Search Results

You are looking at 51 - 60 of 457 items for

  • Abstract: amenorrhoea x
  • Abstract: fertility x
  • Abstract: Gender x
  • Abstract: infertility x
  • Abstract: Klinefelter x
  • Abstract: menarche x
  • Abstract: puberty x
  • Abstract: testes x
  • Abstract: transsexual x
  • Abstract: Turner x
  • Abstract: ovary x
  • Abstract: follicles x
Clear All Modify Search
Jie Yang J Yang, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Jie Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Min Lin M Lin, Reproductive Medicine Center, The First People's Hospital of Yulin, Yulin, China

Search for other papers by Min Lin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xiaoyan Tian X Tian, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Xiaoyan Tian in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chujun Li C Li, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Chujun Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Haocun Wu H Wu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Haocun Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ling Deng L Deng, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Ling Deng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xuelan Li X Li, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Xuelan Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Xin Chen X Chen, Reproductive Medicine Center, Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, China

Search for other papers by Xin Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Purpose: Our study aimed to assess the relationship between serum adipokines and insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), as well as explore the predictive value of adipokines on IR in PCOS.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. 154 women with PCOS were included from July 2021 to September 2022 who underwent gonadal steroid hormone measurement, lipid profile, oral glucose tolerance test and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA)-IR. Adiponectin (APN), leptin and secreted frizzled-related protein (Sfrp5) were measured by immunoturbidimetry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Women with PCOS were categorised based on the presence of IR.

Results: Women with PCOS with IR (n=99) had significantly lower APN level and APN to leptin ratio (A/L ratio) than those without IR (n=55), whereas serum levels of leptin and Sfrp5 were similar between the two groups. In multivariable linear regression analysis, serum log (APN) and log (A/L ratio) were associated with log(HOMA-IR), the association was statistically significant after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and free androgen index. The area under the ROC curve (95% CI) for APN and A/L ratio were 0.726 (0.644–0.807; P<0.001) and 0.660(0.569–0.751; P<0.01), with cutoff values of 5.225 mg/L (Youden index ¼ 0.364) and 1.438 (Youden index ¼ 0.265) respectively.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that serum APN was negatively related to IR. Serum APN may be useful as a clinical marker for IR in women with PCOS. Our findings warrant further investigations into the function of APN in the pathogenesis of IR in women with PCOS.

Open access
M von Wolff Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women’s Hospital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Search for other papers by M von Wolff in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
C T Nakas University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Laboratory of Biometry, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

Search for other papers by C T Nakas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
M Tobler Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women’s Hospital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Division of Pneumology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Search for other papers by M Tobler in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
T M Merz Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Search for other papers by T M Merz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
M P Hilty Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland

Search for other papers by M P Hilty in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
J D Veldhuis Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Centre for Translational Science Activities, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA

Search for other papers by J D Veldhuis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
A R Huber Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Cantonal Hospital, Aarau, Switzerland

Search for other papers by A R Huber in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
J Pichler Hefti Division of Pneumology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Search for other papers by J Pichler Hefti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Humans cannot live at very high altitude for reasons, which are not completely understood. Since these reasons are not restricted to cardiorespiratory changes alone, changes in the endocrine system might also be involved. Therefore, hormonal changes during prolonged hypobaric hypoxia were comprehensively assessed to determine effects of altitude and hypoxia on stress, thyroid and gonadal hypothalamus–pituitary hormone axes. Twenty-one male and 19 female participants were examined repetitively during a high-altitude expedition. Cortisol, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), fT4 and fT3 and in males follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and total testosterone were analysed as well as parameters of hypoxemia, such as SaO2 and paO2 at 550 m (baseline) (n = 40), during ascent at 4844 m (n = 38), 6022 m (n = 31) and 7050 m (n = 13), at 4844 m (n = 29) after acclimatization and after the expedition (n = 38). Correlation analysis of hormone concentrations with oxygen parameters and with altitude revealed statistical association in most cases only with altitude. Adrenal, thyroid and gonadal axes were affected by increasing altitude. Adrenal axis and prolactin were first supressed at 4844 m and then activated with increasing altitude; thyroid and gonadal axes were directly activated or suppressed respectively with increasing altitude. Acclimatisation at 4844 m led to normalization of adrenal and gonadal but not of thyroid axes. In conclusion, acclimatization partly leads to a normalization of the adrenal, thyroid and gonadal axes at around 5000 m. However, at higher altitude, endocrine dysregulation is pronounced and might contribute to the physical degradation found at high altitude.

