Search Results

You are looking at 41 - 50 of 542 items for

  • Abstract: Aging x
  • Abstract: Inflammation x
  • Abstract: Late effects of cancer treatment x
Clear All Modify Search
Wolfgang Högler Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

Search for other papers by Wolfgang Högler in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Agnès Linglart AP-HP, Hôpital Bicêtre Paris Saclay, service d’endocrinologie et diabète de l’enfant, DMU 3 SEA, centre de référence des maladies rares du métabolisme du calcium et du phosphate, filière OSCAR; Université de Paris-Saclay INSERM U1185, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

Search for other papers by Agnès Linglart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anna Petryk Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Search for other papers by Anna Petryk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Priya S Kishnani Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA

Search for other papers by Priya S Kishnani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Lothar Seefried University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

Search for other papers by Lothar Seefried in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shona Fang Alexion, AstraZeneca Rare Disease, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Search for other papers by Shona Fang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Search for other papers by Cheryl Rockman-Greenberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Keiichi Ozono Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan

Search for other papers by Keiichi Ozono in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kathryn Dahir Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA

Search for other papers by Kathryn Dahir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Gabriel Ángel Martos-Moreno Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, IIS La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, CIBERobn, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain

Search for other papers by Gabriel Ángel Martos-Moreno in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

Hypophosphatasia, an inborn error of metabolism characterized by impaired bone mineralization, can affect growth. This study evaluated relationships between anthropometric parameters (height, weight, and body mass index) and clinical manifestations of hypophosphatasia in children.

Design

Data from children (aged <18 years) with hypophosphatasia were analyzed from the observational Global Hypophosphatasia Registry.

Methods

Anthropometric parameters were evaluated by age group (<2 years and ≥2 years) at assessment. The frequency of hypophosphatasia manifestations was compared between children with short stature (< percentile) and those with normal stature.

Results

This analysis included 215 children (54.4% girls). Short stature presented in 16.1% of children aged <2 years and 20.4% of those aged ≥2 years at assessment. Among those with available data (n = 62), height was below the target height (mean: −0.66 standard deviations). Substantial worsening of growth (mean delta height z score: −1.45; delta weight z score: −0.68) occurred before 2 years of age, while in those aged ≥2 years, anthropometric trajectories were maintained (delta height z score: 0.08; delta weight z score: 0.13). Broad-ranging hypophosphatasia manifestations (beyond dental) were observed in most children.

Conclusions

Short stature was not a consistent characteristic of children with hypophosphatasia, but growth impairment was observed in those aged <2 years, indicating that hypophosphatasia might affect growth plate activity during infancy. In addition, a broad range of clinical manifestations occurred in those above and below the third percentile for height, suggesting that height alone may not accurately reflect hypophosphatasia disease burden and that weight is less affected than longitudinal growth.

Open access
Isabelle Flechtner Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Isabelle Flechtner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Magali Viaud Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Magali Viaud in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Dulanjalee Kariyawasam Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Dulanjalee Kariyawasam in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Marie Perrissin-Fabert Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Marie Perrissin-Fabert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maud Bidet Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Maud Bidet in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anne Bachelot Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Anne Bachelot in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Philippe Touraine Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, AP-HPIE3M, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, ICAN, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Philippe Touraine in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Philippe Labrune Department of Pediatrics, APHP, Centre de Référence des Maladies héréditaires du Métabolisme Hépatique, Hopital Antoine Béclère and Paris Sud University, Clamart, France

Search for other papers by Philippe Labrune in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Pascale de Lonlay Reference Center of Inherited Metabolic Diseases, Université de Paris, Necker Enfants Malades, University Hospital, Paris, France
Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Pascale de Lonlay in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Michel Polak Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Centre des Pathologies Gynécologiques Rares, Paris, France
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology, and Diabetology, AP-HP, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, IMAGINE Institute affiliate, Paris, France
Centre for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Hospital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Paediatric Endocrinology, Gynaecology and Diabetology, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France

Search for other papers by Michel Polak in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Classic galactosemia is a rare inborn error of galactose metabolism with a birth prevalence of about 1/30,000–60,000. Long-term complications occurring despite dietary treatment consist of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and neurodevelopmental impairments. We performed with the French Reference Centers for Rare Diseases a multisite collaborative questionnaire survey for classic galactosemic patients. Its primary objective was to assess their puberty, pregnancy, gonadotropic axis, and pelvic morphology by ultrasound. The secondary objective was to determine predictive factors for pregnancy without oocyte donation. Completed questionnaires from 103 patients, 56 females (median age, 19 years (3–52 years)) and 47 males (median age, 19 years (3–45 years)), were analyzed. Among the 43 females older than 13 years old, mean age for breast development first stage was 13.8 years; spontaneous menarche occurred in 21/31 females at a mean age of 14.6 years. In these 21 women, 62% had spaniomenorrhea and 7/17 older than 30 years had amenorrhea. All age-groups confounded, FSH was above reference range for 65.7% of the patients, anti-Müllerian hormone and inhibin B were undetectable, and the ovaries were small with few or no follicles detected. Among the 5 females who sought to conceive, 4 had pregnancies. Among the 47 males, 1 had cryptorchidism, all have normal testicular function and none had a desire to conceive children. Thus, spontaneous puberty and POI are both common in this population. Spontaneous menarche seems to be the best predictive factor for successful spontaneous pregnancy.

