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Robert Rapaport Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Mount Sinai Kravis Children’s Hospital and Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA

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Jan M Wit Department of Pediatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Martin O Savage Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, London, UK

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. The second set of factors includes hormones, nutrition, inflammatory cytokines and extracellular fluid, and can be congenital or acquired. The best known example of an endocrine growth disorder is a defect of the GH–IGF-1 axis, but other hormonal

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A V Dreval
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I V Trigolosova
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I V Misnikova
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Y A Kovalyova
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R S Tishenina
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I A Barsukov
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A V Vinogradova
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B H R Wolffenbuttel Moscow Regional Scientific Research Clinical Institute, Department of Endocrinology, 61/2 Shepkina str., 129110 Moscow, Russia

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ECMDs to be higher than that of overt diabetes (2, 5, 6, 7) , not all studies report the same prevalence (3, 8) . The development of ECMDs and/or progression to diabetes in patients with acromegaly may depend on several factors, such as age and gender

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Avinaash Maharaj Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Ruth Kwong Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Jack Williams Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Christopher Smith Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Helen Storr Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Ruth Krone Birmingham Children’s Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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Debora Braslavsky Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas ‘Dr. Cesar Bergadá’ (CEDIE) – CONICET – FEI – División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños ‘Ricardo Gutiérrez’, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Maria Clemente Paediatric Endocrinology, Growth and Development Research Unit, Vall d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Hospital Vall d’Hebron, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain

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Nanik Ram Department of Endocrinology, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan

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Indraneel Banerjee Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Royal Manchester Children’s Hospital, Manchester, UK

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Semra Çetinkaya Health Sciences University, Dr. Sami Ulus Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Children’s Health and Disease Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey

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Federica Buonocore Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK

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Tülay Güran Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Marmara University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey

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John C Achermann Genetics and Genomic Medicine Research and Teaching Department, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK

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Louise Metherell Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Rathi Prasad Centre for Endocrinology, John Vane Science Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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replacement for endocrine dysfunction remain the mainstay of treatment. Exogenous administration of pyridoxine (Vitamin B6), a co-factor for S1P lyase, demonstrates some improvements in immunological profiles and absolute lymphocyte counts, for patients with

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Mette Bøgehave Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

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Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
OPEN, Open Patient data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Jørgen Brodersen Gram Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

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Else-Marie Bladbjerg Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

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Marianne Skovsager Andersen Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Johannes Jakobsen Sidelmann Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital South West Jutland, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark

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, physiological doses of testosterone to elderly men with hypogonadism induce no significant change in the coagulation system in terms of tissue factor (TF)-induced thrombin generation ( 20 ), whereas another study in men without hypogonadism points towards a TRT

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Savi R Shishkov Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Varna, Clinic of Endocrinology, UMHAT “Sveta Marina”, Varna, Bulgaria
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Luigi Tuccillo Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Naples, Italy

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Violeta M Iotova Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Varna, First Pediatric Clinic with Intensive Care, UMHAT “Sveta Marina”, Varna, Bulgaria

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Rosario Pivonello Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Naples, Italy

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Iris CM Pelsma Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Alberto M Pereira Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands

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Nienke R Biermasz Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Adult Chair of MTG Pituitary of Endo-ERN

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the Endo-ERN Reference Centers of the Main Thematic Group: Hypothalamic and Pituitary Conditions, Endo-ERN Pituitary Transition of Care Study Group
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the Endo-ERN Reference Centers of the Main Thematic Group: Hypothalamic and Pituitary Conditions, Endo-ERN Pituitary Transition of Care Study Group

uniformity and (quality) standards of care. Currently, a well-structured and evidence-based transition of care protocol for patients with pituitary diseases is lacking worldwide. The commitment of the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions

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Wei Sun Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Boyuan Zheng Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Zhihong Wang Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Wenwu Dong Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Yuan Qin Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Hao Zhang Department of Thyroid Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Introduction The most prevalent endocrine malignancy is thyroid cancer, which accounts for 1% of all malignancies. Recently, morbidity caused by thyroid cancer has increased by three-fold ( 1 , 2 ). Histologically, the most common type of

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Jung Soo Lim Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine, Wonju Severance Christian Hospital, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Gangwon-do, South Korea

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Seung-Eun Lee Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea

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Jung Hee Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-gu, Seoul, South Korea

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Jae Hyeon Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea

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The Korean Adrenal Gland and Endocrine Hypertension Study Group, Korean Endocrine Society
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), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 ( 13 ), Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome ( 14 ), Lynch syndrome ( 15 ), and others ( 16 ). Moreover, at least 50–60% of those with ACC show clinical hormone excess; the most common form is hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome

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Victoria Chatzimavridou-Grigoriadou Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester, UK

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Lisa H Barraclough Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, School of Medical Sciences, Manchester, UK

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Rohit Kochhar Department of Clinical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Lucy Buckley Department of Radiology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Nooreen Alam Department of Radiotherapy, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK

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Claire E Higham Department of Endocrinology, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK

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). Osteoporosis and low BMD prior or following radiotherapy have been suggested as risk factors for RRIFs ( 9 , 10 , 11 ). However, a definite correlation has not been confirmed, with some studies showing no differences in BMD between the irradiated and non

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Monia Cito Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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Silvia Pellegrini Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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Lorenzo Piemonti Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

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Valeria Sordi Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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gastrointestinal cells can be reprogrammed into insulin-producing cells through expression or deletion of some transcription factors. Recent studies showed that intestinal cells gave rise to functional β-like cells by endocrine-specific ablation of Forkhead box

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Meghnaa Hebbar College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Halimah Khalil College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Nawal Zia College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Jameela Sheikh College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Eka Melson University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom

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Meri Davitadze Clinic NeoLab, Tbilisi, Georgia

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Helena Gleeson Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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Tejal Lathia Apollo Hospitals, Mumbai, India

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Chitra Selvan Department of Endocrinology, M S Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, India

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Punith Kempegowda Clinic NeoLab, Tbilisi, Georgia
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

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PCOS SEva Working Group
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PCOS SEva Working Group

clinic consultation. Patients are also screened and advised for lifestyle factors: healthy diet, exercise, smoking cessation, and alcohol consumption. Bengaluru, India. This is a tertiary Reproductive Endocrine clinic in a private setting with a

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