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incomplete pubertal development by the age of 17 years in females and 18 years in males; (ii) serum testosterone levels of <1.0 ng/mL in males or serum estradiol levels of <20 pg/mL in females with low or normal levels of gonadotropin; (iii) normalcy in other
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KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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transitions. According to the manufacturer, all calibrators and QCs are traceable to certified reference materials, or, if not available for certain steroid, to primary standards. For cortisol, progesterone and testosterone NIST 971 reference material is used
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Introduction Testosterone (T) promotes maturation of the male reproductive organs, development of secondary sex characteristics and production of sperm by the testes. In puberty in boys, pulsatile gonadotropin stimulation upon reactivation of
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as previously described ( 26 , 27 ). In addition, circulating concentrations of LH, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), testosterone, androstenedione (A4), 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), AMH and lipid profile
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height and weight (BMI), pubertal stage, testis volume and the levels of electrolytes, 17-OHP, ACTH, androstenedione and testosterone. Plasma renin activity was measured in patients with the SW form of the disease. After onset of puberty, measurement of
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) while being negatively associated with endosteal circumference. On the other hand, testosterone promotes the increase of bone area (both at trabecular and at cortical sites) and periosteal expansion ( 38 ). Bone expansion happens through longitudinal
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Introduction Finasteride is an inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase (5α-R) type 1 and 2 enzymes, encoded by the SRD5A1 and SRD5A2 gene, respectively, with higher affinity for 5α-R type 2 in the human ( 1 , 2 ). This enzyme converts testosterone
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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criteria ( 3 ). All patients were subjected to an identical investigation protocol that included hormonal assessment (TSH, free T 4 and free T 3 , prolactin, total testosterone, androstenedione, DHEAS, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, cortisol after 1 mg overnight
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Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Nutrition, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, PO Box 2168, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway
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Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Nutrition, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, PO Box 2168, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway
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Morbid Obesity Centre, Department of Nutrition, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Familial Hypercholesterolemia, Department of Gynecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, Vestfold Hospital Trust, PO Box 2168, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway
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). Prolactin, sexual hormone binding globuline (SHBG), estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine (free T 4 ) were analysed with quantitative
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, testosterone, androstenedione and/or sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) plasma levels. Exclusion criteria were: (a) articles describing MI treatments in combination with other drugs/supplements, (b) duplicate publications, and duplicates on different database