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Stefan Pilz Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Armin Zittermann Clinic for Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Herz- und Diabeteszentrum NRW, Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany

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Christian Trummer Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Verena Theiler-Schwetz Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Elisabeth Lerchbaum Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Martin H Keppel University Institute for Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria

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Martin R Grübler Department of Cardiology, Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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Winfried März Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Medical Clinic V (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology, Diabetology), Medical Faculty Mannheim, Ruperto-Carola University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
Synlab Medical Center of Human Genetics Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany

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Marlene Pandis Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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, 36 ). Vitamin D has a critical role in the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism by effects on the intestine, bone and the kidneys. Breaking it down to a simple concept, an adequate vitamin D status is required to maintain normal calcium and

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0432
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 2
Open access
Marie Freel Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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-specialist clinicians and delay the appropriate treatment of this common and potentially life-threatening condition. Acute hypocalcaemia ( 5 ) and hypercalcaemia ( 6 ): disorders of calcium regulation are the second most common electrolyte disorder requiring endocrine

Article Type:
Editorial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0068
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 5
Open access
Irfan Vardarli Department of Medicine I, Klinikum Vest, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Recklinghausen, Academic Teaching Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Recklinghausen, Germany

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Manuel Weber Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany

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Frank Weidemann Department of Medicine I, Klinikum Vest, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Recklinghausen, Academic Teaching Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Recklinghausen, Germany

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Dagmar Führer Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory Research; Endocrine Tumor Center at WTZ/Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Ken Herrmann Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany

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Rainer Görges Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany

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://www.nuklearmedizin.de/jahrestagungen/abstr_online2020/abstract_search.php?navId=227 ; accessed December 18, 2020) were also searched. Studies meeting the following inclusion criteria were included: routine calcitonin measurement in serum (with or without a pentagastrin or calcium stimulation test) was

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0030
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 3
Open access
Sarah Bakhamis Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Faiqa Imtiaz Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Khushnooda Ramzan Centre for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Edward De Vol Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Scientific Computing, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Osamah Al-Sagheir Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Abdulrahman Al-Rajhi Department of Orthopedics, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Abdullah Alashwal Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Bassam Bin Abbas Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Nadia Sakati Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Afaf Al-Sagheir Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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high dose of vitamin D therapy (50,000 IU/week for 8–12 weeks) along with an oral calcium supplement of 50 mg/kg, and their response to treatment was monitored. Compliance was tracked by contacting the patients and by monitoring the patients’ medication

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0102
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 7
Open access
Laura P B Elbers Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Marije Wijnberge Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Joost C M Meijers Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Dennis C W Poland Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Dees P M Brandjes Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Eric Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Victor E A Gerdes Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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/day, aimed at achieving blood levels of 25-OH-D above 30 ng/mL (75 nmol/L)) ( 10 ). Laboratory tests Blood samples were collected in a 3.5 mL serum tube (BD Vacutainer, Plymouth, UK) for direct assessment of levels of vitamin D, PTH, calcium

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0249
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 2
Open access
Eliana Piantanida Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Daniela Gallo Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Giovanni Veronesi Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Eugenia Dozio Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Eugenia Trotti Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Adriana Lai Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Silvia Ippolito Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Jessica Sabatino Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Maria Laura Tanda Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Antonio Toniolo Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Marco Ferrario Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
Research Center in Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine (EPIMED), University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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Luigi Bartalena Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy

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1,25(OH) 2 D (or calcitriol) in the kidney ( 3 ). Decrease in serum calcium/vitamin D concentrations directly induces the secretion of PTH that influences 25(OH)D activation. 1,25(OH) 2 D promotes intestinal and renal absorption of calcium and acts

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0304
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 8
Open access
Maria Luisa Brandi Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Fondazione Italiana Ricerca sulle Malattie dell’Osso (FIRMO Onlus), Florence, Italy

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Stefania Bandinelli Geriatric Unit, Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy

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Teresa Iantomasi Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

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Francesca Giusti Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

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Eleonora Talluri Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

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Giovanna Sini Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy

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Fabrizio Nannipieri Clinical Research, Abiogen Pharma, Pisa, Italy

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Santina Battaglia Clinical Research, Abiogen Pharma, Pisa, Italy

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Riccardo Giusti Clinical Research, Abiogen Pharma, Pisa, Italy

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Colin Gerard Egan CE Medical Writing SRLS, Pisa, Italy

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Luigi Ferrucci Longitudinal Study Section, Translation Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

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Introduction Vitamin D is essential for the homeostatic regulation of calcium ( 1 ), and reduced vitamin D intake or inadequate levels can impact upon bone metabolism leading to increased parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion and increased bone

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Bone and Mineral Metabolism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0571
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 3
Open access
J A Tamblyn Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK

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C Jenkinson Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

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D P Larner Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK

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M Hewison Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK

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M D Kilby Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Birmingham Women’s Foundation Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK

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metabolism of 25(OH)D3 to 1,25(OH) 2 D3 may also be secondary to decreased total serum calcium concentrations, which arise during normal human pregnancy ( 49 ). Within the context of PET, serum calcium concentrations are usually significantly reduced ( 50

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0308
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Open access
Zhiyan Yu Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yueyue Wu Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Rui Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yue Li Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Shufei Zang Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jun Liu Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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families and society. Numerous risk factors for osteoporosis include obesity, advanced age, menopause, diabetes, calcium and vitamin D deficiency, low body weight, inappropriate secretion of parathyroid hormone, hypercalciuria, low insulin-like growth

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0174
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 11
Open access
Lizhi Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Endocrinology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Jinwei He Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

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Xiang Sun Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai, China

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Dongyue Pang Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Jingjing Hu Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Bo Feng Department of Endocrinology, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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signed informed consent forms. BMD and other clinical data were analyzed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (i) natural menopause for more than 1 year and (ii) no anti-osteoporotic treatment (except for calcium and vitamin D supplementation). The

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Bone and Mineral Metabolism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0583
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access