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V Kenan Çelik Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey

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Sercan Kapancık Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey

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Turgut Kaçan Department of Medical Oncology, High Specialized Education and Research Hospital, Bursa, Turkey

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Selen Baloglu Kaçan Department of Internal Medicine, Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Afyon, Turkey

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Serkan Kapancık Department of Biochemistry, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey

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Hasan Kılıçgün Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Health Science Faculty, University of Erzincan, Erzincan, Turkey

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/ornithine ratio (AOR) decreased in breast cancer patients and this could be a marker ( 30 ). The ornithine levels in all of the study groups were increased and statistically significant ( Table 3 ). Increased ornithine levels may also underpin the development of

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W Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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Y Wang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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X Han Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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X Cai Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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Y Zhu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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M Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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S Gong Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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J Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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L Ji Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

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reasonable to infer that the higher prevalence of DN in the present study was largely due to poor diabetes care in the past. We found that birth location was associated with the development of DN in the present study. This is an important sociodemographic

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Thomas Crezee Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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Mirela Petrulea Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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Doina Piciu Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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Martin Jaeger Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Oncology ‘Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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Jan W A Smit Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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Theo S Plantinga Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Oncology ‘Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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Carmen E Georgescu Department of Endocrinology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Endocrinology Clinic, Cluj County Emergency Hospital, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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Romana Netea-Maier Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Endocrine Tumors, Institute of Oncology ‘Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta’, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

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dephosphorylation remains to be determined. Although the heterozygous GC genotype, and most likely also the homozygous CC genotype, are demonstrated to predispose to development of NMTC by inducing hyperactivation of the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway upon the encounter of

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Cecília Cristelo i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal

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Alexandra Machado CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal

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Bruno Sarmento i3S – Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
CESPU, Instituto de Investigação e Formação Avançada em Ciências e Tecnologias da Saúde & Instituto Universitário de Ciências da Saúde, Gandra, Portugal

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Francisco Miguel Gama CEB – Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal

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microbiome ( 12 ) have also been suggested to play a role on type 1 diabetes development. The heterogeneity and variation in the pathogenic process and phenotypic characteristics makes it difficult to diagnose and to treat the disease at an early stage ( 13

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Agnieszka Bogusz Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland

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Svenja Boekhoff Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany

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Monika Warmuth-Metz Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany

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Gabriele Calaminus Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital, Bonn, Germany

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Maria Eveslage Institute of Biostatistics and Clinical Research, University of Münster, Münster, Germany

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Hermann L Müller Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany

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a + p hypothalamic areas ( Fig. 2 ). These 109 CP patients diagnosed with preoperative involvement of a + p hypothalamic areas were included in our analysis of survival and weight development during follow-up. In 55 of these 109 CP patients (50

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Xu Chen Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Yi Tang Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Shen Chen Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Wenhua Ling Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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Qing Wang Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China

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of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the development of steatosis. (A) Volcano plot of GSE48452. (B) Volcano plot of GSE89632. (C) Venn diagram displaying 31 up-regulated genes between healthy controls (HCs) and simple steatosis (SS) subjects

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Michael Ulm University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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Arvind V Ramesh White Station High School, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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Keely M McNamara Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

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Suriyan Ponnusamy University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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Hironobu Sasano Tohoku University, Miyagi, Japan

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Ramesh Narayanan University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
West Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA

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, androgen that is responsible for the development and maintenance of the prostate gland, is also responsible for the development of PCa. There are multiple stages of PCa progression; each stage is determined based on the severity of the disease, castration

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Daiki Kobayashi Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Epidemiology St. Luke’s International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Fujita Health University Toyoake, Japan

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Nagato Kuriyama Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

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Keita Hirano Department of Nephrology Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

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Osamu Takahashi Division of General Internal Medicine Department of Medicine, St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Epidemiology St. Luke’s International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan

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Hiroshi Noto Department of Endocrinology St. Luke’s International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

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still controversial. Previous meta-analyses and systematic reviews, which included four randomized control trials ( 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ), reported no difference in malignancy development between intensively treated and standardly treated diabetic

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Chenghao Piao Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xiaojie Wang Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Shiqiao Peng Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Xinyu Guo Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Hui Zhao Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Li He Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yan Zeng Department of Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Fan Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Kewen Zhu Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yiwei Wang Department of Human Anatomy, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, People’s Republic of China

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foetus for development ( 5 ). The need for maternal insulin is an elevated result of gestational insulin resistance, which is impacted by attenuated food intake and placental hormone production. Consequently, the sizes of pancreatic β cells are enhanced

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Kimberly Kuiper Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Hanna Swaab Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Nicole Tartaglia eXtraordinarY Kids Clinic, Developmental Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado

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Sophie van Rijn Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands

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currently non-existing. There is a need for this knowledge given that it could be useful in designing tailored interventions targeting emotion regulation strategies to reduce the impact of the additional sex chromosome on social-emotional development and

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