Search Results

You are looking at 11 - 20 of 571 items for

  • Abstract: Aging x
  • Abstract: Autoimmune x
  • Abstract: Inflammation x
Clear All Modify Search
Fahim Ebrahimi Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Fahim Ebrahimi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sandrine A Urwyler Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Sandrine A Urwyler in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Philipp Schuetz Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Philipp Schuetz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Beat Mueller Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Department of Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Beat Mueller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Luca Bernasconi Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Luca Bernasconi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Peter Neyer Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Peter Neyer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Marc Y Donath Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Marc Y Donath in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Mirjam Christ-Crain Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel Hospital, Basel, Switzerland

Search for other papers by Mirjam Christ-Crain in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Background

Anti-inflammatory treatment with interleukin-1 (IL-1) antagonism decreases both cortisol and adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) levels in individuals with obesity in short term. However, it remains unknown whether these effects persist upon prolonged treatment.

Methods

In this double-blind, parallel-group trial involving patients with features of the metabolic syndrome, 33 patients were randomly assigned to receive 100 mg of anakinra (recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist) subcutaneously twice-daily and 34 patients to receive placebo for 4 weeks. For this analysis, change in cortisol and ACTH levels from baseline to 4 weeks were predefined end points of the trial.

Results

The mean age was 54 years, baseline cortisol levels were 314 nmol/L (IQR 241–385) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were 3.4 mg/L (IQR 1.7–4.8). Treatment with anakinra led to a significant decrease in cortisol levels at day 1 when compared to placebo with an adjusted between-group difference of 28 nmol/L (95% CI, −7 to −43; P = 0.03). After 4 weeks, the cortisol-lowering effect of anakinra was attenuated and overall was statistically not significant (P = 0.72). Injection-site reactions occurred in 21 patients receiving anakinra and were associated with higher CRP and cortisol levels.

Conclusions

IL-1 antagonism decreases cortisol levels in male patients with obesity and chronic low-grade inflammation on the short term. After prolonged treatment, this effect is attenuated, probably due to injection-site reactions (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02672592).

Open access
Angela Köninger
Search for other papers by Angela Köninger in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Philippos Edimiris
Search for other papers by Philippos Edimiris in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Laura Koch
Search for other papers by Laura Koch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antje Enekwe
Search for other papers by Antje Enekwe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Claudia Lamina Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany

Search for other papers by Claudia Lamina in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
Search for other papers by Sabine Kasimir-Bauer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rainer Kimmig
Search for other papers by Rainer Kimmig in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Hans Dieplinger Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, University of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, Germany

Search for other papers by Hans Dieplinger in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Oxidative stress seems to be present in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between characteristics of PCOS and serum concentrations of afamin, a novel binding protein for the antioxidant vitamin E. A total of 85 patients with PCOS and 76 control subjects were investigated in a pilot cross-sectional study design between 2009 and 2013 in the University Hospital of Essen, Germany. Patients with PCOS were diagnosed according to the Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Afamin and diagnostic parameters of PCOS were determined at early follicular phase. Afamin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with PCOS than in controls (odds ratio (OR) for a 10 mg/ml increase in afamin=1.3, 95% CI=1.08–1.58). This difference vanished in a model adjusting for age, BMI, free testosterone index (FTI), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (OR=1.05, 95% CI=0.80–1.38). In patients with PCOS, afamin correlated significantly with homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose, BMI, FTI, and SHBG (P<0.001), but in a multivariate linear model, only HOMA-IR remained significantly associated with afamin (P=0.001). No correlation was observed between afamin and androgens, LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, antral follicle count, ovarian volume, or anti-Müllerian hormone. In conclusion, elevated afamin values may indicate a state of oxidative stress and inflammation, strongly associated with IR and offering an indicator of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with PCOS irrespective of obesity.

Open access
Mengxue Yang Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Department of Endocrinology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Mengxue Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bowen Sun Department of Endocrinology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Bowen Sun in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jianhui Li Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

Search for other papers by Jianhui Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bo Yang Department of Endocrinology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Bo Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jie Xu School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Jie Xu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xue Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Xue Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jie Yu School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Jie Yu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Xuan Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China

Search for other papers by Xuan Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Qun Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

Search for other papers by Qun Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Shan Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

Search for other papers by Shan Zhou in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Xiaohua Sun Department of Endocrinology, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

Search for other papers by Xiaohua Sun in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objectives

The pathogenesis of Graves’ disease (GD) remains unclear. In terms of environmental factors, GD development may be associated with chronic inflammation caused by alteration of the intestinal flora. This study explored the association of intestinal flora alteration with the development of GD among the Han population in southwest China.