Open access
Karim Gariani Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Karim Gariani in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
and
François R Jornayvaz Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

Search for other papers by François R Jornayvaz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the industrialized world. NAFLD encompasses a whole spectrum ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis. The latter can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma. Furthermore, NASH is the most rapidly increasing indication for liver transplantation in western countries and therefore represents a global health issue. The pathophysiology of NASH is complex and includes multiple parallel hits. NASH is notably characterized by steatosis as well as evidence of hepatocyte injury and inflammation, with or without fibrosis. NASH is frequently associated with type 2 diabetes and conditions associated with insulin resistance. Moreover, NASH may also be found in many other endocrine diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothyroidism, male hypogonadism, growth hormone deficiency or glucocorticoid excess, for example. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiology of NASH associated with different endocrinopathies.

Open access
Nese Cinar Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

Search for other papers by Nese Cinar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
and
Alper Gurlek Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey

Search for other papers by Alper Gurlek in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Adipose tissue secretes a variety of active biological substances, called adipocytokines, that act in an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine manner. They have roles in appetite control, thermogenesis, and thyroid and reproductive functions. All these molecules may lead to local and generalized inflammation, mediating obesity-associated vascular disorders including hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and insulin resistance. Thyroid dysfunction is associated with changes in body weight, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. The connections between cardiovascular risk factors such as dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, and thyroid dysfunction have been reported in several studies. The adipocytokines serve as causative or protective factors in the development of these disorders in the states of thyroid dysfunction. Abnormal levels of adipocytokines (adiponectin (ADP), leptin, resistin, vaspin, and visfatin) in hypo- and hyperthyroidism have been reported with controversial results. This review aims to update the implication of novel adipokines ADP, vaspin, and visfatin in thyroid dysfunction.

Open access
Ruixin Hu School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Ruixin Hu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yanting Yuan School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Yanting Yuan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chaolong Liu School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Chaolong Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ji Zhou School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Ji Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Lixia Ji School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Lixia Ji in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Guohui Jiang School of pharmacy, Qing Dao University, Qingdao, China

Search for other papers by Guohui Jiang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the intestinal flora is out of balance and accompanied by leaky gut. The flora is characterized by an increase in mucus-degrading bacteria and a decrease in fiber-degrading bacteria. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as the major fiber-degrading bacteria fermentation, not only ameliorate the leaky gut, but also activate GPR43 to increase the mass of functional pancreatic β-cells and exert anti-inflammation effect. At present, the gut microbiota is considered as the potential target for anti-diabetes drugs, and how to reverse the imbalance of gut microbiota has become a therapeutic strategy for T2DM. This review briefly summarizes the drugs or compounds that have direct or potential therapeutic effects on T2DM by modulating the gut microbiota, including biguanides, isoquinoline alkaloids, stilbene and C7N-aminocyclic alcohols.

Open access
Wenqi Yang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Wenqi Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ling Liu Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Ling Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yuan Wei Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Yuan Wei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chunlu Fang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Chunlu Fang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Fu Zhou Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Fu Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jinbao Chen Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Jinbao Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Qinghua Han Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Qinghua Han in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Meifang Huang Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Meifang Huang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xuan Tan Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Xuan Tan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Qiuyue Liu Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Qiuyue Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Qiang Pan Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Qiang Pan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Lu Zhang Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Lu Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xiaojuan Lei Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Xiaojuan Lei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Liangming Li Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

Search for other papers by Liangming Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

The protective effects of exercise against glucose dysmetabolism have been generally reported. However, the mechanism by which exercise improves glucose homeostasis remains poorly understood. The FGF21–adiponectin axis participates in the regulation of glucose metabolism. Elevated levels of FGF21 and decreased levels of adiponectin in obesity indicate FGF21–adiponectin axis dysfunction. Hence, we investigated whether exercise could improve the FGF21–adiponectin axis impairment and ameliorate disturbed glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese mice.

Methods

Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to three groups: low-fat diet control group, high-fat diet group and high-fat diet plus exercise group. Glucose metabolic parameters, the ability of FGF21 to induce adiponectin, FGF21 receptors and co-receptor levels and adipose tissue inflammation were evaluated after 12 weeks of intervention.

