Search Results

You are looking at 101 - 110 of 311 items for :

Clear All
Thomas Reinehr Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Children’s Hospital, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany

Search for other papers by Thomas Reinehr in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Martin Carlsson Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

Search for other papers by Martin Carlsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Dionisios Chrysis Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

Search for other papers by Dionisios Chrysis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Cecilia Camacho-Hübner Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

Search for other papers by Cecilia Camacho-Hübner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

.ghir.2008.08.001 ) 18 Marshall WA Tanner JM . Variations in pattern of pubertal changes in girls . Archives of Disease in Childhood 1969 44 291 – 303 . ( https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.44.235.291 ) 19 Marshall WA Tanner JM . Variations in

Open access
Emanuelle Nunes-Souza Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Emanuelle Nunes-Souza in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mônica Evelise Silveira Laboratório Central de Análises Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

Search for other papers by Mônica Evelise Silveira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Monalisa Castilho Mendes Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Monalisa Castilho Mendes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Seigo Nagashima Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, General Carneiro, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Medicina, PUC-PR, Prado Velho, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Seigo Nagashima in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Caroline Busatta Vaz de Paula Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, General Carneiro, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Medicina, PUC-PR, Prado Velho, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Caroline Busatta Vaz de Paula in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Guilherme Guilherme Vieira Cavalcante da Silva Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, General Carneiro, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Medicina, PUC-PR, Prado Velho, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Guilherme Guilherme Vieira Cavalcante da Silva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Giovanna Silva Barbosa Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, General Carneiro, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Medicina, PUC-PR, Prado Velho, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Giovanna Silva Barbosa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Julia Belgrowicz Martins Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Julia Belgrowicz Martins in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Lúcia de Noronha Serviço de Anatomia Patológica, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, General Carneiro, Alto da Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Medicina, PUC-PR, Prado Velho, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Lúcia de Noronha in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Luana Lenzi Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

Search for other papers by Luana Lenzi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
José Renato Sales Barbosa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by José Renato Sales Barbosa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rayssa Danilow Fachin Donin Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Rayssa Danilow Fachin Donin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Juliana Ferreira de Moura Pós Graduação em Microbiologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Departamento de Patologia Básica – UFPR, Curitiba, Brazil

Search for other papers by Juliana Ferreira de Moura in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Gislaine Custódio Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Laboratório Central de Análises Clínicas, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Centro, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

Search for other papers by Gislaine Custódio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Cleber Machado-Souza Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil

Search for other papers by Cleber Machado-Souza in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Enzo Lalli Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire CNRS, Sophia Antipolis, Valbonne, France

Search for other papers by Enzo Lalli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Bonald Cavalcante de Figueiredo Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Água Verde, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Rebouças, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Centro de Genética Molecular e Pesquisa do Câncer em Crianças (CEGEMPAC) at Universidade Federal do Paraná, Agostinho Leão Jr., Glória, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil
Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil

Search for other papers by Bonald Cavalcante de Figueiredo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Utriainen P Jääskeläinen J Romppanen J Voutilainen R Childhood metabolic syndrome and its components in premature adrenarche . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2007 92 4282 – 4285 . ( https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-2412 ) 9

Open access
Ekaterina Koledova Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Search for other papers by Ekaterina Koledova in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
George Stoyanov Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Search for other papers by George Stoyanov in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Leroy Ovbude Business & Decision Life Sciences, Brussels, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium

Search for other papers by Leroy Ovbude in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Peter S W Davies Children’s Nutrition Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

Search for other papers by Peter S W Davies in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

.1159/000281323 6 Kappoor R Burke S Sparrow S Hughes I Dunger D Ong K Acerini C. Monitoring of concordance in growth hormone therapy . Archives of Disease in Childhood 2008 93 147 – 148 . ( https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2006.114249 ) 10.1136/adc

Open access
Olli Helminen Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Group, Medical Research Center, Oulu University, Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Surgery Research Unit, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland

