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Florian W Kiefer Clinical Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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Houstek J. beta-Adrenergic stimulation of interleukin-1alpha and interleukin-6 expression in mouse brown adipocytes . FEBS Letters 1997 411 83 – 86 . ( doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00671-6 ) 76 Ikeda S Tamura Y Kakehi S Sanada H

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Nafiye Helvaci Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Erdem Karabulut Department of Biostatistics, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Ahmet Ugur Demir Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Bulent Okan Yildiz Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is among the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age. The prevalence of PCOS ranges from 5 to 15% depending on the diagnostic criteria used ( 1 , 2 ). There is a general

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Yi Wang Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Yingying Xu Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

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Rongrong Xie Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Bingyan Cao Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Yuan Ding Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Jiayun Guo Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Xiaoqiao Li Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Xiaolin Ni Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Zheng Yuan Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Linqi Chen Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Liyang Liang Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

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Chunxiu Gong Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

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Introduction Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation (ROHHAD) syndrome was first described by Fishman et al. , and renamed ROHHAD by Ize-Ludlow et al. in 2007 ( 1 , 2 ). About 40

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Eric Seidel Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, BCRT – Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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Gudrun Walenda Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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Clemens Messerschmidt Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Benedikt Obermayer Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany

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Mirko Peitzsch Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Paal Wallace Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Rohini Bahethi Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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Taekyeong Yoo Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Murim Choi Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Petra Schrade Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Vegetative Anatomie, Berlin, Germany

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Sebastian Bachmann Charité – Universitaetsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Institut für Vegetative Anatomie, Berlin, Germany

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Gerhard Liebisch Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany

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Graeme Eisenhofer Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Dieter Beule Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany

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Ute I Scholl Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, BCRT – Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin, Germany
Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
Department of Nephrology, School of Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany

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– 4019 . ( https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1205497 ) 44 Kolesnick R Golde DW . The sphingomyelin pathway in tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 signaling . Cell 1994 325 – 328 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/0092-8674(94)90147-3 ) 45 Han MS

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Fan Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Jian Chen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Xinyue Lin Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Shiqiao Peng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Xiaohui Yu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Zhongyan Shan Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Weiping Teng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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). Some stimuli, including cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1) and reactive oxygen species, can activate the JNK pathway and play an important role in regulating cell fate, including cell proliferation, gene expression and apoptosis

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Elizabeth Micks Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Research, University of Washington, Box 356460, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Greta B Raglan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Research, University of Washington, Box 356460, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Jay Schulkin Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Research, University of Washington, Box 356460, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington, USA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Research, University of Washington, Box 356460, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, Washington, USA

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, which are known to promote labor (56, 57) . NFκB is stimulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), lipopolysaccharides, and interleukin 1 beta (IL1β). Conversely, NFκB promotes the synthesis of cytokines, and

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Aleksandra Krygier Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Ewelina Szczepanek-Parulska Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Dorota Filipowicz Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Marek Ruchała Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland

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Introduction In the biochemical landscape of thyroid dysfunction, iron (Fe) homeostasis abnormalities are frequently observed ( 1 , 2 ). The prevalence of anaemia in overt hyperthyroidism was found to be higher (14.6%) than in overt

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Huguette S Brink Department of Endocrinology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Aart Jan van der Lely Department of Endocrinology, Erasmus University MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Joke van der Linden Department of Endocrinology, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Gestational diabetes (GD) is defined as any glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy. GD has a prevalence of 7% worldwide, depending on the population studied and diagnostic criteria used ( 1 ). The

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Ziting Liang Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China

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Mengge Yang Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China

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Changjuan Xu Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China

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Rong Zeng Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China

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Liang Dong Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China

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the production of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1, as well as the inflammatory reaction of macrophages while increasing the synthesis of anti-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4 and IL-10 ( 15 , 16 ). However, metformin has a

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Michael C Velarde Institute of Biology, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon, Metro Manila, Philippines

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Mikaela Erlinda M Bucu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines

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Maria Antonia E Habana Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines

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, and dyschezia ( 1 , 2 ). It has also been associated with an increased risk of asthma, autoimmune disorders, cardiovascular disease, and certain cancers ( 3 ). It is histologically characterized by the presence of functioning endometrial glands and

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