Results

Exercise training led to reduced levels of fasting blood glucose and insulin, improved glucose tolerance and better insulin sensitivity in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Although serum FGF21 levels were not significantly changed, both total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin concentrations were markedly enhanced by exercise. Importantly, exercise protected against high-fat diet-induced impaired ability of FGF21 to stimulate adiponectin secretion. FGF21 co-receptor, β-klotho, as well as receptors, FGFR1 and FGFR2, were upregulated by exercise. We also found that exercise inhibited adipose tissue inflammation, which may contribute to the improvement in the FGF21–adiponectin axis impairment.

Conclusions

Our data indicate exercise protects against high-fat diet-induced FGF21–adiponectin axis impairment, and may thereby exert beneficial effects on glucose metabolism.

Open access
Clara Odilia Sailer Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Clara Odilia Sailer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sophia Julia Wiedemann Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Sophia Julia Wiedemann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Konrad Strauss Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

Search for other papers by Konrad Strauss in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ingeborg Schnyder Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Ingeborg Schnyder in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Wiebke Kristin Fenske Leipzig University Medical Center, Integrated Center for Research and Treatment Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany
Medical Department III, Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

Search for other papers by Wiebke Kristin Fenske in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Mirjam Christ-Crain in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Osmotic stimulus or stress results in vasopressin release. Animal and human in vitro studies have shown that inflammatory parameters, such as interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), increase in parallel in the central nervous system and bronchial, corneal or intestinal epithelial cell lines in response to osmotic stimulus. Whether osmotic stimulus directly causes a systemic inflammatory response in humans is unknown. We therefore investigated the influence of osmotic stimulus on circulatory markers of systemic inflammation in healthy volunteers. In this prospective cohort study, 44 healthy volunteers underwent a standardized test protocol with an osmotic stimulus leading into the hyperosmotic/hypernatremic range (serum sodium ≥150 mmol/L) by hypertonic saline infusion. Copeptin – a marker indicating vasopressin activity – serum sodium and osmolality, plasma IL-8 and TNF-α were measured at baseline and directly after osmotic stimulus. Median (range) serum sodium increased from 141 mmol/L (136, 147) to 151 mmol/L (145, 154) (P < 0.01), serum osmolality increased from 295 mmol/L (281, 306) to 315 mmol/L (304, 325) (P < 0.01). Median (range) copeptin increased from 4.3 pg/L (1.1, 21.4) to 28.8 pg/L (19.9, 43.4) (P < 0.01). Median (range) IL-8 levels showed a trend to decrease from 0.79 pg/mL (0.37, 1.6) to 0.7 pg/mL (0.4, 1.9) (P < 0.09) and TNF-α levels decreased from 0.53 pg/mL (0.11, 1.1) to 0.45 pg/mL (0.12, 0.97) (P < 0.036). Contrary to data obtained in vitro, circulating proinflammatory cytokines tend to or decrease in human plasma after osmotic stimulus. In this study, osmotic stimulus does not increase circulating markers of systemic inflammation.

Open access
Simon Schimmack European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Simon Schimmack in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yongchao Yang European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

Search for other papers by Yongchao Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Klaus Felix European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Klaus Felix in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Markus Herbst European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Markus Herbst in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yixiong Li Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

Search for other papers by Yixiong Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Miriam Schenk European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Miriam Schenk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Frank Bergmann Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Frank Bergmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Thilo Hackert European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Thilo Hackert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Oliver Strobel European Pancreas Center, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany

Search for other papers by Oliver Strobel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

Elevated pre-operative C-reactive protein (CRP) serum values have been reported to be associated with poor overall survival for patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (pNEN). The aim of this study was to identify mechanisms linking CRP to poor prognosis in pNEN.

Methods

The malignant properties of pNENs were investigated using the human pNEN cell-lines BON1 and QGP1 exposed to CRP or IL-6. Analyses were performed by ELISA, Western blot, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry as well as invasion and proliferation assays. To compare cytokine profiles and CRP levels, 76 serum samples of pNEN patients were analyzed using Luminex technology. In parallel, the expression of CRP and growth signaling pathway proteins was assessed on cell lines and paraffin-embedded primary pNEN.

Results

In BON1 and QGP1 cells, inflammation (exposure to IL-6) significantly upregulated CRP expression and secretion as well as migratory properties. CRP stimulation of BON1 cells increased IL-6 secretion and invasion. This was accompanied by activation/phosphorylation of the ERK, AKT and/or STAT3 pathways. Although known CRP receptors – CD16, CD32 and CD64 – were not detected on BON1 cells, CRP uptake of pNEN cells was shown after CRP exposure. In patients, increased pre-operative CRP levels (≥5 mg/L) were associated with significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 and G-CSF, as well as with an increased CRP expression and ERK/AKT/STAT3 phosphorylation in pNEN tissue.

