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prevalence of 1:200 to 1:1000 ( 4 ), and is typically diagnosed during workup of early puberty or due to symptoms of mild hyperandrogenism including hirsutism and acne in females ( 5 ). The goal of treatment is first, to replace deficient hormones, and
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EHESP-School of Public Health, Rennes, France
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Inserm (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale), Irset – Inserm, UMR 1085, Rennes, France
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addressing comparative questions in females have, however, been largely lacking. To our knowledge, only one mouse study published in 1992 addresses this issue, showing that prenatal exposure to a high dose of APAP (1430 mg/kg/day) administrated in the diet
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suppositories (VAG-PN) may be an alternative administration form. In an anonymous survey of 18 females with AI immediately following training in self-injection of GCs, 28% ( n = 5) preferred vaginal administration of a suppository over GC injection (own
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Endocrine Department, Elias Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
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function after chemotherapy does not always imply fertility restoration ( 36 ). A prospective observational study performed by Huser and coworkers involving 108 females newly diagnosed with HL who were treated with different types of chemotherapy while
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Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Centre for Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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-sectional study carried out in a sample of 302 postmenopausal women (age ≥50 years) in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, (August 2018 to September 2019). Sample size calculation The total number of females of age range between 50 and 79 years in the western area of
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Introduction Macroprolactinomas constitute approximately half of all the functioning pituitary macroadenomas (1) . Prolactinoma (majority being microprolactinoma) are usually diagnosed in women aged 20–50 years, with a female:male ratio of 10
Wildlife Reproductive Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia
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Wildlife Reproductive Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Taronga Conservation Society Australia, Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia
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have not found the evidence that mean cortisol levels differ between cyclic and acyclic females (21, 24) . However, this does not rule out the possibility that more fine-scale patterns of cortisol expression are disrupted in non-cycling elephants. Mean
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, AKT and P70S6K1 in adipose tissue and the gastrocnemius muscle in a MS model, induced with a high-sucrose diet in male and female rats. Material and methods We obtained reagents as follows: HEPES, oil red-O, EGTA and collagenase from Merck
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). Leptin is critical in reproduction, allowing pubertal development ( 23 , 24 ) as well as regulating testis development ( 25 ) and ovarian follicle development ( 26 ). Leptin is known to circulate at higher concentrations in females than males in
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tissues, particularly on adipose tissue. The sexual dimorphism of androgens in the pathophysiology of T2DM is emphasized. Sex hormone differences between the sexes Males and females produce the same steroid hormones in a similar way. Regarding