Alessandra Gambineri
Alessandra Gambineri
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Carla Pelusi
Carla Pelusi
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Alma Mater University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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tissues, particularly on adipose tissue. The sexual dimorphism of androgens in the pathophysiology of T2DM is emphasized. Sex hormone differences between the sexes Males and females produce the same steroid hormones in a similar way. Regarding
Michaela Keuper
Michaela Keuper
Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Introduction White adipose tissue (WAT) is a metabolically active tissue that modifies systemic metabolism significantly by regulating the storage and release of lipids. Free fatty acids serve as a major fuel source during times of energy
Xiaobing Lu
Xiaobing Lu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Jiang Yue
Jiang Yue
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Qianjing Liu
Qianjing Liu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Shengyun He
Shengyun He
Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Ying Dong
Ying Dong
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Ming Zhang
Ming Zhang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Yicheng Qi
Yicheng Qi
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Minglan Yang
Minglan Yang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Wang Zhang
Wang Zhang
Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Hua Xu
Hua Xu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Qing Lu
Qing Lu
Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Jing Ma
Jing Ma
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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fat distribution or fat content within the body. Ectopic fat accumulation is regarded as a risk factor for metabolic diseases ( 3 , 4 ). Our team recently demonstrated that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and fat content of the liver in overweight
Lars Peter Sørensen
Lars Peter Sørensen
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Tina Parkner
Tina Parkner
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Esben Søndergaard
Esben Søndergaard
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Bo Martin Bibby
Bo Martin Bibby
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Holger Jon Møller
Holger Jon Møller
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Søren Nielsen
Søren Nielsen
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-associated insulin resistance remain unclear, but it is well established that not only the amount, but also the distribution of excess body fat is important, and that white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation and insulin resistance are inter-related (2) . Studies have
Nese Cinar
Nese Cinar
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Alper Gurlek
Alper Gurlek
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey
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Introduction Adipose tissue is a complex organ including adipocytes, immune cells, fibroblasts, blood vessels, and collagen fibers. It is classified as brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT). WAT is the predominant type because
Wenqi Yang
Wenqi Yang
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Ling Liu
Ling Liu
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Yuan Wei
Yuan Wei
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Chunlu Fang
Chunlu Fang
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Fu Zhou
Fu Zhou
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Jinbao Chen
Jinbao Chen
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Qinghua Han
Qinghua Han
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Meifang Huang
Meifang Huang
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Xuan Tan
Xuan Tan
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Qiuyue Liu
Qiuyue Liu
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Qiang Pan
Qiang Pan
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Lu Zhang
Lu Zhang
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Xiaojuan Lei
Xiaojuan Lei
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Liangming Li
Liangming Li
Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
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). FGF21 exerts its biological actions through binding to FGF receptors (FGFRs) and an essential co-receptor, β-klotho ( 7 ), forming the FGF21 receptor complex. FGF21 is produced predominantly in the liver ( 4 , 8 ). Adipose tissue is a primary target
Qing Zhou
Qing Zhou
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Li Yong Zhang
Li Yong Zhang
Department of Thyroid Surgery, Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Mei Feng Dai
Mei Feng Dai
Department of Clinical Lab, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Zhen Li
Zhen Li
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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Chao Chun Zou
Chao Chun Zou
Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Hui Liu
Hui Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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). The present study investigates the effect of high TSH levels on insulin signal transduction in adipose tissue, and the role of ER stress in this process. We found that TSH can induce insulin resistance in adipose tissue, and the mechanism through which
Jana Ernst
Jana Ernst
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Urszula Grabiec
Urszula Grabiec
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Kathrin Falk
Kathrin Falk
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Faramarz Dehghani
Faramarz Dehghani
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Kristina Schaedlich
Kristina Schaedlich
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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gonads, the liver as well in the hepatic lipid metabolism ( 29 , 30 , 31 ). DiNP exhibited adipogenic activity in murine 3T3-derived adipocytes ( 32 ). Adipose tissue expression of ECS components differs between lean and obese subjects as reflected by
Fabyan Esberard de Lima Beltrão
Fabyan Esberard de Lima Beltrão
Lauro Wanderley University Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Daniele Carvalhal de Almeida Beltrão
Daniele Carvalhal de Almeida Beltrão
University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Giulia Carvalhal
Giulia Carvalhal
Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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Fabyo Napoleão de Lima Beltrão
Fabyo Napoleão de Lima Beltrão
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, João Pessoa, Brazil
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Igor Motta de Aquino
Igor Motta de Aquino
Metropolitan Hospital Dom José Maria Pires, Santa Rita, Paraíba, Brazil
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Thaíse da Silva Brito
Thaíse da Silva Brito
New Hope Medical School – FAMENE, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Barbara Costa Paulino
Barbara Costa Paulino
Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Elisa Aires
Elisa Aires
Postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Diana Viegas
Diana Viegas
Internal Medicine Department, rede UniFTC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Fabio Hecht
Fabio Hecht
The Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Bruno Halpern
Bruno Halpern
Weight Control Centre, Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Liana Clebia De Morais Pordeus
Liana Clebia De Morais Pordeus
Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves
Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves
Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Helton Estrela Ramos
Helton Estrela Ramos
Postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Department of Biorregulation, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Medical School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Department of Biorregulation, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Medical School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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(ACE2). ACE2 expression in the adipose tissue is greater than that in lung tissue, which means that adipose tissue may be vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Obesity seems to predispose patients with SARS-CoV-2
Min Li
Min Li
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ying Chen
Ying Chen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jingjing Jiang
Jingjing Jiang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yan Lu
Yan Lu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhiyi Song
Zhiyi Song
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shengjie Zhang
Shengjie Zhang
CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Chao Sun
Chao Sun
CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Hao Ying
Hao Ying
CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Xiaofang Fan
Xiaofang Fan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yuping Song
Yuping Song
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jialin Yang
Jialin Yang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Central Hospital of Minhang District, Shanghai Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Lin Zhao
Lin Zhao
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fudan Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Introduction Thyroid hormone (TH) is required for both normal development and metabolism ( 1 , 2 ), acting through its two receptor isoforms, α and β. TRα is mainly expressed in the skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and heart, whereas TRβ is
