Fondazione Italiana Ricerca sulle Malattie dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), Florence, Italy
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such as phthalates, called ‘endocrine disruptor chemicals’ (EDCs), could be associated with a reduction in vitamin D levels ( 15 , 16 ). In a study by Johns et al. , involving 4667 adults who participated in the National Health and Nutrition
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Thyroid hormones (THs) are involved in the development and function of the male reproductive system, but their effects on the prostate have been poorly studied. This work reviews studies related to the interrelationship between the thyroid and the prostate. The information presented here is based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed using the following search terms: prostate combined with thyroid hormone or triiodothyronine, thyroxine, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, or deiodinase. We identified and searched 49 articles directly related to the issue, and discarded studies related to endocrine disruptors. The number of publications has grown in the last 20 years, considering that one of the first studies was published in 1965. This review provides information based on in vitro studies, murine models, and clinical protocols in patients with thyroid disorders. Studies indicate that THs regulate different aspects of growth, metabolism, and prostate pathology, whose global effect depends on total and/or free concentrations of THs in serum, local bioavailability, and the endocrine androgen/thyronine context.
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) Endocrinology of the Nervous System and Behaviour; and (3) Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals. The journal will now contain these three independent sections aiming to provide a home for the excellent work published in these fields. These sections will be championed
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‘Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals’. The latter has gained significant momentum both with the communication of the ‘Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability – Towards a Toxic-Free Environment’ by the European Commission in October 2020, and the implementation of
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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changes in body weight and obesity ( 8 , 9 ), exposure to environmental endocrine disruptors ( 10 ), and stressful life events ( 11 ). Recently, it has been proposed that precocious puberty may represent the expression of an adaptive mechanism to escape
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-disrupting chemicals in the maternal and fetal environment. Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) are xenobiotics that modulate hormonal homeostasis thereby inducing adverse effects ( 8 ). Numerous EDCs identified to date contain a halogen group substitution with
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Asian women ( 51 , 82 ). Hence, while some of these foods are protective against endometriosis, heavy metal contamination in some of these products may counter their beneficial effects. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), which are ubiquitous in
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considered as endocrine-related malignancies. In addition to the endogenous estrogenic ligands, estrogen signaling may be influenced by environmental synthetic or natural (dietary) xenoestrogens, so-called endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). An
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EHESP-School of Public Health, Rennes, France
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Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
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remains that the rodents as models comes with intrinsic limitations due to species-specific responses and phenotype and that the effects seen might not necessary be transferable to humans. It has been shown that certain endocrine disruptive chemicals can
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disruption of glucocorticoid-mediated activity that causes adverse consequences on fetal development. The indirect effect via the direct inhibition of HSD11B2 by endocrine disruptors often goes unnoticed. Although some endocrine disruptors are inhibitors of
