V G Pluimakers
V G Pluimakers
Princess Máxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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M van Waas
M van Waas
Department of Paediatric Oncology/Haematology, Erasmus MC–Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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C W N Looman
C W N Looman
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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M P de Maat
M P de Maat
Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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R de Jonge
R de Jonge
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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P Delhanty
P Delhanty
Section Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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M Huisman
M Huisman
Section Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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F U S Mattace-Raso
F U S Mattace-Raso
Section Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink
Princess Máxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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S J C M M Neggers
S J C M M Neggers
Princess Máxima Centre for Paediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Section Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Section Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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incidence under the age of 5 years and a presentation predominantly in the abdomen. Treatment often consists of a combination of surgery (nephrectomy and/or adrenalectomy), radiotherapy and/or intensive chemotherapy. Because of increased survival rates, long
Julie M Silverstein
Julie M Silverstein
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Lipid Research, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8127, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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psychosocial profile (14) . This includes increased anxiety, body image distortion, depression, impaired short- and long-term memory, and social withdrawal. Surgery, medical therapy, and radiotherapy are the current multimodal treatment options available for
Bernardo Maia
Bernardo Maia
Neuroendocrinology Research Center/Endocrinology Division – Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Leandro Kasuki
Leandro Kasuki
Neuroendocrinology Research Center/Endocrinology Division – Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Neuroendocrinology Division – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Endocrinology Division – Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Neuroendocrinology Division – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Endocrinology Division – Hospital Federal de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Mônica R Gadelha
Mônica R Gadelha
Neuroendocrinology Research Center/Endocrinology Division – Medical School and Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Neuroendocrinology Division – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Neuropatology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Neuroendocrinology Division – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Neuropatology and Molecular Genetics Laboratory – Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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therapy and radiotherapy ( 4 , 6 , 7 ). Current treatments Surgical treatment Surgery is the gold standard treatment of acromegaly since it represents the only therapy capable of rapidly curing acromegaly ( 4 ). With experienced pituitary
Wenhao Lin
Wenhao Lin
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jun Dai
Jun Dai
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jialing Xie
Jialing Xie
Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Jiacheng Liu
Jiacheng Liu
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Fukang Sun
Fukang Sun
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xin Huang
Xin Huang
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Wei He
Wei He
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen Fang
Chen Fang
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Juping Zhao
Juping Zhao
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Danfeng Xu
Danfeng Xu
Department of Urology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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.3) >175 48 (13.1) 2 (4.0) Radiotherapy <0.001 No 301 (82.2) 30 (58.8) Yes 65 (17.8) 21 (41.2) Chemotherapy 0.029 No/unknown 189 (51.6) 18 (35.3) Yes 177 (48.4) 33 (64
G Giuffrida
G Giuffrida
Endocrine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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F Ferraù
F Ferraù
Endocrine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
Department of Human Pathology ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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Department of Human Pathology ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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R Laudicella
R Laudicella
Nuclear Medicine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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O R Cotta
O R Cotta
Department of Human Pathology ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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E Messina
E Messina
Endocrine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
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F Granata
F Granata
Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
Neuroradiology Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
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Neuroradiology Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
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F F Angileri
F F Angileri
Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
Neurosurgery Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
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Neurosurgery Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
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A Vento
A Vento
Nuclear Medicine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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A Alibrandi
A Alibrandi
Department of Economics, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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S Baldari
S Baldari
Nuclear Medicine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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Department of Biomorphology, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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S Cannavò
S Cannavò
Endocrine Unit of University Hospital ‘AOU Policlinico G. Martino’, Messina, Italy
PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
Department of Human Pathology ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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PhD School of Clinical and Experimental Biomedical Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