Conclusion

The malignant properties of pNEN cells can be stimulated by CRP and IL-6 promoting ERK/AKT/STAT pathways activation as well as invasion, thus linking systemic inflammation and poor prognosis.

Open access
Zeming Liu Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Zeming Liu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Di Hu Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Di Hu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yihui Huang Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Yihui Huang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sichao Chen Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Sichao Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Wen Zeng Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Wen Zeng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ling Zhou Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Ling Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Wei Zhou Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Wei Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Min Wang Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Min Wang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Haifeng Feng Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Haifeng Feng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Wei Wei Department of Pediatrics, St John Hospital and Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA

Search for other papers by Wei Wei in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chao Zhang Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Chao Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Danyang Chen Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Danyang Chen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Liang Guo Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

Search for other papers by Liang Guo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objectives

Controversies regarding factors associated with distant metastasis in pediatric thyroid cancer remain among the scientific community. The aim of this study was to investigate factors influencing distant metastasis in pediatric thyroid cancer.

Methods

We reviewed 1376 patients (aged 2 to 18 years) with thyroid cancer treated between 2003 and 2014. Data collected and analyzed included sex, race, age at diagnosis, year of diagnosis, pathological type, number of tumor foci, tumor extension, T-stage, N-stage, surgical procedure and radiation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to evaluate factors influencing distant metastasis of pediatric thyroid cancer.

Results

In the univariate analysis, factors influencing distant metastasis of thyroid cancer were age at diagnosis (P < 0.001), N-stage (P < 0.001), number of tumor foci (P = 0.003), tumor extension (P < 0.001) and T-stage (T1 vs T2 (P = 0.803), T3 (P < 0.001) and T4 (P < 0.001)). In multivariate analysis, factors influencing distant metastasis of thyroid cancer were age at diagnosis (P = 0.001), N-stage (P < 0.001) and T-stage (T1 vs T3 (P = 0.036) and T4 (P < 0.001)). Sex, race, year of diagnosis, pathological type, number of tumor foci, tumor extension, surgical procedure and radiation had no significant influence on distant metastasis (all P > 0.05). Furthermore, according to chi-squared test, younger pediatric thyroid cancer patients with higher T- and N-stages are more likely to have distant metastasis.

Conclusion

Age at diagnosis, T-stage and N-stage influence distant metastasis of thyroid cancer patients aged 2 to 18 years; accordingly, more radical treatments may need to be used for patients with those risk elements.

Open access
Anne M Drewes University of Aarhus, Aarhus C, Denmark

Search for other papers by Anne M Drewes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maria E Møller The Danish Cancer Society, Denmark (Kræftens Bekæmpelse), København Ø, Denmark

Search for other papers by Maria E Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rasmus Hertzum-Larsen The Danish Cancer Society, Denmark (Kræftens Bekæmpelse), København Ø, Denmark

Search for other papers by Rasmus Hertzum-Larsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Gerda Engholm The Danish Cancer Society, Denmark (Kræftens Bekæmpelse), København Ø, Denmark

Search for other papers by Gerda Engholm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Hans H Storm The Danish Cancer Society, Denmark (Kræftens Bekæmpelse), København Ø, Denmark

Search for other papers by Hans H Storm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Introduction

Cancer registry data in the USA indicated that women diagnosed with breast cancer before the age of 40 were at increased risk of a new primary tumour within the brain and women aged 50 years or above were at lower risk than expected. Our aim was to investigate if similar results could be found in Danish population-based data, considering an explanatory role of hormonal status.

Methods

Our study cohort included all women diagnosed with breast cancer below the age of 60 between 1978 and 2013 in Denmark. A total of 47,920 women were followed up in the Danish Cancer Registry for primary brain cancer. Standardized incidence ratios (observed/expected cases (O/E)) were used to estimate the risk of getting a primary brain tumour in the breast cancer cohort.

Results

Data indicated an increased tendency of brain cancer following breast cancer at ages below 60 years (O/E = 1.24). For premenopausal women (age <49 at the diagnosis of breast cancer) the O/E was 1.25. Stratifying by time of breast cancer diagnosis, we observed an increased risk of being diagnosed with a brain tumour among women aged 49 years or younger at breast cancer diagnosis between 2004 and 2013.

Conclusion

The results indicate an increased tendency of developing a primary brain tumour in women with previous breast cancer history. Whereas the finding in premenopausal women is in line with the SEER data, the finding among postmenopausal is not. Primary brain tumours in breast cancer patients call for research in genetics and hormones to establish common risk factors.

Open access