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Kristin Ottarsdottir Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Margareta Hellgren Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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David Bock Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Anna G Nilsson Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Bledar Daka Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Introduction Sex hormone-binding globulin is a glycoprotein traditionally known as a carrier protein for sex hormones in both men and women. Cross-sectional and prospective epidemiological cohort studies have demonstrated that low levels of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0141
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Kim K B Clemmensen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Jonas S Quist Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Dorte Vistisen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Daniel R Witte Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark

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Anna Jonsson NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Oluf Pedersen NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torben Hansen NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens J Holst NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torsten Lauritzen Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Marit E Jørgensen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Signe Torekov NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Kristine Færch Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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sleep schedule in the weekends compared to the daily rhythm in the weekdays ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). However, knowledge on the role of weekend behavior on glucose metabolism and incretin hormone response is lacking. The objectives of the present cross-sectional

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0009
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 4
Open access
Sandra N Slagter Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Robert P van Waateringe Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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André P van Beek Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Melanie M van der Klauw Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Bruce H R Wolffenbuttel Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk Department of Endocrinology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

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approved by the medical ethics review committee of the UMCG. For this study, we used cross-sectional data, collected between 2006 and 2013, of subjects from Western European descendent (according to self-reported information in the questionnaire) and aged

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0011
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 4
Open access
Emmanuel K Fai University of Maryland Medical Center Midtown Campus, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Cheryl Anderson Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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Victor Ferreros Walden University, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

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therapies. Research design and methods This research study employed the quantitative methodology. The researcher employed the cross-sectional correlational design to investigate whether attitudes and intentions could predict adherence to oral

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0093
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 2
Open access
Fabian Eichelmann Department of Epidemiology, Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Start-up Lab, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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Cornelia Weikert Department of Food Safety, Federal Institute for Risk Assessment
Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany

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Romina di Giuseppe Institute of Epidemiology, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany

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Ronald Biemann Department for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

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Berend Isermann Department for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany

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Matthias B Schulze Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany
German Center of Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany

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Heiner Boeing Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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Krasimira Aleksandrova Department of Epidemiology, Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Start-up Lab, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), Nuthetal, Germany

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concentrations have been reported in patients suffering from systemic inflammatory diseases such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis ( 9 ), liver diseases ( 10 ), chronic pancreatitis ( 11 ) and polycystic ovary syndrome ( 12 ). Cross-sectional studies

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0098
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 5
Open access
Shanlee M Davis Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
eXtraOrdinarY Kids Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Rhianna Urban Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

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Angelo D’Alessandro Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Julie A Reisz Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Christine L Chan Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Megan Kelsey Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Susan Howell Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
eXtraOrdinarY Kids Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Nicole Tartaglia Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
eXtraOrdinarY Kids Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Philip Zeitler Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
eXtraOrdinarY Kids Clinic, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Peter Baker II Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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. Methods Overall study design This was a cross-sectional study of untargeted metabolite concentrations in the plasma of 31 males with KS compared to 33 controls selected for similar age, pubertal stage, and body mass index (BMI). The study was

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0523
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 5
Open access
Christian Trummer Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Stefan Pilz Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Verena Schwetz Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Barbara Obermayer-Pietsch Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Elisabeth Lerchbaum Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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development of insulin resistance in PCOS, while vitamin D supplementation might improve insulin sensitivity as well as serum androgen concentrations ( 32 , 33 , 34 ). In a cross-sectional study by Wehr and coworkers ( 3 ), 25(OH)D concentrations were an

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0009
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 3
Open access
Lachlan Angus Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

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Shalem Leemaqz Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia

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Olivia Ooi Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

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Pauline Cundill Equinox Gender Diverse Clinic, Thorne Harbour Health, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia

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Nicholas Silberstein Equinox Gender Diverse Clinic, Thorne Harbour Health, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia

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Peter Locke Equinox Gender Diverse Clinic, Thorne Harbour Health, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia

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Jeffrey D Zajac Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

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Ada S Cheung Department of Medicine (Austin Health), The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia

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. Clinical characteristics of the audit have been previously published ( 1 ). This cross-sectional analysis included transfeminine individuals newly presenting to the clinics who had been on established feminising hormone therapy with oestradiol for at least

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0272
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 7
Open access
Shatha Alharazy Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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M Denise Robertson Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

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Susan Lanham-New Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

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Muhammad Imran Naseer Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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Adeel G Chaudhary Centre of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Centre for Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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Eman Alissa Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

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-ethnic (white Middle Eastern and black African) postmenopausal women living in western Saudi Arabia where vitamin D deficiency is an extremely prevalent issue despite a high level of sunlight. Methods Subjects and study design This is a cross-sectional

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0445
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 12
Open access
Maria Lola Evia-Viscarra Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Boulevard Milenio 130, San Carlos la Roncha, C.P. 37660 León, Guanajuato, Mexico

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Edel Rafael Rodea-Montero Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Boulevard Milenio 130, San Carlos la Roncha, C.P. 37660 León, Guanajuato, Mexico

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Evelia Apolinar-Jiménez Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Boulevard Milenio 130, San Carlos la Roncha, C.P. 37660 León, Guanajuato, Mexico

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Silvia Quintana-Vargas Pediatric Endocrinology Department, Research Department, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Boulevard Milenio 130, San Carlos la Roncha, C.P. 37660 León, Guanajuato, Mexico

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compare the clinical, anthropometric, and biochemical characteristics between patients with and without MS by sex. Subjects and methods Participants We conducted a cross-sectional study with a sample of obese adolescents (boys and girls) from 8 to 16 years

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0057
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 4
Open access