Design and methods

Fifteen GD patients at the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College between March 2016 and March 2017 were randomly enrolled. Additionally, 15 sex- and age-matched healthy volunteers were selected as the control group during the same period. Fresh stool samples were collected, and bacterial 16S RNA was extracted and amplified for gene sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform. The sequencing results were subjected to operational taxonomic unit-based classification, classification verification, alpha diversity analysis, taxonomic composition analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA).

Results

The diversity indices for the GD group were lower than those for the control group. The GD group showed significantly higher abundances of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria and Actinobacillus and a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio than the control group. PLS-DA suggested the satisfactory classification of the flora between the GD group and the control group. The abundances of the genera Oribacterium, Mogibacterium, Lactobacillus, Aggregatibacter and Mogibacterium were significantly higher in the GD group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions

The intestinal flora of GD patients was significantly different from that of the healthy population. Thus, alteration of intestinal flora may be associated with the development of GD.

Open access
Ermina Bach Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Ermina Bach in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Niels Møller Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jens Otto L Jørgensen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Jens Otto L Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mads Buhl The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Mads Buhl in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Holger Jon Møller Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Holger Jon Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Aims/hypothesis

The macrophage-specific glycoprotein sCD163 has emerged as a biomarker of low-grade inflammation in the metabolic syndrome and related disorders. High sCD163 levels are seen in acute sepsis as a result of direct lipopolysaccharide-mediated shedding of the protein from macrophage surfaces including Kupffer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate if low-grade endotoxinemia in human subjects results in increasing levels of sCD163 in a cortisol-dependent manner.

Methods

We studied eight male hypopituitary patients and eight age- and gender-matched healthy controls during intravenous low-dose LPS or placebo infusion administered continuously over 360 min. Furthermore, we studied eight healthy volunteers with bilateral femoral vein and artery catheters during a 360-min infusion with saline and low-dose LPS in each leg respectively.

Results:

Systemic low-grade endotoxinemia resulted in a gradual increase in sCD163 from 1.65 ± 0.51 mg/L (placebo) to 1.92 ± 0.46 mg/L (LPS) at 220 min, P = 0.005 and from 1.66 ± 0.42 mg/L (placebo) to 2.19 ± 0.56 mg/L (LPS) at 340 min, P = 0.006. A very similar response was observed in hypopituitary patients: from 1.59 ± 0.53 mg/L (placebo) to 1.83 ± 0.45 mg/L (LPS) at 220 min, P = 0.021 and from 1.52 ± 0.53 mg/L (placebo) to 2.03 ± 0.44 mg/L (LPS) at 340 min, P < 0.001. As opposed to systemic treatment, continuous femoral artery infusion did not result in increased sCD163.

Conclusion:

Systemic low-grade endotoxinemia resulted in increased sCD163 to levels seen in the metabolic syndrome in both controls and hypopituitary patients. This suggests a direct and cortisol-independent effect of LPS on the shedding of sCD163. We observed no effect of local endotoxinemia on levels of serum sCD163.

Open access
Amar Osmancevic School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Amar Osmancevic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kristin Ottarsdottir School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Kristin Ottarsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Margareta Hellgren School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Margareta Hellgren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ulf Lindblad School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Ulf Lindblad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Bledar Daka School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Bledar Daka in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Context

Obesity seems to decrease levels of testosterone. It is still unknown what role inflammation plays in the secretion of testosterone in men.

Objective

The objective is to study the association between levels of C-reactive protein and testosterone and its role in predicting biochemical hypogonadism in men.

Design

This was a longitudinal observational study between 2002 and 2014 in Sweden.

Patients or other participants

At the first visit, a random population sample of 1400 men was included, and 645 men fulfilled a similar protocol at a 10-year follow-up visit. After exclusion, 625 men remained to be included in the final analyses.

Main outcome measure(s)

Serum concentrations of testosterone and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at both visits. Bioavailable testosterone was calculated. Biochemical hypogonadism was defined as total testosterone levels <8 nmol/L.

Results

At the first visit and in the longitudinal analyses, a strong association was found between high levels of CRP and low levels of calculated bioavailable testosterone even after adjustments for age, waist–hip ratio, hypertension, smoking, type 2 diabetes, and leisuretime physical activity (B = −0.31, 95% CI −0.49 to −0.13, P = 0.001, B = −0.26, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.11, P = 0.001). Similarly, increase with one s. d. in CRP was associated with increased risk of having hypogonadism after adjustment in the final model (odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% CI 1.12–2.78, P = 0.015, OR 1.80, 95% CI 1.16–2.78, P =0.008).

