Search Results

You are looking at 81 - 90 of 131 items for :

  • Abstract: Calcium x
  • Abstract: Hypoparathyroidism x
  • Abstract: Menopause x
  • Abstract: Vitamin D x
Clear All Modify Search
Katherine U Gaynor Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Katherine U Gaynor in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Irina V Grigorieva Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Irina V Grigorieva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Samantha M Mirczuk Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Samantha M Mirczuk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sian E Piret Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Sian E Piret in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kreepa G Kooblall Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Kreepa G Kooblall in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mark Stevenson Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Mark Stevenson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Karine Rizzoti The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK

Search for other papers by Karine Rizzoti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Michael R Bowl Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Michael R Bowl in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
M Andrew Nesbit Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by M Andrew Nesbit in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Paul T Christie Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Paul T Christie in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
William D Fraser Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK

Search for other papers by William D Fraser in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tertius Hough MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit, MRC Harwell Institute, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Oxfordshire, UK

Search for other papers by Tertius Hough in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Michael P Whyte Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, Center for Metabolic Bone Disease and Molecular Research, St Louis, Missouri, USA

Search for other papers by Michael P Whyte in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Robin Lovell-Badge The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK

Search for other papers by Robin Lovell-Badge in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Rajesh V Thakker Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK

Search for other papers by Rajesh V Thakker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Hypoparathyroidism is genetically heterogeneous and characterized by low plasma calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentrations. X-linked hypoparathyroidism (XLHPT) in two American families is associated with interstitial deletion-insertions involving deletions of chromosome Xq27.1 downstream of SOX3 and insertions of predominantly non-coding DNA from chromosome 2p25.3. These could result in loss, gain, or movement of regulatory elements, which include ultraconserved element uc482, which could alter SOX3 expression. To investigate this, we analysed SOX3 expression in EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cells from three affected males, three unaffected males, and four carrier females from one XLHPT family. SOX3 expression was similar in all individuals, indicating that the spatiotemporal effect of the interstitial deletion-insertion on SOX3 expression postulated to occur in developing parathyroids did not manifest in lymphoblastoids. Expression of SNTG2, which is duplicated and inserted into the X chromosome, and ATP11C, which is moved telomerically, were also similarly expressed in all individuals. Investigation of male hemizygous (Sox3 −/Y and uc482 −/Y) and female heterozygous (Sox3 +/ and uc482 +/ ) knockout mice, together with wild-type littermates (male Sox3 +/Y and uc482 +/Y, and female Sox3 +/+ and uc482 +/+), revealed Sox3 −/Y, Sox3 +/ , uc482 /Y, and uc482 +/ mice to have normal plasma biochemistry, compared to their respective wild-type littermates. When challenged with a low calcium diet, all mice had hypocalcaemia, and elevated plasma PTH concentrations and alkaline phosphatase activities, and Sox3 −/Y, Sox3 +/ , uc482 −/Y, and uc482 +/ mice had similar plasma biochemistry, compared to wild-type littermates. Thus, these results indicate that absence of Sox3 or uc482 does not cause hypoparathyroidism and that XLHPT likely reflects a more complex mechanism.

Open access
Federica Saponaro Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Endocrinology Unit 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Federica Saponaro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Alessandro Saba Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Alessandro Saba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sabina Frascarelli Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Sabina Frascarelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Concetta Prontera Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Concetta Prontera in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Aldo Clerico Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Aldo Clerico in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Marco Scalese Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Marco Scalese in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maria Rita Sessa Laboratory of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Maria Rita Sessa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Filomena Cetani Endocrinology Unit 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Filomena Cetani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Simona Borsari Endocrinology Unit 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Simona Borsari in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Elena Pardi Endocrinology Unit 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Elena Pardi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antonella Marvelli Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Antonella Marvelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Claudio Marcocci Endocrinology Unit 2, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Claudio Marcocci in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Claudio Passino Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Claudio Passino in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Riccardo Zucchi Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

Search for other papers by Riccardo Zucchi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objectives

The aims of this paper were to evaluate the levels of Vitamin D (VitD) in patients with heart failure (HF), compared to a control group, to assess the effects of VitD on HF outcome and to compare VitD measurement between LIAISON immunoassay and HPLC-MS-MS methods in this population.