Open access
M Boering Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by M Boering in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
P R van Dijk Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by P R van Dijk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
S J J Logtenberg Diakonessenhuis, Department of Internal Medicine, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by S J J Logtenberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
K H Groenier Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by K H Groenier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
B H R Wolffenbuttel Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by B H R Wolffenbuttel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
R O B Gans Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by R O B Gans in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
N Kleefstra Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by N Kleefstra in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
H J G Bilo Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands

Search for other papers by H J G Bilo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Aims

Elevated sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) concentrations have been described in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), probably due to low portal insulin concentrations. We aimed to investigate whether the route of insulin administration, continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII), or subcutaneous (SC), influences SHBG concentrations among T1DM patients.

Methods

Post hoc analysis of SHBG in samples derived from a randomized, open-labeled crossover trial was carried out in 20 T1DM patients: 50% males, mean age 43 (±13) years, diabetes duration 23 (±11) years, and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 8.7 (±1.1) (72 (±12) mmol/mol). As secondary outcomes, testosterone, 17-β-estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed.

Results

Estimated mean change in SHBG was −10.3nmol/L (95% CI: −17.4, −3.2) during CIPII and 3.7nmol/L (95% CI: −12.0, 4.6) during SC insulin treatment. Taking the effect of treatment order into account, the difference in SHBG between therapies was −6.6nmol/L (95% CI: −17.5, 4.3); −12.7nmol/L (95% CI: −25.1, −0.4) for males and −1.7nmol/L (95% CI: −24.6, 21.1) for females, respectively. Among males, SHBG and testosterone concentrations changed significantly during CIPII; −15.8nmol/L (95% CI: −24.2, −7.5) and −8.3nmol/L (95% CI: −14.4, −2.2), respectively. The difference between CIPII and SC insulin treatment was also significant for change in FSH 1.2U/L (95% CI: 0.1, 2.2) among males.

Conclusions

SHBG concentrations decreased significantly during CIPII treatment. Moreover, the difference in change between CIPII and SC insulin therapy was significant for SHBG and FSH among males. These findings support the hypothesis that portal insulin administration influences circulating SHBG and sex steroids.

Open access
Liza Haqq School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia

Search for other papers by Liza Haqq in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
James McFarlane School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia

Search for other papers by James McFarlane in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Gudrun Dieberg School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia

Search for other papers by Gudrun Dieberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Neil Smart School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia

Search for other papers by Neil Smart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) affects 18–22% of women at reproductive age. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the expected benefits of lifestyle (exercise plus diet) interventions on the reproductive endocrine profile in women with PCOS. Potential studies were identified by systematically searching PubMed, CINAHL and the Cochrane Controlled Trials Registry (1966–April 30, 2013) systematically using key concepts of PCOS. Significant improvements were seen in women receiving lifestyle intervention vs usual care in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, mean difference (MD) 0.39 IU/l (95% CI 0.09 to 0.70, P=0.01), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels, MD 2.37 nmol/l (95% CI 1.27 to 3.47, P<0.0001), total testosterone levels, MD −0.13 nmol/l (95% CI −0.22 to −0.03, P=0.008), androstenedione levels, MD −0.09 ng/dl (95% CI −0.15 to −0.03, P=0.005), free androgen index (FAI) levels, MD −1.64 (95% CI −2.94 to −0.35, P=0.01) and Ferriman–Gallwey (FG) score, MD −1.01 (95% CI −1.54 to −0.48, P=0.0002). Significant improvements were also observed in women who received exercise-alone intervention vs usual care in FSH levels, MD 0.42 IU/l (95% CI 0.11 to 0.73, P=0.009), SHBG levels, MD 3.42 nmol/l (95% CI 0.11 to 6.73, P=0.04), total testosterone levels, MD −0.16 nmol/l (95% CI −0.29 to −0.04, P=0.01), androstenedione levels, MD −0.09 ng/dl (95% CI −0.16 to −0.03, P=0.004) and FG score, MD −1.13 (95% CI −1.88 to −0.38, P=0.003). Our analyses suggest that lifestyle (diet and exercise) intervention improves levels of FSH, SHBG, total testosterone, androstenedione and FAI, and FG score in women with PCOS.

