Rohit Barnabas
Rohit Barnabas
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Rohit Barnabas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rohit Barnabas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Swati Jadhav
Swati Jadhav
Department of Endocrinology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, India
Search for other papers by Swati Jadhav in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Swati Jadhav in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anurag Ranjan Lila
Anurag Ranjan Lila
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Anurag Ranjan Lila in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anurag Ranjan Lila in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sirisha Kusuma Boddu
Sirisha Kusuma Boddu
Consultant Pediatric Endocrinology & Diabetes, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Hyderabad, India
Search for other papers by Sirisha Kusuma Boddu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sirisha Kusuma Boddu in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Saba Samad Memon
Saba Samad Memon
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Saba Samad Memon in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Saba Samad Memon in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sneha Arya
Sneha Arya
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Sneha Arya in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sneha Arya in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Samiksha Chandrashekhar Hegishte
Samiksha Chandrashekhar Hegishte
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Samiksha Chandrashekhar Hegishte in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Samiksha Chandrashekhar Hegishte in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Manjiri Karlekar
Manjiri Karlekar
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Manjiri Karlekar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Manjiri Karlekar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Virendra A Patil
Virendra A Patil
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Virendra A Patil in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Virendra A Patil in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Vijaya Sarathi
Vijaya Sarathi
Department of Endocrinology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bengaluru, India
Search for other papers by Vijaya Sarathi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vijaya Sarathi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nalini S Shah
Nalini S Shah
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Nalini S Shah in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nalini S Shah in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Tushar Bandgar
Tushar Bandgar
Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
Search for other papers by Tushar Bandgar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tushar Bandgar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
age at presentation, patients with 46,XY were categorized as in minipubertal age (0 to ≤ 0.5 years), pre-pubertal age (> 0.5 to ≤ 9 years), pubertal age (> 9 years to ≤ 14 years) and post-pubertal age (> 14 years). A hCG-stimulated testosterone of <1
Rachel K Rowe
Rachel K Rowe
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Rachel K Rowe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Rachel K Rowe in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Benjamin M Rumney
Benjamin M Rumney
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
Search for other papers by Benjamin M Rumney in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
Search for other papers by Benjamin M Rumney in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hazel G May
Hazel G May
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
Search for other papers by Hazel G May in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK
Search for other papers by Hazel G May in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paska Permana
Paska Permana
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Paska Permana in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paska Permana in
Google Scholar
PubMed
P David Adelson
P David Adelson
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by P David Adelson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by P David Adelson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
S Mitchell Harman
S Mitchell Harman
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by S Mitchell Harman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by S Mitchell Harman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Jonathan Lifshitz
Jonathan Lifshitz
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Jonathan Lifshitz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Jonathan Lifshitz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Theresa C Thomas
Theresa C Thomas
Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Theresa C Thomas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Search for other papers by Theresa C Thomas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
histological) were made at chronic time points postinjury to determine whether ongoing reparative processes could contribute to late-onset deficits. We hypothesized that diffuse TBI would lead to chronic deficiencies in CORT and testosterone, which are
Yanling Cai
Yanling Cai
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
Search for other papers by Yanling Cai in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yanling Cai in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Yan Yang
Yan Yang
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
Search for other papers by Yan Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yan Yang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Xiao Pang
Xiao Pang
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
Search for other papers by Xiao Pang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Xiao Pang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Suping Li
Suping Li
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
Search for other papers by Suping Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Suping Li in
Google Scholar
PubMed
carcinoma, male, testis, sperm, follicle-stimulating hormone, thyroid neoplasm, gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, among others. The search terms were combined with the Boolean operators AND and OR. Inclusion and exclusion criteria for
I Savchuk
I Savchuk
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for other papers by I Savchuk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by I Savchuk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
M L Morvan
M L Morvan
LUNAM Université, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Laboratoire d’Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), USC INRA 1329, Nantes, France
Search for other papers by M L Morvan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by M L Morvan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
J P Antignac
J P Antignac
LUNAM Université, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Laboratoire d’Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), USC INRA 1329, Nantes, France
Search for other papers by J P Antignac in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by J P Antignac in
Google Scholar
PubMed
K Gemzell-Danielsson
K Gemzell-Danielsson
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for other papers by K Gemzell-Danielsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by K Gemzell-Danielsson in
Google Scholar
PubMed
B Le Bizec
B Le Bizec
LUNAM Université, École Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l’Alimentation, Nantes-Atlantique (Oniris), Laboratoire d’Étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), USC INRA 1329, Nantes, France
Search for other papers by B Le Bizec in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by B Le Bizec in
Google Scholar
PubMed
O Söder
O Söder
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for other papers by O Söder in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by O Söder in
Google Scholar
PubMed
K Svechnikov
K Svechnikov
Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska Institute & University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Search for other papers by K Svechnikov in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by K Svechnikov in
Google Scholar
PubMed
been reported that the HFA has the potential to produce testosterone from androstenedione by action of 17βHSD5 ( 5 ), similar to that observed in the adult adrenals, where this enzyme has been found to be expressed in zona reticularis ( 6 ). It is also
Mojca Jensterle
Mojca Jensterle
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Mojca Jensterle in
Google Scholar
PubMed
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Mojca Jensterle in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nika Aleksandra Kravos
Nika Aleksandra Kravos
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Nika Aleksandra Kravos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Nika Aleksandra Kravos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Simona Ferjan