Design and Methods

We collected clinical, biochemical and outcome data from 247 patients with HF and in a subgroup of 151 patients, we measured VitD both with LIAISON and HPLC-MS-MS.

Results

HF patients had statistically lower 25OHD levels (45.2 ± 23.7 nmol/L vs 58.2 ± 24.0 nmol/L, P < 0.001) and a statistically higher prevalence of VitD insufficiency (61.1% vs 39.5%, P < 0.001) and deficiency (24.7% vs 6.6%, P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. There was a significant inverse relationship between baseline 25OHD and risk of HF-related death, with a HR of 0.59 (95% CI 0.37–0.92, P = 0.02), confirmed in a multivariate adjusted analysis. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses showed that VitD insufficiency was associated with reduced survival in HF patients (log rank P = 0.017). There was a good agreement between LIAISON and HPLC-MS-MS (Cohen’s kappa coefficient 0.70), but the prevalence of VitD insufficiency was significantly higher with the former compared to the latter method (58.3%, n = 88 vs 55.6%, n = 84, P < 0.001). LIAISON underestimated the 25OHD levels and showed a mean relative bias of −0.739% with 95% of limits of agreement (−9.00 to +7.52%), when compared to HPLC-MS-MS.

Conclusions

25OHD levels adequately measured by HPLC-MS-MS showed to be low in HF population and to be correlated with HF-related risk of death.

Open access
Kristin Godang Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

Search for other papers by Kristin Godang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Karolina Lundstam Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Karolina Lundstam in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Charlotte Mollerup Clinic of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Center HOC, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Charlotte Mollerup in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Stine Lyngvi Fougner Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

Search for other papers by Stine Lyngvi Fougner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ylva Pernow Departments of Molecular Medicine, Surgery and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Search for other papers by Ylva Pernow in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jörgen Nordenström Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Search for other papers by Jörgen Nordenström in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Thord Rosén Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Thord Rosén in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Svante Jansson Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Svante Jansson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mikael Hellström Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Mikael Hellström in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jens Bollerslev Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Search for other papers by Jens Bollerslev in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ansgar Heck Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

Search for other papers by Ansgar Heck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
the SIPH Study Group
Search for other papers by the SIPH Study Group in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Context

Mild primary hyperparathyroidism has been associated with increased body fat mass and unfavorable cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective

To assess the effect of parathyroidectomy on fat mass, glucose and lipid metabolism.

Design, patients, interventions, main outcome measures

119 patients previously randomized to observation (OBS; n = 58) or parathyroidectomy (PTX; n = 61) within the Scandinavian Investigation of Primary Hyperparathyroidism (SIPH) trial, an open randomized multicenter study, were included. Main outcome measures for this study were the differences in fat mass, markers for lipid and glucose metabolism between OBS and PTX 5 years after randomization.

Results

In the OBS group, total cholesterol (Total-C) decreased from mean 5.9 (±1.1) to 5.6 (±1.0) mmol/L (P = 0.037) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) decreased from 3.7 (±1.0) to 3.3 (±0.9) mmol/L (P = 0.010). In the PTX group, the Total-C and LDL-C remained unchanged resulting in a significant between-group difference over time (P = 0.013 and P = 0.026, respectively). This difference was driven by patients who started with lipid-lowering medication during the study period (OBS: 5; PTX: 1). There was an increase in trunk fat mass in the OBS group, but no between-group differences over time. Mean 25(OH) vitamin D increased in the PTX group (P < 0.001), but did not change in the OBS group. No difference in parameters of glucose metabolism was detected.

Conclusion

In mild PHPT, the measured metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors were not modified by PTX. Observation seems safe and cardiovascular risk reduction should not be regarded as a separate indication for parathyroidectomy based on the results from this study.