Open access
Tao Mei Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China
Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Tao Mei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jianhe Zhang Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Jianhe Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Liangfeng Wei Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Liangfeng Wei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xingfeng Qi Department of Pathology, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Xingfeng Qi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yiming Ma Department of Neurosurgery, Liuzhou General Hospital, Liuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Yiming Ma in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xianhua Liu Department of Pathology, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Xianhua Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shaohua Chen Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China

Search for other papers by Shaohua Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Songyuan Li Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Songyuan Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jianwu Wu Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Jianwu Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Shousen Wang Department of Neurosurgery, Fuzhou General Hospital, Fuzhou, China

Search for other papers by Shousen Wang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Tumor cells require large amounts of energy to sustain growth. Through the mediated transport of glucose transporters, the uptake and utilization of glucose by tumor cells are significantly enhanced in the hypoxic microenvironment. Pituitary adenomas are benign tumors with high-energy metabolisms. We aimed to investigate the role of expression of glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in pituitary adenomas, including effects on size, cystic change and hormone type. Pituitary adenomas from 203 patients were collected from January 2013 to April 2017, and immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect the expression of GLUT3 and GLUT1 in tumor specimens. GLUT3-positive expression in the cystic change group was higher than that in the non-cystic change group (P = 0.018). Proportions of GLUT3-positive staining of microadenomas, macroadenomas, and giant adenomas were 22.7 (5/22), 50.4 (66/131) and 54.0% (27/50), respectively (P = 0.022). In cases of prolactin adenoma, GLUT3-positive staining was predominant in cell membranes (P = 0.000006), while in cases of follicle-stimulating hormone or luteotropic hormone adenoma, we found mainly paranuclear dot-like GLUT3 staining (P = 0.025). In other hormonal adenomas, GLUT3 was only partially expressed, and the intensity of cell membrane or paranuclear punctate staining was weak. In contrast to GLUT3, GLUT1 expression was not associated with pituitary adenomas. Thus, our results indicate that the expression of GLUT3 in pituitary adenomas is closely related to cystic change and hormonal type. This study is the first to report a unique paranuclear dot-like GLUT3 staining pattern in pituitary adenomas.

Open access
M Jensterle Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Search for other papers by M Jensterle in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
A Podbregar University Rehabilitation Institute Republic of Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Search for other papers by A Podbregar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
K Goricar University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Search for other papers by K Goricar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
N Gregoric Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Search for other papers by N Gregoric in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
A Janez Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

Search for other papers by A Janez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Lifestyle measures (LSMs) should be the first-line approach offered for obesity-related functional hypogonadism (FH). When LSMs fail, the role of testosterone replacement treatment (TRT) is unclear. GLP1 receptor agonist liraglutide is linked to progressive and sustained weight loss. A potential direct impact of GLP1 on hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular (HPT) axis was reported in animal models. We aimed to compare the effects of liraglutide and TRT on FH in obese men that had been poor responders to LSM, by means of reversal of FH and weight reduction. We designed a 16-week prospective randomized open-label study with 30 men (aged 46.5 ± 10.9 years, BMI 41.2 ± 8.4 kg/m2, mean ± s.d.) that were randomized to liraglutide 3.0 mg QD (LIRA) or 50 mg of 1% transdermal gel QD (TRT). Sexual function and anthropometric measures were assessed. Fasting blood was drawn for determination of endocrine and metabolic parameters followed by OGTT. Model-derived parameters including HOMAIR and calculated free testosterone (cFT) were calculated. Total testosterone significantly increased in both arms (+5.9 ± 7.2 in TRT vs +2.6 ± 3.5 nmol/L in LIRA) and led to improved sexual function. LIRA resulted in a significant increase of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (P < 0.001 for between-treatment effect). Subjects treated with LIRA lost on average 7.9 ± 3.8  kg compared with a 0.9 ± 4.5  kg loss in TRT (P < 0.001). Metabolic syndrome was resolved in two patients in LIRA and in no subjects in TRT. Liraglutide was superior to TRT in improving an overall health benefit in men with obesity-associated FH after LSM failed.

Open access
Mikkel Andreassen Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Mikkel Andreassen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Niels Jørgensen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

Gonadotropins (luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)) are released from the pituitary gland and stimulate Leydig cells to produce testosterone and initiates spermatogenesis. Little is known about how and when the deterioration of semen quality occurs in patients with adult-onset gonadotropin insufficiency.

