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Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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, 10 ). The established biological functions of chemerin including the recruitment of immune cells to sites of inflammation ( 3 , 9 , 11 ) and the regulation of adipogenesis, lipolysis and glucose metabolism ( 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ) have
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(101) Adrenalitis (101) Testes Semen virus detection (115) Impaired spermatogenesis (106) Direct virus effect (89, 106) Seminiferous injuries (106) Reduction in Leydig cells number (106) Inflammation (106) Ovaries Vaginal fluid
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Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Chinese University of Hong Kong-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Research Centre in Diabetes Genomics and Precision Medicine, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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(CHD) and kidney disease in diabetes ( 13 , 14 ). Besides, lipocalin-2, a well-recognized biomarker of inflammation, infection, as well as kidney damage, may accelerate the development of diabetes by promoting IR and inflammation ( 15 ). However
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secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines by unstimulated macrophages ( 26 , 27 ), a lower induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) during acute inflammation ( 5 ) and impaired macrophage function in
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State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
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shown to have other potential physiological functions in the periphery, including involvement in immune response and inflammation ( 20 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ), regulating cardiovascular function ( 27 , 28 ), and natriuresis ( 29 ). The MC3R primarily
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countered by increased glutathione provision ( 93 , 94 ). Obesity-related disorders include inflammation, which extends to tissues remote from adipose tissue (e.g. atheromatous plaque) ( 95 ). Thus, the reduced insulin secretory capacity and increased
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down-regulate the insulin pathway ( 19 ). Under conditions of nutrient overload, the increase in protein S6 kinase 1 (P70S6K1) levels in human visceral adipose tissue participates in the development of insulin resistance and inflammation ( 20 ). An
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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improve endothelial function, promote glucose uptake, increase insulin production, decrease glucagon secretion, lower glucose production, and reduce inflammation. Similarly, both glucagon and insulin promote energy storage, stimulate insulin production
Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
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Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
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Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Xiamen Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Center, Xiamen, China
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steatohepatitis (NASH), which is characterized by the ballooning of hepatocytes and inflammation ( 4 , 5 , 6 ). NAFLD is now the most common chronic liver disease with a global prevalence of nearly 25%, while the global prevalence of NASH is estimated at 3% to 5
Division of Exercise Science and Sport Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, 3 Floor Sports Science Institute of South Africa Cape Town, South Africa
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, fibrotic and inflamed adipocytes ( 25 ). We propose that the higher ERA expression in the gluteal depot of black SA women may protect these depots from adipocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis and inflammation, providing a favourable site for storage of excess