Open access
Giuseppe Grande Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

Search for other papers by Giuseppe Grande in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Andrea Graziani Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

Search for other papers by Andrea Graziani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antonella Di Mambro Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

Search for other papers by Antonella Di Mambro in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Riccardo Selice Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

Search for other papers by Riccardo Selice in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Alberto Ferlin Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

Search for other papers by Alberto Ferlin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Low bone mass is common in men with Klinefelter syndrome (KS), with a prevalence of 6–15% of osteoporosis and of 25–48% of osteopenia. Reduced bone mass has been described since adolescence and it might be related to both reduced bone formation and higher bone resorption. Although reduced testosterone levels are clearly involved in the pathogenesis, this relation is not always evident. Importantly, fracture risk is increased independently from bone mineral density (BMD) and testosterone levels. Here we discuss the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in patients with KS, with a particular focus on the role of testosterone and testis function. In fact, other hormonal mechanisms, such as global Leydig cell dysfunction, causing reduced insulin-like factor 3 and 25-OH vitamin D levels, and high follicle-stimulating hormone and estradiol levels, might be involved. Furthermore, genetic aspects related to the supernumerary X chromosome might be involved, as well as androgen receptor expression and function. Notably, body composition, skeletal mass and strength, and age at diagnosis are other important aspects. Although dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is recommended in the clinical workflow for patients with KS to measure BMD, recent evidence suggests that alterations in the microarchitecture of the bones and vertebral fractures might be present even in subjects with normal BMD. Therefore, analysis of trabecular bone score, high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography and vertebral morphometry seem promising tools to better estimate the fracture risk of patients with KS. This review also summarizes the evidence on the best available treatments for osteoporosis in men with KS, with or without hypogonadism.

Open access
Georgios Kontogeorgos Section for Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Georgios Kontogeorgos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Zoi Mamasoula Section for Geriatrics and Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Ostra, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Zoi Mamasoula in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Emily Krantz Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Emily Krantz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Penelope Trimpou Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Section for Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Penelope Trimpou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kerstin Landin-Wilhelmsen Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Section for Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Kerstin Landin-Wilhelmsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Christine M Laine Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Endocrine Out-Patient Clinic, Carlanderska Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Christine M Laine in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

Hypoparathyroidism (HypoPT) is a rare endocrine disorder in which insufficient levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) lead to low serum calcium (S-Ca) levels and muscular cramps. The aim was to study the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and comorbidities in patients with HypoPT compared with the general population and to estimate the need of treatment with PTH analog.

Design

Patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample. Short Form-36 (SF-36) and EuroQol-5 Dimensions Visual Analogue Scale questionnaires were used. All patients were followed up at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital outpatient clinic.

Methods

From the medical records between 2007 and 2020, 203 patients with HypoPT were identified and compared with a population sample (n = 414) from the World Health Organization’s (WHO) MONICA project, Gothenburg, Sweden. Of the 203 patients who met the diagnostic criteria, 164 were alive and 65% answered the HRQoL questionnaires.

Results

Patients with HypoPT, 80% postsurgical, and controls had similar age (60 years) and sex distribution (80% women). Patients had lower SF-36 summary component scores for physical (40.0 (interquartile range (IQR): 21) vs 51.2 (IQR: 14.6); P < 0.001) and mental (43.1 (IQR:17.4) vs 56.1(IQR:13.3); P < 0.001) well-being, irrespective of etiology or calcium levels. Individuals with HypoPT had more medications and lower renal function but not higher mortality than controls. Low HRQoL together with low calcium was present in 23% of individuals with HypoPT.

Conclusion

HRQoL was markedly lower in patients with HypoPT than in controls and independent of S-Ca levels. Treatment with PTH analog could be considered at least among patients with both low HRQoL and low calcium levels.

Open access
Elinor Chelsom Vogt Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Elinor Chelsom Vogt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Gómez Real Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Francisco Gómez Real in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eystein Sverre Husebye Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Eystein Sverre Husebye in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sigridur Björnsdottir Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Search for other papers by Sigridur Björnsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bryndis Benediktsdottir Medical Faculty, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavík, Reykjavik, Iceland

Search for other papers by Bryndis Benediktsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Pascal Demoly University Hospital of Montpellier, IDESP, Univ Montpellier-Inserm, Montpellier, France

Search for other papers by Pascal Demoly in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Karl Anders Franklin Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Karl Anders Franklin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui Unit of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Health, Basque Government, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

Search for other papers by Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Javier Callejas González Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Francisco Javier Callejas González in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Joachim Heinrich Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Search for other papers by Joachim Heinrich in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mathias Holm Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Mathias Holm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nils Oscar Jogi Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Nils Oscar Jogi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Benedicte Leynaert Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1018, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France