Design and methods

A retrospective study comprising 20 testosterone-deficient men (median age, 29 years) with acquired pituitary disease who delivered semen for cryopreservation before initiation of testosterone therapy. Semen variables and hormone concentrations were compared to those of young healthy men (n = 340).

Results

Thirteen of 20 patients (65%) and 82% of controls had total sperm counts above 39 million and progressive motile spermatozoa above 32% (P = 0.05). For the individual semen variables, there were no significant differences in semen volume (median (intraquartile range) 3.0 (1.3–6.8) vs 3.2 (2.3–4.3) mL, P = 0.47), sperm concentration 41 (11–71) vs 43 (22–73) mill/mL (P = 0.56) or total sperm counts (P = 0.66). One patient had azoospermia. Patients vs controls had lower serum testosterone 5.4 (2.2–7.6) vs 19.7 (15.5–24.5) nmol/L (P = 0.001), calculated free testosterone (cfT) 145 (56–183) vs 464 (359–574) pmol/L (P < 0.001), LH 1.5 (1.1–2.1) vs 3.1 (2.3–4.0) U/L (P = 0.002) and inhibin b (P < 0.001). Levels of FSH were similar (P = 0.63). Testosterone/LH ratio and cfT/LH ratio were reduced in patients (both P < 0.001).

Conclusions

Despite Leydig cell insufficiency in patients with acquired pituitary insufficiency, the majority presented with normal semen quality based on the determination of the number of progressively motile spermatozoa. In addition, the data suggest reduced LH bioactivity in patients with pituitary insufficiency.

Open access
Elinor Chelsom Vogt Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Elinor Chelsom Vogt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Gómez Real Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Francisco Gómez Real in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eystein Sverre Husebye Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Eystein Sverre Husebye in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sigridur Björnsdottir Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Search for other papers by Sigridur Björnsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bryndis Benediktsdottir Medical Faculty, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavík, Reykjavik, Iceland

Search for other papers by Bryndis Benediktsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Pascal Demoly University Hospital of Montpellier, IDESP, Univ Montpellier-Inserm, Montpellier, France

Search for other papers by Pascal Demoly in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Karl Anders Franklin Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Karl Anders Franklin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui Unit of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Health, Basque Government, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

Search for other papers by Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Javier Callejas González Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Francisco Javier Callejas González in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Joachim Heinrich Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Search for other papers by Joachim Heinrich in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mathias Holm Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Mathias Holm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nils Oscar Jogi Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Nils Oscar Jogi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Benedicte Leynaert Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1018, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France

Search for other papers by Benedicte Leynaert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eva Lindberg Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Eva Lindberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Andrei Malinovschi Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Andrei Malinovschi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Pneumology Service of the General University Hospital of Albacete, Albacete, Spain
Albacete Faculty of Medicine, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Jesús Martínez-Moratalla in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Raúl Godoy Mayoral Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Raúl Godoy Mayoral in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anna Oudin Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Anna Oudin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antonio Pereira-Vega Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital in Huelva, Huelva, Spain

Search for other papers by Antonio Pereira-Vega in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chantal Raherison Semjen INSERM, EpiCene Team U1219, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France

Search for other papers by Chantal Raherison Semjen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Vivi Schlünssen Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
The National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Vivi Schlünssen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kai Triebner Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Kai Triebner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Marianne Øksnes Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Marianne Øksnes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

To investigate markers of premature menopause (<40 years) and specifically the prevalence of autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in European women.

Design

Postmenopausal women were categorized according to age at menopause and self-reported reason for menopause in a cross-sectional analysis of 6870 women.

Methods

Variables associated with the timing of menopause and hormone measurements of 17β-estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Specific immunoprecipitating assays of steroidogenic autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), side-chain cleavage enzyme (anti-SCC) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (17 OH), as well as NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 were used to identify women with likely autoimmune POI.

Results

Premature menopause was identified in 2.8% of women, and these women had higher frequencies of nulliparity (37.4% vs 19.7%), obesity (28.7% vs 21.4%), osteoporosis (17.1% vs 11.6%), hormone replacement therapy (59.1% vs 36.9%) and never smokers (60.1% vs 50.9%) (P < 0.05), compared to women with menopause ≥40 years. Iatrogenic causes were found in 91 (47%) and non-ovarian causes in 27 (14%) women, while 77 (39%) women were classified as POI of unknown cause, resulting in a 1.1% prevalence of idiopathic POI. After adjustments nulliparity was the only variable significantly associated with POI (odds ratio 2.46; 95% CI 1.63–3.42). Based on the presence of autoantibodies against 21 OH and SCC, 4.5% of POI cases were of likely autoimmune origin.

