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Ann-Kristin Picke Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Graeme Campbell Institute of Biomechanics, TUHH Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany

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Nicola Napoli Diabetes and Bone Network, Department Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA

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Lorenz C Hofbauer Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Martina Rauner Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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2, the key transporter mediating glucose reabsorption by the kidney), thereby increasing urinary glucose excretion ( 164 , 165 ). The first three SGLT2 inhibitors released in the market, namely canagliflozin, empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, have

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Run-Qing Xiong Department of Ultrasonic Imaging, Xiamen Medical College Affiliated Second Hospital, Fujian, China

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Yan-Ping Li Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian, China

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Lu-Ping Lin Department of Endocrinology, Xiamen Medical College Affiliated Second Hospital, Fujian, China

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Jeng-Yuan Yao Key Laboratory of Functional and Clinical Translational Medicine, Fujian Province University, Xiamen Medical College, Fujian, China

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potential mechanism of SGLT2 inhibitors cardiovascular benefit in diabetic cardiomyopathy . Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2022 9 999254 . ( https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2022.999254 ) 21 Peng M Xia T Zhong Y Zhao M Yue Y Liang L Zhong

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David Koeckerling Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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Jeremy W Tomlinson Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

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Jeremy F Cobbold Oxford Liver Unit, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK

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reduction and cardiovascular event incidence ( 91 , 92 ). The safety and efficacy of semaglutide in NAFLD is being investigated in phase II clinical trials. Sodium-glucose transport protein-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors impede renal glucose reabsorption, serving

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Aldo Bonaventura Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy

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Fabrizio Montecucco Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy

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Franco Dallegri Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy

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hypoglycemia (31% lower) (76) . The frequency of hypoglycemia with new GLDs, such as incretins and SGLT2 inhibitors, is very low (77) . Results of some trials indicated the efficacy of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4 inhibitors in improving glycemic control

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Chunliang Yang Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Junyi Li Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Fei Sun The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Haifeng Zhou Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Jia Yang Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

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Chao Yang Department of Gerontology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China

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enteral glucose absorption (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors) and increasing renal glucose excretion (SGLT-2 inhibitors). When mono-drug therapy fails, various combinations of drug administration are required for different clinical conditions. In worsened

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Peter Wolf Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Yvonne Winhofer Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Martin Krššák Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Michael Krebs Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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. Another question to be addressed in the future is if novel drug approaches for metabolic diseases, such as sodium-glucose-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors or glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs that improve cardiovascular outcome in patients suffering

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Iben Rix Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Zealand Pharma A/S, Søborg, Denmark

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Marie L Johansen Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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Asger Lund Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

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Malte P Suppli Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

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Elizaveta Chabanova Department of Radiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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Gerrit van Hall Clinical Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens J Holst Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Caroline Kistorp Department of Endocrinology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Filip K Knop Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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(2597–3021) 0.91 Diabetes medication, n (%)  Metformin 91 (82.7%) 46 (79.3%) 45 (86.5%) 0.32  SGLT-2 inhibitor 18 (16.4%) 7 (12.1%) 11 (21.2%) 0.20  Sulphonylurea 11 (10.0%) 4 (6.9%) 7 (13.5%) 0

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Jonathan Hazlehurst Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Bernard Khoo Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK

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Carolina Brito Lobato Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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Ibiyemi Ilesanmi Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Sally Abbott Department of Dietetics, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK

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Tin Chan Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong

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Sanesh Pillai Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK

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Kate Maslin School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK

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Sanjay Purkayastha Brunel University, London, UK
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK

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Barbara McGowan Endocrinology, Guys’ and St Thomas’s NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Rob Andrews University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, UK

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Eveleigh Nicholson Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK

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Katherine McCullough Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, UK

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Lorraine Albon University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Worthing, UK

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Rachel Batterham Endocrinology, Division of Medicine, University College London, London, UK

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Georgios K Dimitriadis King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

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Shareen Forbes BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Gavin Bewick School of Life Course Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK

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Tricia M-M Tan Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK

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for the latter, but at present, there are no recorded studies or trials of this medication for PBH. In one trial conducted on a small number of people with symptomatic PBH, empagliflozin (a selective SGLT-2 inhibitor) reduced peak postprandial

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M Guftar Shaikh Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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Timothy G Barrett Department of Endocrinology, Birmingham Womens and Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK
Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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Nicola Bridges Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK

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Robin Chung Research Working Group, Prader-Willi Syndrome Association, Northampton, UK

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Evelien F Gevers Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Royal London Hospital, London, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Anthony P Goldstone PsychoNeuroEndocrinologyResearch Group, Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK

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Anthony Holland Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

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Shankar Kanumakala Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton, UK

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Ruth Krone Department of Endocrinology, Birmingham Womens and Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Andreas Kyriakou Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Makarios Children's Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus

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E Anne Livesey Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton, UK
Sussex Community NHS Trust, Brighton, UK

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Angela K Lucas-Herald Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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Christina Meade CHI at Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland

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Susan Passmore Prader-Willi Syndrome Association, Northampton, UK

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Edna Roche CHI at Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
The University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland

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Chris Smith Royal Alexandra Children’s Hospital, Brighton, UK

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Sarita Soni Learning Disability Psychiatry, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, UK

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tirzepatide. Sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are often used in adults with T2DM, promoting weight loss as a result of energy loss through increased glycosuria, and are now also recommended for the treatment of T2DM in CA ( 158 ). There have

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