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Giuseppe Grande Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Andrea Graziani Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Antonella Di Mambro Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Riccardo Selice Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Alberto Ferlin Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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endocortical apposition ( 39 ). Moreover, men gain more bone mass during growth and lose less of it during aging than women. The traditional hypothesis is that in males androgens stimulate periosteal bone formation, whereas estrogens in females inhibit

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0058
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 8
Open access
Mojca Jensterle Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Nika Aleksandra Kravos Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Simona Ferjan Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Katja Goricar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Vita Dolzan University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Andrej Janez Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Introduction Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) brings significant heterogeneity of cardio-metabolic risk at the time of the confirmed diagnosis ( 1 ). Obesity, menstrual irregularity and hyperandrogenism are recognized as the most important

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0449
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 1
Open access
Xia Wu Department of Endocrinology, Jing’an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai (Huashan Hospital Fudan University Jing’an Branch), Shanghai, China

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Zhiling Li Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Children’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Wenjiang Sun Department of Rehabilitation, Shanghai General Hospital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

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Huan Zheng Department of Cardiology, Worldpath Clinic International, Shanghai, China

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-C, LDL-C, TG, creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), TT (total testosterone), and Hcy levels were recorded. Hcy values were determined with an assay kit (MAKER, China) based

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0224
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access
Hyunjae Lee Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Tae-Shin Kim Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Ja-Yoon Gu Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Mi Ran Yu Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Seung-Eun Lee Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Eun Sook Kim Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan, Republic of Korea

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Hyun Kyung Kim Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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thyroid-stimulating hormone were observed between the two groups. The level of triiodothyronine was not measured in five patients without recurrence. The level of neutrophil elastase was significantly higher in patients with recurrence (median, 116.7 ng

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0400
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 12
Open access
Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Magda Lambaa Altinok Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Pernille Ravn Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Kurt Bjerregaard Stage Department of Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Kurt Højlund Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Marianne Andersen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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increased ovarian and adrenal androgen production ( 1 ). Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulated cortisol and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels (17OHP) and urinary cortisol secretion were increased in women with PCOS vs controls ( 7 , 8 ), suggesting

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0077
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 3
Open access
Clarissa Souza Barthem Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Camila Lüdke Rossetti Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Denise P Carvalho Laboratório de Fisiologia Endócrina Doris Rosenthal, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Wagner Seixas da-Silva Laboratório de Adaptações Metabólicas, Programa de Bioquímica e Biofísica Celular, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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increased levels of serum triglycerides or reduced levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Postmenopausal women have an elevated risk of developing metabolic syndrome compared to premenopausal women ( 1 ). In menopause, there is a reduction of ovarian

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0470
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 12
Open access
Jan-Bernd Stukenborg NORDFERTIL Research Lab Stockholm, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Kirsi Jahnukainen NORDFERTIL Research Lab Stockholm, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Division of Haematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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Marsida Hutka MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK

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Rod T Mitchell MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
Edinburgh Royal Hospital for Sick Children, Edinburgh, UK

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testicular development and function Secretion of gonadotrophins, luteinising hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), from the pituitary gland is responsible for regulating hormonal control of the testis in the male. LH and FSH signal through

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0382
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 2
Open access
Lijuan Yuan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Xihui Chen Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Ziyu Liu Department of Microbiology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Dan Wu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Jianguo Lu Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Guoqiang Bao Department of General Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Sijia Zhang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Lifeng Wang Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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Yuanming Wu Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for DNA Typing, Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

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performed. The premature ovarian atrophy was diagnosed by invisibility of both ovaries ( Fig. 4G and H ) accompanied by the atrophy of uterus. Serum sexual hormones were then detected by radioimmunoassay. Estradiol and progesterone levels were low ( Table

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0326
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 11
Open access
Silan Zheng School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Meifeng Tong Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Lianqin Dong The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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Chunmin Du School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Xin Zheng Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Liying Wang Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Peiying Huang Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Wei Liu Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Mingzhu Lin Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Changqin Liu Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
The School of Clinical Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

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ovarian morphology ( 19 ). All participants were excluded if they had other related diseases, such as thyroid dysfunction, late-onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia, or androgen-secreting tumors. The other exclusion criteria included alcohol consumption

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0559
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 2
Open access
Urszula Smyczyńska Department of Automatics and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland

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Joanna Smyczyńska Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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Maciej Hilczer Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

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Renata Stawerska Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland

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Ryszard Tadeusiewicz Department of Automatics and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland

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Andrzej Lewiński Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital – Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland

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, 10 , 11 , 13 , 14 ). Besides auxological parameters, GH peak after pharmacological stimulation has been considered as potential predictor of the therapy outcome in all the above-mentioned models ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0277
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Open access