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Introduction It is now well-recognized that patients with adult-onset growth hormone deficiency (AO-GHD), apart from experiencing a poor quality of life (QoL), present with an increased risk of developing a metabolic syndrome (MetS) ( 1 , 2
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Endocrine Unit, The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Introduction The metabolic syndrome (MES) is a cluster of risk factors including male adiposity, dyslipidemia, reduced glucose tolerance and hypertension. MES is highly prevalent and increasing in most parts of the world (1) . A meta-analysis has
School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Introduction Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that occur together in individuals ( 1 ). It is diagnosed when the individual has three or more of its components (central obesity, hypertension
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, the mechanisms that explain the sex differences in response to obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) are not well understood ( 4 ). It is essential to clarify the effect of sex on the incidence of these diseases and offer
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Introduction Metabolic syndrome in humans was first described almost 50 years ago by Camus (1) , but there was little interest in this disease until the late 1980s, when it gained new attention as ‘syndrome X’ or ‘the deadly quartet’ (2, 3
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levels and HbA1c ( 11 , 13 ). Hypoandrogenism in men and hyperandrogenism in women (e.g., the polycystic ovary syndrome) have been linked to insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome ( 13 , 14 ). In one report, SHBG levels predicted the development
Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Institute of Genetic Medicine to Translational & Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Non-communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa
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Introduction Elevated waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol often cluster together as components of metabolic syndrome ( 1 ). Chronic exposure to excess
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development of gestational diabetes (GDM) cases ( 1 ). Epidemiological evidence has consistently shown that among mothers with prior history of GDM, 30–84% of them had GDM recurrence in subsequent pregnancies ( 2 ), 20–40% developed metabolic syndrome (MetS
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comparison to eumenorrheic controls. The relationship of depressive symptoms, HRQoL, and clinical phenotype of PCOS (clinical and biochemical hyperandrogenism (HA), simple and central obesity, insulin resistance (IR), lipid disturbances, metabolic syndrome
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Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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calcium along with an increase in adipocyte fatty acid synthase and glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase activities and lipolysis inhibition ( 28 ). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial condition, having central obesity as a causative factor