Search for other papers by Benedicte Leynaert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eva Lindberg Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Eva Lindberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Andrei Malinovschi Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Andrei Malinovschi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Pneumology Service of the General University Hospital of Albacete, Albacete, Spain
Albacete Faculty of Medicine, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Jesús Martínez-Moratalla in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Raúl Godoy Mayoral Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Raúl Godoy Mayoral in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anna Oudin Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Anna Oudin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antonio Pereira-Vega Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital in Huelva, Huelva, Spain

Search for other papers by Antonio Pereira-Vega in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chantal Raherison Semjen INSERM, EpiCene Team U1219, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France

Search for other papers by Chantal Raherison Semjen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Vivi Schlünssen Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
The National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Vivi Schlünssen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kai Triebner Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Kai Triebner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Marianne Øksnes Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Marianne Øksnes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

To investigate markers of premature menopause (<40 years) and specifically the prevalence of autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in European women.

Design

Postmenopausal women were categorized according to age at menopause and self-reported reason for menopause in a cross-sectional analysis of 6870 women.

Methods

Variables associated with the timing of menopause and hormone measurements of 17β-estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Specific immunoprecipitating assays of steroidogenic autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), side-chain cleavage enzyme (anti-SCC) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (17 OH), as well as NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 were used to identify women with likely autoimmune POI.

Results

Premature menopause was identified in 2.8% of women, and these women had higher frequencies of nulliparity (37.4% vs 19.7%), obesity (28.7% vs 21.4%), osteoporosis (17.1% vs 11.6%), hormone replacement therapy (59.1% vs 36.9%) and never smokers (60.1% vs 50.9%) (P < 0.05), compared to women with menopause ≥40 years. Iatrogenic causes were found in 91 (47%) and non-ovarian causes in 27 (14%) women, while 77 (39%) women were classified as POI of unknown cause, resulting in a 1.1% prevalence of idiopathic POI. After adjustments nulliparity was the only variable significantly associated with POI (odds ratio 2.46; 95% CI 1.63–3.42). Based on the presence of autoantibodies against 21 OH and SCC, 4.5% of POI cases were of likely autoimmune origin.

Conclusion

Idiopathic POI affects 1.1% of all women and almost half of the women with premature menopause. Autoimmunity explains 4.5% of these cases judged by positive steroidogenic autoantibodies.

Open access
Panagiotis Anagnostis Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

Search for other papers by Panagiotis Anagnostis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Irene Lambrinoudaki 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens, Greece

Search for other papers by Irene Lambrinoudaki in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
John C Stevenson National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK

Search for other papers by John C Stevenson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Dimitrios G Goulis Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

Search for other papers by Dimitrios G Goulis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is of major concern in women entering menopause. The changing hormonal milieu predisposes them to increased CVD risk, due to a constellation of risk factors, such as visceral obesity, atherogenic dyslipidemia, dysregulation in glucose homeostasis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and arterial hypertension. However, an independent association of menopause per se with increased risk of CVD events has only been proven for early menopause (<45 years). Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) ameliorates most of the CVD risk factors mentioned above. Transdermal estrogens are the preferable regimen, since they do not increase triglyceride concentrations and they are not associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolic events (VTE). Although administration of MHT should be considered on an individual basis, MHT may reduce CVD morbidity and mortality, if commenced during the early postmenopausal period (<60 years or within ten years since the last menstrual period). In women with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), MHT should be administered at least until the average age of menopause (50–52 years). MHT is contraindicated in women with a history of VTE and is not currently recommended for the sole purpose of CVD prevention. The risk of breast cancer associated with MHT is generally low and is mainly conferred by the progestogen. Micronized progesterone and dydrogesterone are associated with lower risk compared to other progestogens.

Open access
Henryk F Urbanski Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA

Search for other papers by Henryk F Urbanski in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kevin Mueller Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA

Search for other papers by Kevin Mueller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Cynthia L Bethea Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
Division of Reproductive & Developmental Sciences, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA

Search for other papers by Cynthia L Bethea in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Like women, old female rhesus macaques undergo menopause and show many of the same age-associated changes, including perturbed activity/rest cycles and altered circulating levels of many hormones. Previous studies showed that administration of an estrogen agonist increased activity in female monkeys, that hormone therapy (HT) increased activity in postmenopausal women and that obesity decreased activity in women. The present study sought to determine if postmenopausal activity and circulating hormone levels also respond to HT when monkeys are fed a high-fat, high-sugar Western style diet (WSD). Old female rhesus macaques were ovo-hysterectomized (OvH) to induce surgical menopause and fed a WSD for 2 years. Half of the animals received estradiol-17β (E), beginning immediately after OvH, while the other half received placebo. Animals in both groups showed an increase in body weight and a decrease in overall activity levels. These changes were associated with a rise in both daytime and nocturnal serum leptin concentrations, but there was no change in serum concentrations of either cortisol or dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). These data suggest that 2 years of HT has little or no effect on locomotor activity or circadian hormone patterns in menopausal macaques fed an obesogenic diet.