Search for other papers by Olli Helminen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tytti Pokka Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Group, Medical Research Center, Oulu University, Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Search for other papers by Tytti Pokka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Susanna Aspholm Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland

Search for other papers by Susanna Aspholm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jorma Ilonen Immunogenetics Laboratory, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

Search for other papers by Jorma Ilonen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Olli G Simell Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland

Search for other papers by Olli G Simell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mikael Knip Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
Pediatric Research Center, New Children’s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Search for other papers by Mikael Knip in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Riitta Veijola Department of Pediatrics, PEDEGO Research Group, Medical Research Center, Oulu University, Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland

Search for other papers by Riitta Veijola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Introduction Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. The incidence rate has been rising throughout the Western world ( 1 ). The incidence is highest in Finland, in 2006 as high as 64.3 per 100,000 children

Open access
Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jakob Albrethsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Jakob Albrethsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Vassos Neocleous The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus

Search for other papers by Vassos Neocleous in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Federico Baronio S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna, Italy

Search for other papers by Federico Baronio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Martine Cools Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Search for other papers by Martine Cools in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Lise Aksglaede Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Niels Jørgensen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Peter Christiansen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Peter Christiansen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Meropi Toumba The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus

Search for other papers by Meropi Toumba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Pavlos Fanis The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus

Search for other papers by Pavlos Fanis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) which may be present already in childhood and adolescence ( 4 ). The presence of TART constitutes a diagnostic and management challenge. Usually, TARTs are bilaterally localized, benign tumors that have been assumed to derive

Open access
Nobuo Matsuura Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Nobuo Matsuura in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tadashi Kaname Department of Genome Medicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Tadashi Kaname in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Norio Niikawa Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Sapporo, Japan

Search for other papers by Norio Niikawa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yoshihide Ooyama Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Yoshihide Ooyama in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Osamu Shinohara Shinohara Child Clinic, Machida, Japan

Search for other papers by Osamu Shinohara in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yukifumi Yokota Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Yukifumi Yokota in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shigeyuki Ohtsu Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Shigeyuki Ohtsu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Noriyuki Takubo Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Noriyuki Takubo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kazuteru Kitsuda Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Kazuteru Kitsuda in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Keiko Shibayama Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Keiko Shibayama in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Fumio Takada Department of Medical Genetics, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Science, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Fumio Takada in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Akemi Koike Miyanosawa Child Clinic, Sapporo, Japan

Search for other papers by Akemi Koike in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hitomi Sano Department of Pediatric, Sapporo City General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan

Search for other papers by Hitomi Sano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yoshiya Ito Department of Clinical Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Hospital Collage of Nursing, Kitami, Japan

Search for other papers by Yoshiya Ito in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Kenji Ishikura Department of Pediatrics, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan

Search for other papers by Kenji Ishikura in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

. Figure 1 Hand X-rays of patients A-1 in childhood and adulthood and B-1 in adulthood. Unlike in B-1, there is severe shortening of metacarpal and phalangeal bones and cone-shaped epiphyses in case A-1, in which a PDE4D pathogenic variant was

Open access
Sebastian Franik Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Sebastian Franik in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kathrin Fleischer Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Kathrin Fleischer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Barbara Kortmann Department of Pediatric Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Barbara Kortmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nike M Stikkelbroeck Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Nike M Stikkelbroeck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kathleen D’Hauwers Department of Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Kathleen D’Hauwers in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Claire Bouvattier Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris Sud University, France

Search for other papers by Claire Bouvattier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Poland

Search for other papers by Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Solange Grunenwald Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, France

Search for other papers by Solange Grunenwald in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tim van de Grift Departments of Plastic Surgery and Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Tim van de Grift in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Audrey Cartault Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Des Enfants, Toulouse, France

Search for other papers by Audrey Cartault in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Annette Richter-Unruh Kinderendokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitätsklinikum Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Kinderklinik, Bochum, Germany