Conclusions

In this representative cohort of men in southwestern Sweden, high levels of CRP were longitudinally associated with low concentrations of calculated bioavailable testosterone and increased risk of biochemical hypogonadism.

Open access
Jiaxin Zhang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Jiaxin Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jinlan Jiang Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Jinlan Jiang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yao Qin School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Yao Qin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yihui Zhang Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Yihui Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Yungang Wu Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Yungang Wu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Huadong Xu School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

Search for other papers by Huadong Xu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Purpose

This study aims to investigate the associations of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) with bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis in adult females from a nationally representative sample.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was performed among 4092 females aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2010. Linear and logistic regressions were applied to explore the relationships of SII with BMD and the risk of osteoporosis, respectively.

Results

Linear regression analyses found that a doubling of SII levels was significantly correlated with a 1.39% (95% CI: 0.57%, 2.20%) decrease in total femur BMD, a 1.16% (95% CI: 0.31%, 2.00%) decrease in femur neck BMD, a 1.73% (95% CI: 0.78%, 2.66%) decrease in trochanter BMD, and a 1.35% (95% CI: 0.50%, 2.20%) decrease in intertrochanteric BMD among postmenopausal women, after adjusting for covariates. Logistic regression analyses showed that compared with postmenopausal women in the lowest SII quartile, those in the highest quartile had higher risks of osteoporosis in the total femur (odds ratio (OR) = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.76), trochanter (OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.07, 3.38), intertrochanter (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.05, 4.04) as well as overall osteoporosis (OR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.37). In contrast, there was no significant association between SII and BMD in premenopausal women.

Conclusions

SII levels were negatively associated with BMD levels in postmenopausal women but not in premenopausal women. Elevated SII levels could be a potential risk factor for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

Open access
Clara Lundetoft Clausen Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

Search for other papers by Clara Lundetoft Clausen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Niels Erik Skakkebæk Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Erik Skakkebæk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hanne Frederiksen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Hanne Frederiksen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Camilla Koch Ryrsø Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Camilla Koch Ryrsø in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Arnold Matovu Dungu Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

Search for other papers by Arnold Matovu Dungu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maria Hein Hegelund Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

Search for other papers by Maria Hein Hegelund in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rikke Krogh-Madsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Rikke Krogh-Madsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Birgitte Lindegaard Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Birgitte Lindegaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Allan Linneberg Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Allan Linneberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Line Lund Kårhus Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Line Lund Kårhus in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Thomas Benfield Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Thomas Benfield in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Aim

To explore pituitary–gonadal hormone concentrations and assess their association with inflammation, severe respiratory failure, and mortality in hospitalized men and women with COVID-19, and compare these to hormone concentrations in hospitalized patients with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and influenza virus CAP and to concentrations in a reference group of healthy individuals.

Methods

Serum concentrations of testosterone, estrone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were measured within 4 days of admission. Associations were assessed by logistic regression analysis in patients with COVID-19, and results were reported as odds ratio with 95% CI per two-fold reduction after adjustment for age, comorbidities, days to sample collection, and IL-6 concentrations.

Results

In total, 278 patients with COVID-19, 21 with influenza virus CAP, and 76 with bacterial CAP were included. Testosterone concentrations were suppressed in men hospitalized with COVID-19, bacterial and influenza virus CAP, and moderately suppressed in women. Reductions in testosterone (OR: 3.43 (1.14–10.30), P = 0.028) and LH (OR: 2.51 (1.28–4.92), P = 0.008) were associated with higher odds of mehanical ventilation (MV) in men with COVID-19. In women with COVID-19, reductions in LH (OR: 3.34 (1.02–10-90), P = 0.046) and FSH (OR: 2.52 (1.01–6.27), P = 0.047) were associated with higher odds of MV.

Conclusion

Low testosterone and LH concentrations were predictive of severe respiratory failure in men with COVID-19, whereas low concentrations of LH and FSH were predictive of severe respiratory failure in women with COVID-19.