Department of Human Pathology ‘G. Barresi’, University of Messina, Messina, Sicily, Italy
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‘invasive’ or ‘aggressive’ ( 1 ). Moreover, the term ‘giant’ adenoma is usually applied to those tumors exceeding 40 mm in maximum diameter ( 2 ). In PT patients, multimodal treatment, including neurosurgery, drugs and radiotherapy, is generally effective
Carina Hasenoehrl
Carina Hasenoehrl
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Gert Schwach
Gert Schwach
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy
Nassim Ghaffari-Tabrizi-Wizsy
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
SFL Chicken CAM Lab, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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SFL Chicken CAM Lab, Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Robert Fuchs
Robert Fuchs
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Nadine Kretschmer
Nadine Kretschmer
Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Rudolf Bauer
Rudolf Bauer
Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Roswitha Pfragner
Roswitha Pfragner
Institute of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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New treatment options are needed for medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), a highly metastasizing neuroendocrine tumor that is resistant to standard radiotherapy and chemotherapy. We show that the following shikonin derivatives inhibit cell proliferation and cell viability of the MTC cell line TT: acetylshikonin, β,β-dimethylacrylshikonin, shikonin and a petroleum ether extract of the roots of Onosma paniculata containing several shikonin derivatives. The unsubstituted shikonin derivative was found to be the most effective compound with an IC50 of 1.1 µM. The cell viability of normal human skin fibroblasts, however, was not affected by the tested substances, indicating that shikonin derivatives might be selectively toxic for cancer cells. We further report that migration and invasion of TT cells were inhibited at non-toxic concentrations. Finally, shikonin was tested in vivo using the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, where it significantly reduced tumor growth by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing apoptosis. In summary, our results suggest that shikonin derivatives have the potential for the treatment of medullary thyroid carcinomas.
B C M Hermans
B C M Hermans
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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J L Derks
J L Derks
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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H J M Groen
H J M Groen
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen and University Medical Centre, Groningen, The Netherlands
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J A Stigt
J A Stigt
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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R J van Suylen
R J van Suylen
Pathology-DNA, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, ‘s Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands
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L M Hillen
L M Hillen
Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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E C van den Broek
E C van den Broek
PALGA Foundation, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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E J M Speel
E J M Speel
Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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A-M C Dingemans
A-M C Dingemans
Department of Pulmonary Diseases, GROW School for Oncology & Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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). Furthermore, we identified one additional LCNEC patient treated in our own hospital with lobectomy and stereotactic radiotherapy targeting his solitary brain metastasis (2015). Clinical characteristics and survival data were retrieved from medical records
Ichelle Maa van Roessel
Ichelle Maa van Roessel
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Boudewijn Bakker
Boudewijn Bakker
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Hanneke M van Santen
Hanneke M van Santen
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, AB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wassim Chemaitilly
Wassim Chemaitilly
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, UPMC Children’s Hospitalof Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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. Safety of growth hormone replacement GH deficiency is among the most frequently reported endocrine complications in children treated for brain tumors and CCS with a history of tumor, surgery, or radiotherapy involving the hypothalamic–pituitary region
Mette Marie Baunsgaard
Mette Marie Baunsgaard
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe
Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Louise Tram Henriksen
Louise Tram Henriksen
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Torben Stamm Mikkelsen
Torben Stamm Mikkelsen
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Michael Callesen
Michael Callesen
Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Funen, Denmark
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Britta Weber
Britta Weber
The Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Henrik Hasle
Henrik Hasle
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Niels Birkebæk
Niels Birkebæk
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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last 5 decades ( 3 , 4 ), due to treatment improvements with targeted cranial radiotherapy (CR) in combination with chemotherapy and improved surgery techniques ( 5 ). The overall 5-year survival rate is now approaching 83% in the Nordic countries ( 6
Keina Nishio
Keina Nishio
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Akiko Tanabe
Akiko Tanabe
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Risa Maruoka
Risa Maruoka
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Kiyoko Nakamura
Kiyoko Nakamura
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Masaaki Takai
Masaaki Takai
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Tatsuharu Sekijima
Tatsuharu Sekijima
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Satoshi Tunetoh
Satoshi Tunetoh
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Yoshito Terai
Yoshito Terai
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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Masahide Ohmichi
Masahide Ohmichi
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
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-oophorectomy, and a pelvic lymphadenectomy, followed by CCRT. Pelvic radiotherapy was delivered using a 10 MV X-ray from a linear accelerator with the anteroposterior parallel opposing technique. The superior margin of the external radiation field was placed on the
