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important to explore more indicators that can reflect osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is generally accompanied by low-grade inflammation development ( 7 ). Previous in vitro experiments showed that the inflammatory response could cause differentiation or
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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, and dietary iodine are associated with the development of GD ( 2 ). GD stands as a multifaceted autoimmune disorder, with thyroid gland inflammation marked by the infiltration of mononuclear cells. This infiltration notably comprises T lymphocytes and
Department of Research and Development, Växjö, Sweden
Primary Care, Växjö, Sweden
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Department of Research and Development, Växjö, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden
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infections, and it was shown that interaction between bacterial structures and CD163 led to an increase of proinflammatory cytokines ( 16 ). The soluble form, sCD163, is shed during inflammation from CD163 by ADAM-17, the same metalloproteinase that sheds TNF
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of pancreatic β cells is correlated with the pathogenesis of GDM. A significant association between GDM and inflammation has been reported ( 8 ). Highly secreted pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1 β, contribute to the insulin
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Department of General Surgery, St. Elisabeth’s Hospital, Graz, Austria
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hundreds of genes ( 32 , 33 ). Therefore, vitamin D has the ability to act synergistically on the immune response to acute systemic inflammation and infection ( 19 , 34 ), lung epithelial function ( 35 ), muscle function and metabolism ( 36 ) and cardiac
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hypothyroidism ( 1 ). In the majority of cases, the onset of HT is insidious, and thyroid hormone levels typically remain within the normal range until inflammation progresses to hypothyroidism, revealing initial symptoms ( 2 ). Fundamentally, HT is an
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Purpose
Serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [25(OH)D] varies greatly with season at northern latitudes. The purpose of this study was to determine if the seasonal variations in serum total 25(OH)D are followed by a concomitant variation in free 25(OH)D or if the variation is damped by alterations in the binding capacity of DBP.
Methods
Serum was collected from 540 healthy blood donors (60% men; mean age 41 ± 13 years) during 12 months and analyzed for total 25(OH)D, directly measured free 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and albumin. Calculated free 25(OH)D was estimated.
Results
The UV-B radiation during the sampling month was positively correlated with the serum levels of total 25(OH)D (r = 0.355, P < 0.001), directly measured free (r = 0.336, P < 0.001) and calculated free 25(OH)D (r = 0.275, P < 0.001), but not with DBP and albumin. The percentage of free 25(OH)D was higher during the winter months than that during the summer months (0.020 ± 0.005% vs 0.019 ± 0.004%; P = 0.007) and higher in participants with a serum 25(OH)D below 25 nmol/L than that in participants with a serum 25(OH)D above 75 nmol/L (0.031 ± 0.007% vs 0.017 ± 0.003%; P < 0.001). iPTH was correlated with directly measured free 25(OH)D (r = −0.226; P < 0.001), but only weakly with calculated free 25(OH)D (r = −0.095; P = 0.027).
Conclusions
Directly measured free serum 25(OH)D was highly correlated with total serum 25(OH)D and followed the same seasonal variation, whereas the serum concentrations of DBP and albumin were stable. The fluctuation in free 25(OH)D was only marginally damped with an increase in the percentage of free 25(OH)D during the winter months and in participants with vitamin D deficiency.
Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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reliable indicators have been developed to assist in risk stratification and surveillance strategy making for resected patients preoperatively. Inflammation is a well-known promoter for oncogenesis and progression, and peripheral blood cells could reflect
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-mediated inflammation and pyroptosis Immunofluorescence staining and semiquantitative analysis showed that the expression of NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins in the kidneys of mice in the DN and DN + RI groups was significantly increased compared with that in the
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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-grade inflammation enacted through IL-1 activity was recently shown to play a causal role in the development of both type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Randomized treatment with IL-1 antagonists has proven capacity to reduce HbA1c levels in patients