Open access
Justyna Modrzynska Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Justyna Modrzynska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Christine F Klein Department of Cardiology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

Search for other papers by Christine F Klein in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kasper Iversen Department of Clinical Medicine, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

Search for other papers by Kasper Iversen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Henning Bundgaard Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Henning Bundgaard in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bolette Hartmann Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Bolette Hartmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maike Mose Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Maike Mose in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nikolaj Rittig Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Nikolaj Rittig in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Niels Møller Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

Search for other papers by Niels Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jens J Holst Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Jens J Holst in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Nicolai J Wewer Albrechtsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

Glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) originate from the common precursor, proglucagon, and their plasma concentrations have been reported to be increased during inflammatory conditions. Increased blood glucose levels are frequently observed in septic patients, and therefore we hypothesized that glucagon, but not GLP-1, is increased in individuals with inflammation.

Design

Prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Materials and methods

We measured glucagon and GLP-1 in plasma sampled consecutively in three cohorts consisting of patients with infective endocarditis (n = 16), urosepsis (n = 28) and post-operative inflammation following percutaneous aortic valve implantation or thoracic endovascular aortic repair (n = 5). Correlations between C-reactive protein (CRP), a marker of systemic inflammation, and glucagon and GLP-1 concentrations were investigated. Additionally, glucagon and GLP-1 concentrations were measured after a bolus infusion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 1 ng/kg) in nine healthy young males.

Results

Glucagon and CRP were positively and significantly correlated (r = 0.27; P = 0.0003), whereas no significant association between GLP-1 and CRP was found (r = 0.08, P = 0.30). LPS infusion resulted in acute systemic inflammation reflected by increased temperature, pulse, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and concomitantly increased concentrations of glucagon (P < 0.05) but not GLP-1.

Conclusions

Systemic inflammation caused by bacterial infections or developed as a non-infected condition is associated with increased plasma concentration of glucagon, but not GLP-1. Hyperglucagonemia may contribute to the impaired glucose control in patients with systemic inflammatory diseases.

Open access
Lia Ferreira Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Search for other papers by Lia Ferreira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
João Silva Department of Endocrinology, Hospital das Forças Armadas, Lisboa, Portugal

Search for other papers by João Silva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Susana Garrido Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, Porto, Portugal

Search for other papers by Susana Garrido in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Carlos Bello Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal

Search for other papers by Carlos Bello in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Diana Oliveira Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Search for other papers by Diana Oliveira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Hélder Simões Department of Endocrinology, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa Francisco Gentil, Lisboa, Portugal

Search for other papers by Hélder Simões in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Isabel Paiva Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal

Search for other papers by Isabel Paiva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Joana Guimarães Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga, Aveiro, Portugal

Search for other papers by Joana Guimarães in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Marta Ferreira Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal

Search for other papers by Marta Ferreira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Teresa Pereira Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar de Leiria, Leiria, Portugal

Search for other papers by Teresa Pereira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Rita Bettencourt-Silva Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar de São João, Porto, Portugal

Search for other papers by Rita Bettencourt-Silva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Ana Filipa Martins Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisboa, Portugal

Search for other papers by Ana Filipa Martins in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Tiago Silva Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Garcia da Orta, Lisboa, Portugal

Search for other papers by Tiago Silva in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Vera Fernandes Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal

Search for other papers by Vera Fernandes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Maria Lopes Pereira Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de Braga, Braga, Portugal

Search for other papers by Maria Lopes Pereira in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Adrenal Tumors Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology Department of Endocrinology, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal

Search for other papers by Adrenal Tumors Study Group of the Portuguese Society of Endocrinology in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Introduction

Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening condition. No previous studies have characterized Portuguese patients with PAI.

Aims

To characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment and follow‐up of Portuguese patients with confirmed PAI.

Methods

This multicentre retrospective study examined PAI patients in 12 Portuguese hospitals.

Results

We investigated 278 patients with PAI (55.8% were females), with a mean age of 33.6 ± 19.3 years at diagnosis. The most frequent presenting clinical features were asthenia (60.1%), mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation (55.0%) and weight loss (43.2%); 29.1% of the patients presented with adrenal crisis. Diagnosis was established by high plasma ACTH and low serum cortisol in most patients (43.9%). The most common aetiology of PAI was autoimmune adrenalitis (61.0%). There were 38 idiopathic cases. Autoimmune comorbidities were found in 70% of the patients, the most frequent being autoimmune thyroiditis (60.7%) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (17.3%). Seventy-nine percent were treated with hydrocortisone (mean dose 26.3 ± 8.3 mg/day) mostly in three (57.5%) or two (37.4%) daily doses. The remaining patients were treated with prednisolone (10.1%), dexamethasone (6.2%) and methylprednisolone (0.7%); 66.2% were also on fludrocortisone (median dose of 100 µg/day). Since diagnosis, 33.5% of patients were hospitalized for disease decompensation. In the last appointment, 17.2% of patients had complaints (7.6% asthenia and 6.5% depression) and 9.7% had electrolyte disturbances.