Search for other papers by Annette Richter-Unruh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nicole Reisch Department of Endocrinology, Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany

Search for other papers by Nicole Reisch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ute Thyen Klinik fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitat zu Lubeck, Ratzeburger Allee, Lubeck, Germany

Search for other papers by Ute Thyen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Joanna IntHout Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Joanna IntHout in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
the dsd-LIFE group
Search for other papers by the dsd-LIFE group in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
the dsd-LIFE group

‘Are you on testosterone therapy at present? SC Yes No Age at diagnosis ‘At what age was your condition diagnosed?’ SC Before birth At birth (0–1 month) Infancy (1 month–3 years) Childhood (4

Open access
Yi Wang Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Yi Wang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yingying Xu Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Yingying Xu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rongrong Xie Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

Search for other papers by Rongrong Xie in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bingyan Cao Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Bingyan Cao in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yuan Ding Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Yuan Ding in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jiayun Guo Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Jiayun Guo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xiaoqiao Li Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Xiaoqiao Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xiaolin Ni Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Xiaolin Ni in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Zheng Yuan Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Zheng Yuan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Linqi Chen Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

Search for other papers by Linqi Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Liyang Liang Department of Pediatrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Liyang Liang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Chunxiu Gong Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China

Search for other papers by Chunxiu Gong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

-Mayer DE . Rapid-onset obesity with hypothalamic dysfunction, hypoventilation, and autonomic dysregulation presenting in childhood . Pediatrics 2007 120 e179 – e188 . ( https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2006-3324 ) 3 Bougneres P Pantalone L Linglart A

Open access
Maki Igarashi Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Maki Igarashi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tadayuki Ayabe Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Tadayuki Ayabe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Keiko Matsubara Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Keiko Matsubara in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hatoko Sasaki Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Hatoko Sasaki in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mayako Saito-Abe Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Mayako Saito-Abe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Miori Sato Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Miori Sato in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nathan Mise Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan

Search for other papers by Nathan Mise in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Akihiko Ikegami Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan

Search for other papers by Akihiko Ikegami in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Masayuki Shimono Regional Center for Pilot Study of Japan Environment and Children’s Study, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

Search for other papers by Masayuki Shimono in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Reiko Suga Regional Center for Pilot Study of Japan Environment and Children’s Study, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan

Search for other papers by Reiko Suga in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shouichi Ohga Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan

Search for other papers by Shouichi Ohga in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Masafumi Sanefuji Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan

Search for other papers by Masafumi Sanefuji in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Masako Oda Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan

Search for other papers by Masako Oda in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hiroshi Mitsubuchi Department of Neonatology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan

Search for other papers by Hiroshi Mitsubuchi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Takehiro Michikawa Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Search for other papers by Takehiro Michikawa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shin Yamazaki Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Search for other papers by Shin Yamazaki in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shoji Nakayama Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Search for other papers by Shoji Nakayama in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yukihiro Ohya Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Yukihiro Ohya in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Maki Fukami Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan

Search for other papers by Maki Fukami in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

. Further studies are necessary to clarify whether sex hormone production in childhood is associated with sexual maturation during puberty or reproductive function in adulthood. In conclusion, the results show that sexual dimorphism in sex hormone

Open access
Jennifer K Y Ko Department of Women’s Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK

Search for other papers by Jennifer K Y Ko in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Thomas F J King Department of Women’s Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK

Search for other papers by Thomas F J King in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Louise Williams Department of Women’s Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK

Search for other papers by Louise Williams in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sarah M Creighton Department of Women’s Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK

Search for other papers by Sarah M Creighton in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Gerard S Conway Department of Women’s Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK

Search for other papers by Gerard S Conway in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

during foetal development. Common clinical presentations include inguinal or labial hernia in childhood or primary amenorrhoea in adolescence ( 1 ). CAIS may also present through screening after a family member is affected or discordance between prenatal

Open access