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Kathrin R Frey Department of Medicine I, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

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Tina Kienitz Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Julia Schulz Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Manfred Ventz Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Kathrin Zopf Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Marcus Quinkler Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany

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-induced decline in bone formation is associated with an increased fracture risk related both to the dose and duration of GC treatment ( 2 ). Recent studies on bone mineral density (BMD) in PAI and CAH patients showed different results. This may be not only due to

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0160
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 6
Open access
M Ahmid Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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C G Perry Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK

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S F Ahmed Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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M G Shaikh Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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studies. Figure 2 Flow diagram of the literature review process and selection of studies. Consequences of rhGH cessation and replacement during transition Bone mass and risk of fracture Bone mass Cross-sectional and

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0024
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
Open access
Keina Nishio Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Akiko Tanabe Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Risa Maruoka Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Kiyoko Nakamura Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Masaaki Takai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Tatsuharu Sekijima Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Satoshi Tunetoh Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Yoshito Terai Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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Masahide Ohmichi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan

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tomography was significantly higher in comparison to natural menopause women. In addition, risk of osteoporotic fracture may be increased in women who undergo bilateral oophorectomy after natural menopause in comparison to women with intact ovaries (6, 7

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0043
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 1
Open access
Julia Herteux Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Simon Johannes Geiger Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Christina Starchl Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Johanna Windisch Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Theresa Lerchl Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Adelina Tmava-Berisha Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Gerit Wünsch Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Kathrin Eller Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Astrid Fahrleitner-Pammer Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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Karin Amrein Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz, Graz, Austria

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( 8 , 9 , 10 ). In 2014, the Canadian National Hypoparathyroidism Registry started collecting medical data, including fracture risk, mortality and comorbidities ( 11 ). In a retrospective study design, they were able to evaluate the medical history

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Bone and Mineral Metabolism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0533
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 5
Open access
Yaqian Mao Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Lizhen Xu Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China

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Ting Xue Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China

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Jixing Liang Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Wei Lin Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Junping Wen Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Huibin Huang Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Liantao Li Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China

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Gang Chen Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fujian, China
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Analysis, Fujian Academy of Medical, Fujian, China

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States, OP affects approximately 10 million people, including 2 million men ( 2 ). It is estimated that one in five white men will suffer from osteoporosis-related fractures in their lifetimes ( 3 ). In China, the overall prevalence rate of OP in people

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0330
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access
Jiaxin Zhang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Jinlan Jiang Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yao Qin School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yihui Zhang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yungang Wu Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Huadong Xu School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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measure BMD and define osteoporosis as being ≤2.5 standard deviations ( s.d. ) of the mean BMD in young healthy females ( 1 ). Osteoporosis can cause increased bone fragility and risks of osteoporotic fractures ( 2 ). It was estimated that the annual case

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Bone and Mineral Metabolism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0461
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Anna Eremkina Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Julia Krupinova Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Ekaterina Dobreva Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Anna Gorbacheva Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Ekaterina Bibik Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Margarita Samsonova Faculty of Fundamental Medicine, ederal State Budget Educational Institution of Higher Education M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

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Alina Ajnetdinova Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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Natalya Mokrysheva Endocrinology Research Center, Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

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, non-vertebral and hip fractures and increases bone mineral density ( 8 ). At the same time, administering denosumab to patients with advanced cancers and bone metastases significantly decreases the incidence of skeletal-related events and hypercalcemia

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0380
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 10
Open access
Yi Chen Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Wen Zhang Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Chi Chen Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yuying Wang Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Ningjian Wang Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Yingli Lu Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with an increased fracture risk ( 1 , 2 , 3 ), which has aroused great concern. One of the most commonly used indicators to assess fracture risk is the bone mineral density (BMD

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0484
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 3
Open access
Karoline Winckler Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Lise Tarnow Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology
Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology
Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Louise Lundby-Christensen Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology
Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Thomas P Almdal Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology
Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Niels Wiinberg Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Pia Eiken Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology
Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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Trine W Boesgaard Department of Cardiology, Department of Research, Institute of Clinical Studies, Clinical Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Department of Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Nephrology and Endocrinology

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the CIMT trial group
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to improved endothelial function, inhibition of foam cell formation and suppression of macrophage cholesterol uptake in patients with T2D (19, 20) . Vitamin D's effect on bone health (fractures and bone mineral density (BMD)) is well established in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-15-0034
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 2
Open access
Malachi J McKenna St Michael's Hospital, Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
St Michael's Hospital, Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland
St Michael's Hospital, Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland

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Barbara F Murray St Michael's Hospital, Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Dún Laoghaire, Dublin, Ireland

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-dose oral vitamin D that had falls and fractures as outcome measures, intervention resulted in increased risk of falls and fractures; in a small sample of the treated group, 25OHD levels reached an average concentration of 120 nmol/l that approximates the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0008
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Open access