Conclusion

This is the first multicentre Portuguese study regarding PAI. The results emphasize the need for standardization in diagnostic tests and etiological investigation and provide a framework for improving treatment.

Open access
Elinor Chelsom Vogt Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Elinor Chelsom Vogt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Gómez Real Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Francisco Gómez Real in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eystein Sverre Husebye Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Eystein Sverre Husebye in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Sigridur Björnsdottir Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

Search for other papers by Sigridur Björnsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Bryndis Benediktsdottir Medical Faculty, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital Reykjavík, Reykjavik, Iceland

Search for other papers by Bryndis Benediktsdottir in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Randi Jacobsen Bertelsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Pascal Demoly University Hospital of Montpellier, IDESP, Univ Montpellier-Inserm, Montpellier, France

Search for other papers by Pascal Demoly in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Karl Anders Franklin Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Karl Anders Franklin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui Unit of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Health, Basque Government, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

Search for other papers by Leire Sainz de Aja Gallastegui in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Francisco Javier Callejas González Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Francisco Javier Callejas González in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Joachim Heinrich Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

Search for other papers by Joachim Heinrich in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Mathias Holm Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

Search for other papers by Mathias Holm in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Nils Oscar Jogi Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Nils Oscar Jogi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Benedicte Leynaert Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U1018, Center for Epidemiology and Population Health, Integrative Respiratory Epidemiology Team, Villejuif, France

Search for other papers by Benedicte Leynaert in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Eva Lindberg Department of Medical Sciences, Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Eva Lindberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Andrei Malinovschi Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden

Search for other papers by Andrei Malinovschi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Jesús Martínez-Moratalla Pneumology Service of the General University Hospital of Albacete, Albacete, Spain
Albacete Faculty of Medicine, Castilla-La Mancha University, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Jesús Martínez-Moratalla in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Raúl Godoy Mayoral Department of Respiratory Medicine, Albacete University Hospital, Albacete, Spain

Search for other papers by Raúl Godoy Mayoral in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Anna Oudin Section of Sustainable Health, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

Search for other papers by Anna Oudin in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Antonio Pereira-Vega Juan Ramón Jiménez University Hospital in Huelva, Huelva, Spain

Search for other papers by Antonio Pereira-Vega in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Chantal Raherison Semjen INSERM, EpiCene Team U1219, University of Bordeaux, Talence, France

Search for other papers by Chantal Raherison Semjen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Vivi Schlünssen Department of Public Health, Environment, Work and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
The National Research Center for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark

Search for other papers by Vivi Schlünssen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
,
Kai Triebner Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Kai Triebner in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
, and
Marianne Øksnes Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
K.G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

Search for other papers by Marianne Øksnes in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close

Objective

To investigate markers of premature menopause (<40 years) and specifically the prevalence of autoimmune primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) in European women.

Design

Postmenopausal women were categorized according to age at menopause and self-reported reason for menopause in a cross-sectional analysis of 6870 women.

Methods

Variables associated with the timing of menopause and hormone measurements of 17β-estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone were explored using multivariable logistic regression analysis. Specific immunoprecipitating assays of steroidogenic autoantibodies against 21-hydroxylase (21-OH), side-chain cleavage enzyme (anti-SCC) and 17alpha-hydroxylase (17 OH), as well as NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 5 were used to identify women with likely autoimmune POI.

Results

Premature menopause was identified in 2.8% of women, and these women had higher frequencies of nulliparity (37.4% vs 19.7%), obesity (28.7% vs 21.4%), osteoporosis (17.1% vs 11.6%), hormone replacement therapy (59.1% vs 36.9%) and never smokers (60.1% vs 50.9%) (P < 0.05), compared to women with menopause ≥40 years. Iatrogenic causes were found in 91 (47%) and non-ovarian causes in 27 (14%) women, while 77 (39%) women were classified as POI of unknown cause, resulting in a 1.1% prevalence of idiopathic POI. After adjustments nulliparity was the only variable significantly associated with POI (odds ratio 2.46; 95% CI 1.63–3.42). Based on the presence of autoantibodies against 21 OH and SCC, 4.5% of POI cases were of likely autoimmune origin.

Conclusion

Idiopathic POI affects 1.1% of all women and almost half of the women with premature menopause. Autoimmunity explains 4.5% of these cases judged by positive steroidogenic autoantibodies.

Open access