Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Chun Liu
Chun Liu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wei Ren
Wei Ren
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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having an elevated TSH value >5.91 µIU/mL or being on levothyroxine replacement therapy at the time of diagnosis. The diagnosis of HT was suggested by a typical ultrasound pattern or by the presence of antithyroid antibodies ( 17 ). Statistical
Amir Bashkin
Amir Bashkin
Department of Endocrinology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Eliran Yaakobi
Eliran Yaakobi
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Marina Nodelman
Marina Nodelman
Department of Endocrinology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Ohad Ronen
Ohad Ronen
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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glucocorticoids, levothyroxine, Mercaptizol, Propylthiouracil, Amiodarone, opioids and drugs that enhance T4 metabolism through the enhancement of cytochrome P450 3A4 such as phenytoin and carbamazepine ( 5 , 6 ). Patients were divided into the following
Adriano N Cury
Adriano N Cury
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Verônica T Meira
Verônica T Meira
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Osmar Monte
Osmar Monte
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Marília Marone
Marília Marone
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Nilza M Scalissi
Nilza M Scalissi
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Cristiane Kochi
Cristiane Kochi
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Luís E P Calliari
Luís E P Calliari
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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Carlos A Longui
Carlos A Longui
Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory, Pediatrics Department, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, 01221-020 São Paulo, Brazil
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medications. Treatment period of ATD therapy was 16.9 (11.4) months. Levothyroxine ( l -T 4 ) was used in all patients who progressed to hypothyroidism after RAI therapy. No patient was subjected to ‘block and replace’ treatment. The chief criteria that were
Paolo G Arduino
Paolo G Arduino
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Dora Karimi
Dora Karimi
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Federico Tirone
Federico Tirone
Private Practice, Cuneo, Italy
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Veronica Sciannameo
Veronica Sciannameo
Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Fulvio Ricceri
Fulvio Ricceri
Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
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Marco Cabras
Marco Cabras
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Alessio Gambino
Alessio Gambino
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Davide Conrotto
Davide Conrotto
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Stefano Salzano
Stefano Salzano
Private Practice, Cuneo, Italy
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Mario Carbone
Mario Carbone
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Roberto Broccoletti
Roberto Broccoletti
Department of Surgical Sciences, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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consider normal function of the thyroid gland, were between 9.0 and 25.0 pmol/L for fT 4 , and between 0.4 and 4.0 milliunits per litre (U/L) for TSH. Patients with the abnormal test were referred to an endocrinologist. Levothyroxine was the most commonly
Sophie Howarth
Sophie Howarth
Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Luca Giovanelli
Luca Giovanelli
Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Catherine Napier
Catherine Napier
Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Simon H Pearce
Simon H Pearce
Clinical and Translational Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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history included levothyroxine 200 µg once daily, 3-monthly vitamin B12 injections, an actrapid/glargine basal bolus insulin regimen and the combined oral contraceptive pill (COCP). Eight years previously, she had been hospitalised for an episode of
Selma Flora Nordqvist
Selma Flora Nordqvist
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Victor Brun Boesen
Victor Brun Boesen
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Åse Krogh Rasmussen
Åse Krogh Rasmussen
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Laszlo Hegedüs
Laszlo Hegedüs
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Steen Joop Bonnema
Steen Joop Bonnema
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Per Karkov Cramon
Per Karkov Cramon
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Torquil Watt
Torquil Watt
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Internal Medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Mogens Groenvold
Mogens Groenvold
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jakob Bue Bjorner
Jakob Bue Bjorner
Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
QualityMetric Incorporated, LLC, Johnston, Rhode Island, USA
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National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
QualityMetric Incorporated, LLC, Johnston, Rhode Island, USA
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) Autoimmune hypothyroidism 86 (20) Other thyroid diagnoses 18 (4) Disease duration (months) 0.3 (0–4) Treatment instituted Levothyroxine 111 (26) Antithyroid medication 86 (20) Aspiration of thyroid cyst 4
Hanna Karhapää
Hanna Karhapää
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Siru Mäkelä
Siru Mäkelä
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Hanna Laurén
Hanna Laurén
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Marjut Jaakkola
Marjut Jaakkola
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Camilla Schalin-Jäntti
Camilla Schalin-Jäntti
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Micaela Hernberg
Micaela Hernberg
Medical Faculty, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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patients (12%) had a borderline level of TSHRAbs, and 7 patients (5%) had elevated TPOAbs. Prior to ICI treatment, 19 patients (14%) had primary hypothyroidism and were on levothyroxine treatment. None of the patients with a previous diagnosis of
Lian Duan
Lian Duan
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Han-Yu Zhang
Han-Yu Zhang
Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Min Lv
Min Lv
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Han Zhang
Han Zhang
Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Yao Chen
Yao Chen
Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Ting Wang
Ting Wang
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Yan Li
Yan Li
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Yan Wu
Yan Wu
Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China
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Junfeng Li
Junfeng Li
Department of Radiology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China
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Kefeng Li
Kefeng Li
School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
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and complex interactions among multiple predictive variables ( 15 ). However, to date, the application of machine learning approaches in thyroid-related diseases has primarily focused on the ultrasonic diagnosis or the optimization of levothyroxine
W J Bom
W J Bom
Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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F B M Joosten
F B M Joosten
Department of Radiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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M M G J van Borren
M M G J van Borren
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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E P Bom
E P Bom
Department of Radiology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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R R J P van Eekeren
R R J P van Eekeren
Department of Surgery, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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H de Boer
H de Boer
Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, the Netherlands
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, and was treated with levothyroxine (50–125 µg daily). Two other patients were also on levothyroxine treatment, one because of Hashimoto’s disease and one because of hypothyroidism of unknown cause. The median nodule volume at baseline was 12.0 mL
