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Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
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Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
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, normal GH secretion is important to avoid progression of hypoglycemic episodes into severe hypoglycemia. GH is reflected by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), which is used to evaluate the GH axis, because GH has great diurnal variation. Total IGF1 has
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Introduction The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF1 and IGF2, are important regulators of placental and foetal development, as well as postnatal growth and metabolism. In humans, circulating IGF1 peaks in adolescence and then falls with age
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, and experimental evidence suggests an association between IGF system components and PCa development (1) . In particular, a close functional connection has been identified between the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), a transmembrane heterotetramer primarily
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Introduction The acromegaly levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) that occur in healthy children in pubertal age have led to the speculation that this hormone may stimulate the function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–testicular (HPT
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actions can take place by binding of GH to its specific receptor (GHR), which is present in different regions of the CNS ( 24 , 25 ). GH binding can have a direct effect on the target cell ( 26 ) or can be mediated by the induction of IGF1 synthesis ( 27
Priority Research Centre for Cancer, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Priority Research Centre for Cancer, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Clinical Research Design, IT and Statistical Support Unit, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Priority Research Centre for Cancer, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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Priority Research Centre for Cancer, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
Molecular Medicine, Pathology North, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
Discipline of Medical Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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(IGF1) is a peptide hormone with important regulatory roles in cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis ( 15 , 16 ), and is also required for normal breast development ( 17 ). Epidemiological studies have shown that high circulating levels of IGF1
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Steno Diabetes Centre Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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likely related to its ability to increase insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) action. PAPP-A activates IGF1 through proteolytic cleavage of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) -2, -4 and -5, which provides IGFBP fragments with low ligand affinity. By this
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Introduction Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is due to the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) by pituitary adenomas, which stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and the long
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associated with acromegaly are a consequence of the chronic overproduction of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) (1, 8) . Systemic complications commonly associated with the chronic hypersecretion of GH and IGF1 include visceromegaly
Department of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum, Jena, Germany
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Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse, Leipzig, Germany
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Department of Women and Child Health, Hospital for Children and Adolescents and Center for Pediatric Research (CPL), University of Leipzig, Liebigstrasse, Leipzig, Germany
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-BP1/IGF-1-ratio with NT-proBNP were seen in patients with and without HF ( 4 ); in a cohort of pediatric and adult patients with Fontan physiology, higher BNP was associated with lower IGF-1 Z scores ( 5 ) and in 30 pediatric patients with congenital