Open access
Leyre Lorente-Poch Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Leyre Lorente-Poch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sílvia Rifà-Terricabras Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Sílvia Rifà-Terricabras in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Juan José Sancho Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Juan José Sancho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Danilo Torselli-Valladares Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Danilo Torselli-Valladares in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sofia González-Ortiz Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Sofia González-Ortiz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Antonio Sitges-Serra Endocrine Surgery Unit, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
Departament de Cirurgia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Search for other papers by Antonio Sitges-Serra in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective:

Permanent hypoparathyroidism is an uncommon disease resulting most frequently from neck surgery. It has been associated with visceral calcifications but few studies have specifically this in patients with post-surgical hypoparathyroidism. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of basal ganglia and carotid artery calcifications in patients with long-term post-thyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism compared with a control population.

Design:

Case–control study.

Methods:

A cross-sectional review comparing 29 consecutive patients with permanent postoperative hypoparathyroidism followed-up in a tertiary reference unit for Endocrine Surgery with a contemporary control group of 501 patients who had an emergency brain CT scan. Clinical variables and prevalence of basal ganglia and carotid artery calcifications were recorded.

Results:

From a cohort of 46 patients diagnosed with permanent hypoparathyroidism, 29 were included in the study. The mean duration of disease was 9.2 ± 7 years. Age, diabetes, hypertension, smoking and dyslipidemia were similarly distributed in case and control groups. The prevalence of carotid artery and basal ganglia calcifications was 4 and 20 times more frequent in patients with permanent hypoparathyroidism, respectively. After propensity score matching of the 28 the female patients, 68 controls were matched for age and presence of cardiovascular factors. Cases showed a four-fold prevalence of basal ganglia calcifications, whereas that of carotid calcifications was similar between cases and controls.

Conclusion:

A high prevalence of basal ganglia calcifications was observed in patients with post-surgical permanent hypoparathyroidism. It remains unclear whether carotid artery calcification may also be increased.

Open access
Anping Su Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Search for other papers by Anping Su in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yanping Gong Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Search for other papers by Yanping Gong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Wenshuang Wu Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Search for other papers by Wenshuang Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rixiang Gong Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Search for other papers by Rixiang Gong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Zhihui Li Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Search for other papers by Zhihui Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Jingqiang Zhu
Search for other papers by Jingqiang Zhu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Background

The effect of parathyroid autotransplantation on hypoparathyroidism is not fully understood. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of autotransplantation of a parathyroid gland on the incidence of hypoparathyroidism and recovery of parathyroid function at 6 months after total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Methods

All patients with autotransplantation of a parathyroid gland (no inadvertent parathyroidectomy) (group A), in situ preservation of all parathyroid glands (no autotransplantation and inadvertent parathyroidectomy) (group B) or inadvertent removal of a parathyroid gland (no autotransplantation) (group C) who underwent first-time total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma between January 2013 and June 2016 were included retrospectively.

Results

Of the 702 patients, 383, 297 and 22 were respectively included in the groups A, B and C. The overall rates of transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism were 37.6% and 1.0%. The incidence of transient hypoparathyroidism was 43.9, 29.0 and 45.5% (A vs B, P = 0.000; A vs C, P = 1.000), and the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism was 1.0, 0.7 and 4.5% (P > 0.05). The recovery rates of serum parathyroid hormone levels were 71.4, 72.2 and 66.0% at 6-month follow-up (P > 0.05).

Conclusion

Autotransplantation of a parathyroid gland does not affect the incidence of permanent hypoparathyroidism, but increases the risk of transient hypoparathyroidism when the rest of parathyroid glands are preserved in situ. At least 2 parathyroid glands should be preserved during total thyroidectomy with central neck dissection to prevent permanent hypoparathyroidism.

Open access