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within the population range, but oestradiol levels during and after puberty are low ( 15 ). For three decades, we have held a multidisciplinary PWS clinic in Glasgow ( 5 ), using pelvic ultrasonography, gonadotrophin stimulation testing and human
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Introduction Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder, affecting 18–22% of reproductive-age women (1) . PCOS was first reported in 1935 by Stein & Leventhal (2) and is characterised by clinical or biochemical
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-induced amenorrhoea. Despite this high incidence of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhoea, 27–75% of patients regain ovarian function ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). The selection of optimal adjuvant endocrine therapy for these patients is particularly difficult. Aromatase
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Universidad La Salle, Posgrado de la Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad de México, México
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-Dereure F Capony F Maudelonde T & Rochefort H . Estradiol stimulates cell growth and secretion of procathepsin D and a 120-kilodalton protein in the human ovarian cancer cell line BG-1 . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 1992 75 1497
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, FSH before ovarian stimulation was above >15 mIU/mL. Better results are achieved when FSH is combined with other factors, as is shown in a retrospective study by Volodarsky-Perel ( 26 ). Combining FSH ≤ 20 mIU/mL with anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) > 0
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France
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Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Scarce follicles RO several follicles RO 28·20 mm 4 follicles LO 19·13 mm 3 follicles NA Pregnancy Spontaneous 2 2 1 1 Stimulation 0 0 2 0 Miscarriage 1 (6 weeks) 0 0 0 Ovarian
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Introduction Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) released from the anterior pituitary in response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays a central role in reproduction in women, driving the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles
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. Figure 1 Flowchart of data collection and processing (BMI, kg/m 2 ). IVF protocols The protocol for ovarian stimulation (OS) was determined individually according to standard practice and the patient’s characteristics, including age
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endocrinologist. BA and uterine and ovarian ultrasounds were performed in girls with CPP and PT. BMI was calculated as weight (kg) /height (m) 2 . The GnRH stimulation test was carried out by subcutaneously injecting 2.5 μg/kg (up to 100 μg) of triptorelin
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Introduction Ovarian tumor is an important cause of morbidity and mortality, especially in middle-aged women. Ovarian tumors are broadly classified into epithelial and nonepithelial tumors, of which epithelial tumors are common. Nonepithelial