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Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Agnieszka Nikołajuk Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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Magdalena Stefanowicz Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Natalia Matulewicz Department of Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Irina Kowalska Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland

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Marek Strączkowski Department of Prophylaxis of Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland

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had no clinical and laboratory signs of inflammation and had not taken anti-inflammatory drugs within the last 3 months. A standard oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed and all subjects had normal glucose tolerance according to World Health

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Yali Cheng Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Qiaoying Lv Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bingying Xie Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bingyi Yang Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Weiwei Shan Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Chengcheng Ning Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bing Li Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Liying Xie Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Chao Gu Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xuezhen Luo Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaojun Chen Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Qin Zhu Department of Pathology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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) biosynthesis and estrogen receptor to increase the estrogen sensitivity in local endometrium. Mechanistically, chronic inflammation induced by insulin resistance might be the key modulator for estrogen activity ( 8 ). Studies demonstrated that increased IL6

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Thorben Hoffmann Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Yousef Ashraf Tawfik Morcos Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Ruth Janoschek Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Eva-Maria Turnwald Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Antje Gerken Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Annette Müller Center for Pediatric Pathology at the University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Gerhard Sengle Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Cologne, Germany

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Jörg Dötsch Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Sarah Appel Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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Eva Hucklenbruch-Rother Department of Pediatrics, and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

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( 27 ). Furthermore, we detected asprosin in decidual cells in the maternal side of the placenta, which are also known to play a role in immune regulation ( 28 ). Since asprosin seems to play a role in inflammation in other tissues ( 29 , 30 ), it may

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Legh Wilkinson Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Nicolette J D Verhoog Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Ann Louw Department of Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa

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Introduction Due to the interrelatedness of the stress and inflammatory responses, chronic persistent inflammation may be considered both a cause and a consequence of a prolonged disruption of the central HPA axis, a systemic signalling

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Xue-Jiao Yang School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Le-Yang Zhang Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Qing-Hua Ma The 3rd People’s Hospital of Xiangcheng District, Suzhou, China

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Hong-Peng Sun School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Yong Xu School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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Xing Chen Department of Children Health Care, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China

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Chen-Wei Pan School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

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. Platelet parameters may be promising biomarkers for predicting early signs of metabolic abnormalities. The pathophysiology of MetS includes inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction and triggers platelet hyperactivity

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Selina Mäkinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
University of Helsinki, Department of Medicine, and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Yen H Nguyen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
University of Helsinki, Department of Medicine, and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Paulina Skrobuk Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
University of Helsinki, Department of Medicine, and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Heikki A Koistinen Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
University of Helsinki, Department of Medicine, and Abdominal Center, Endocrinology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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beneficial effects of oleate on palmitate-induced ER stress, inflammation and insulin resistance ( 31 ). These data suggest that the protective effects of oleate may be mediated via AMPK activation. In agreement, we observed increased AMPK phosphorylation in

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Qi Che Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xirong Xiao Department of Obstetrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jun Xu Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Miao Liu Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yongning Lu Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Suying Liu Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xi Dong Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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are important contributors to worse clinical outcomes of malignant tumors ( 8 ). The pro-tumorigenic behaviors of IL-6 cytokine family members are initiated by cancer cell activities or indirect effects, such as regulation of inflammation

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Ann-Kristin Picke Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany

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Graeme Campbell Institute of Biomechanics, TUHH Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany

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Nicola Napoli Diabetes and Bone Network, Department Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA

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Lorenz C Hofbauer Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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Martina Rauner Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

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T2DM leading to bone marrow adiposity and increased expression of cytokines and chemokines as well as to an elevated amount of free unsaturated fatty acids. (3) This results in increased inflammation leading to accumulation of pro-inflammatory M1

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E R Polina Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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F M Oliveira Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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R C Sbruzzi Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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D Crispim Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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L H Canani Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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K G Santos Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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biochemical pathways that induce inflammation and oxidative stress, thus leading to blood-retinal barrier breakdown, pericyte loss, neuronal death and angiogenesis ( 3 ). miRNAs are small ncRNA molecules that regulate gene expression mainly through the

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S Westra Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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Y H M Krul-Poel Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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H J van Wijland Department of General Practice, DIAZON, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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M M ter Wee Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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F Stam Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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P Lips Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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F Pouwer Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands

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S Simsek Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands

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oxidative stress, vitamin D may influence low-grade systemic inflammation, which is linked to both depressive symptoms and insulin resistance ( 20 , 21 ). Another possible link between vitamin D status and depressive symptoms is an elevated parathyroid

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