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impairs neurobehavioral, as well as metabolic and putatively reproductive health in aging ( 48 ). The earlier nocturnal rise in cortisol secretion likely reflects the timing of IL-2 administration rather than resetting of the circadian rhythm. Further
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Morise T & Takimoto H . Circadian rhythm of plasma aldosterone and time dependent alterations of aldosterone regulators . Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 1984 20 321 – 323 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-4731(8490225-5 ) 11 Bornstein SR
Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Tulane University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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Essex MJ. Longitudinal stability and developmental properties of salivary cortisol levels and circadian rhythms from childhood to adolescence . Developmental Psychobiology 2012 54 493 – 502 . ( doi:10.1002/dev.v54.5 ) 27 Webb SJ
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Metabolism 1968 28 1014 – 1022 . ( doi:10.1210/jcem-28-7-1014 ). 15 Kem DC Weinberger MH Gomez-Sanchez C Kramer NJ Lerman R Furuyama S Nugent CA . Circadian rhythm of plasma aldosterone concentration in patients with primary aldosteronism
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~25°C and humidity 60~40%, natural circadian rhythm, light enough. After one-week adjustment period given high-fat diet for rats, its feed formula is lard 10%, white sugar 20%, egg yolk powder 5%, bile salt 0.2%, vitamin 0.05%, mineral 0.2% and basic
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev & Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark
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), which require repeated venous sampling. The pathology of several other conditions such as major depression, bipolar disease, stress related to night shifts, nocturia, hypertension, and sleep disorders have all been claimed to include disrupted circadian
Centre for Biological Timing, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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Oxford Liver Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK
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NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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NIHR Oxford Health Biomedical Research Centre, and NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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nucleus (SCN). The SCN receives light information from the retina. The timekeeping mechanism is composed of a transcriptional–translational feedback loop, which has an intrinsic period of approximately 24 h. Circadian rhythms are critically important for
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Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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of the circadian rhythm. The hair GC concentrations reflect the exposure in the time frame during which the hair grows ( 14 ). Maternal hair GC levels seem to reflect HPA axis activity during pregnancy ( 15 , 16 , 17 ). Neonatal hair GC levels
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1223 – 1228 . ( doi:10.1210/jc.2008-2543 ) 10.1210/jc.2008-2543 10 Sherman B Wysham C Pfohl B. Age-related changes in the circadian rhythm of plasma cortisol in man . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1985 61 439
Wildlife Reproductive Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia
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Wildlife Reproductive Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia
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) , humans (38) , pandas (39) , and sheep (40) ). The most detailed studies have been conducted in rats, and have shown that this increase is not due to overall upregulation of adrenal activity, but is due to a change in the amplitude of the circadian