Conclusion

Idiopathic POI affects 1.1% of all women and almost half of the women with premature menopause. Autoimmunity explains 4.5% of these cases judged by positive steroidogenic autoantibodies.

Open access
Yanling Cai Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China

Search for other papers by Yanling Cai in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yan Yang Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China

Search for other papers by Yan Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xiao Pang Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China

Search for other papers by Xiao Pang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Suping Li Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China

Search for other papers by Suping Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Purpose

The aim was to investigate the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment for differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) on male gonadal function.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, OVID, Scopus, and Wanfang databases were searched up to June 10, 2022, to identify published studies related to RAI and male gonadal function. ReviewManager version 5.4.1 software was used to calculate mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs.

Results

Initially, 1958 articles were retrieved from the databases, and 6 articles were included in the quantitative analysis. The meta-analysis results showed that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) increased when the follow-up duration was ≥12 months after RAI, but the difference was not statistically significant (MD = −2.64, 95% CI = (−5.61, 0.33), P = 0.08). But the results of the subgroup analysis showed that when the follow-up time was ≤6 months, FSH levels were significantly higher after RAI (MD = −7.65, 95% CI = (−13.95, −1.34), P = 0.02). The level of inhibin B was significantly lower at ≥12 months and ≤6 months after RAI (MD = 66.38, 95% CI = (8.39, 124.37), P = 0.02) and (MD = 116.27, 95% CI = (43.56, 188.98), P = 0.002). Additionally, luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone have similar results – that is, LH and testosterone levels were higher after RAI, but the difference was not statistically significant (MD = –0.87, 95% CI = (−2.04, 0.30), P = 0.15) and (MD = −1.69, 95% CI (−7.29, 3.90), P = 0.55).

Conclusions

Male gonadal function may be temporarily impaired within 6 months after RAI but may return to normal levels afterward.

Open access
Clara Lundetoft Clausen Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

Search for other papers by Clara Lundetoft Clausen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Niels Erik Skakkebæk Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Erik Skakkebæk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hanne Frederiksen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Hanne Frederiksen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Camilla Koch Ryrsø Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Camilla Koch Ryrsø in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Arnold Matovu Dungu Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

Search for other papers by Arnold Matovu Dungu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maria Hein Hegelund Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

Search for other papers by Maria Hein Hegelund in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rikke Krogh-Madsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Rikke Krogh-Madsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Birgitte Lindegaard Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Birgitte Lindegaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Allan Linneberg Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Allan Linneberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Line Lund Kårhus Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Line Lund Kårhus in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Thomas Benfield Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Thomas Benfield in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Aim

To explore pituitary–gonadal hormone concentrations and assess their association with inflammation, severe respiratory failure, and mortality in hospitalized men and women with COVID-19, and compare these to hormone concentrations in hospitalized patients with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and influenza virus CAP and to concentrations in a reference group of healthy individuals.

Methods

Serum concentrations of testosterone, estrone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured within 4 days of admission. Associations were assessed by logistic regression analysis in patients with COVID-19, and results were reported as odds ratio with 95% CI per two-fold reduction after adjustment for age, comorbidities, days to sample collection, and IL-6 concentrations.

Results

In total, 278 patients with COVID-19, 21 with influenza virus CAP, and 76 with bacterial CAP were included. Testosterone concentrations were suppressed in men hospitalized with COVID-19, bacterial and influenza virus CAP, and moderately suppressed in women. Reductions in testosterone (OR: 3.43 (1.14–10.30), P = 0.028) and LH (OR: 2.51 (1.28–4.92), P = 0.008) were associated with higher odds of mehanical ventilation (MV) in men with COVID-19. In women with COVID-19, reductions in LH (OR: 3.34 (1.02–10-90), P = 0.046) and FSH (OR: 2.52 (1.01–6.27), P = 0.047) were associated with higher odds of MV.

Conclusion

Low testosterone and LH concentrations were predictive of severe respiratory failure in men with COVID-19, whereas low concentrations of LH and FSH were predictive of severe respiratory failure in women with COVID-19.

Open access