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genetic alterations associated with sporadic PC are inactivating somatic mutations of the CDC73/HRPT2 gene. Sporadic PC may also be associated with other abnormalities, including p53 and retinoblastoma gene mutations. Alterations of the PI3K
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gain Alterations in RBM10 , SWI/SNF members and chromosome 1q are enriched in nonresponders to RAI (compared to exceptional responders) Bikas et al. 2023 ( 17 ) PTC + FTC, RAS mutant 69 TERT promoter, PTEN , SWI/SNF genes, others
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Introduction Klinefelter syndrome (KS) and 47,XYY syndrome are two distinct common sex chromosome abnormalities sharing some known similarities. KS is comparatively well described, where plentiful studies have expanded our knowledge during
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mechanisms that could result in such alterations in SOX3 expression ( Fig. 1B ). Firstly, deletions of X chromosome sequences may result in loss of a repressor or enhancer of SOX3 expression. Secondly, insertions of chromosome 2 sequences may result in
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Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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-syndromic disorders, specific molecular alterations addressed by single locus or methylation tests as well as chromosomal disturbances are not expected; therefore, a panel of genes involved in isolated growth might be suitable to be screened. 1 Gene panel: targeted
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alteration of the antigenic properties of the basement membrane. Many cell types in the skin express DPP-4, including keratinocytes, epithelial cells and T cells. DPP-4 is a cell surface plasminogen receptor that activates plasminogen and leads to the
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mutation density (0.41 non-synonymous mutations per Mb, on average), ATCs are characterized by a high degree of genomic abnormalities that underscore their virulence and elevated mortality rate. Still few information on the genetic alterations associated
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give rise to carcinoid syndrome as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in approximately 20% of SI-NET patients. To date, genetic and epigenetic alterations in SI-NETs are poorly studied. Massive DNA sequencing analysis on SI-NETs revealed that
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Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration of Ministry of Education, Orthopaedic Department of Tongji Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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were retained in Xenopuslaevis ( 20 , 21 ). This allotetraploid Xenopus lineage evolves from two different diploid ancestors related to two current subgenomes, L (long chromosomes) and S (short chromosomes), by hybridization and allotetraploidization
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HUH Diagnostic Center and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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HUH Diagnostic Center and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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HUH Diagnostic Center and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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main deletions were 16q and 17p whole arms and almost the entire chromosome 19. Figure 1 H&E staining of the primary tumor and the metastasis. The neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) component of the primary tumor (A) ×10, (B) ×20. Some necrosis is