Simona Ferjan
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Simona Ferjan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Simona Ferjan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Katja Goricar
Katja Goricar
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Katja Goricar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Katja Goricar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Vita Dolzan
Vita Dolzan
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Vita Dolzan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vita Dolzan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Andrej Janez
Andrej Janez
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, University Medical Centre, Ljubljana, Slovenia
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Andrej Janez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Search for other papers by Andrej Janez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
pressure, menstrual frequency, fasting glucose, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS), free and total testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) were identified at baseline and at every follow-up visit at 1
Alexander Tacey
Alexander Tacey
Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Alexander Tacey in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Alexander Tacey in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Lewan Parker
Lewan Parker
Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Lewan Parker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Lewan Parker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Bu B Yeap
Bu B Yeap
Medical School, University of Western Australia, and Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for other papers by Bu B Yeap in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bu B Yeap in
Google Scholar
PubMed
John Joseph
John Joseph
PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for other papers by John Joseph in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by John Joseph in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ee M Lim
Ee M Lim
PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
Search for other papers by Ee M Lim in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ee M Lim in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Andrew Garnham
Andrew Garnham
Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Andrew Garnham in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Andrew Garnham in
Google Scholar
PubMed
David L Hare
David L Hare
University of Melbourne and the Department of Cardiology, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by David L Hare in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by David L Hare in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Tara Brennan-Speranza
Tara Brennan-Speranza
Department of Physiology and Bosch Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by Tara Brennan-Speranza in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tara Brennan-Speranza in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Itamar Levinger
Itamar Levinger
Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Itamar Levinger in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medicine-Western Health, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Itamar Levinger in
Google Scholar
PubMed
reduction in circulating testosterone concentrations attributed to the inhibition of the hypothalamic–pituitary–testicular (HPT) axis ( 14 ). Exercise is not thought to interfere with the diurnal rhythm of testosterone production ( 15 ), and there may be a
Rossella Cannarella
Rossella Cannarella
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for other papers by Rossella Cannarella in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rossella Cannarella in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Andrea Crafa
Andrea Crafa
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for other papers by Andrea Crafa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Andrea Crafa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sandro La Vignera
Sandro La Vignera
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for other papers by Sandro La Vignera in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sandro La Vignera in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Rosita A Condorelli
Rosita A Condorelli
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for other papers by Rosita A Condorelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rosita A Condorelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Aldo E Calogero
Aldo E Calogero
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
Search for other papers by Aldo E Calogero in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Aldo E Calogero in
Google Scholar
PubMed
: puberty onset and progression, testicular volume, gonadotropin, and total testosterone serum levels, sperm parameters and fertility, micropenis. Methods Sources Data used to perform this systematic review were independently extracted by A C and
Sebastian Franik
Sebastian Franik
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Sebastian Franik in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sebastian Franik in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kathrin Fleischer
Kathrin Fleischer
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Kathrin Fleischer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kathrin Fleischer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Barbara Kortmann
Barbara Kortmann
Department of Pediatric Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Barbara Kortmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Barbara Kortmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nike M Stikkelbroeck
Nike M Stikkelbroeck
Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Nike M Stikkelbroeck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nike M Stikkelbroeck in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Kathleen D’Hauwers
Kathleen D’Hauwers
Department of Urology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Kathleen D’Hauwers in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kathleen D’Hauwers in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Claire Bouvattier
Claire Bouvattier
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris Sud University, Paris, France
Search for other papers by Claire Bouvattier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Claire Bouvattier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer
Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer
Department of Andrology and Reproductive Endocrinology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
Search for other papers by Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Solange Grunenwald
Solange Grunenwald
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disease, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Search for other papers by Solange Grunenwald in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Solange Grunenwald in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Tim van de Grift
Tim van de Grift
Departments of Plastic Surgery and Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC Location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Tim van de Grift in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tim van de Grift in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Audrey Cartault
Audrey Cartault
Department of Pediatrics, Hospital des Enfants, Toulouse, France
Search for other papers by Audrey Cartault in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Audrey Cartault in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Annette Richter-Unruh
Annette Richter-Unruh
Kinderendokrinologie und Diabetologie, Universitätsklinikum Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Kinderklinik, Bochum, Germany
Search for other papers by Annette Richter-Unruh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Annette Richter-Unruh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nicole Reisch
Nicole Reisch
Medizinische Klinik and Poliklinik IV, Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital Munich, Munich, Germany
Search for other papers by Nicole Reisch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicole Reisch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ute Thyen
Ute Thyen
Klinik fur Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitat zu Lubeck, Lubeck, Germany
Search for other papers by Ute Thyen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ute Thyen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Joanna IntHout
Joanna IntHout
Department for Health Evidence, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Joanna IntHout in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Joanna IntHout in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten
Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Hedi L Claahsen-van der Grinten in
Google Scholar
PubMed
the dsd-LIFE Group
the dsd-LIFE Group
the dsd-LIFE Group
Search for other papers by the dsd-LIFE Group in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by the dsd-LIFE Group in
Google Scholar
PubMed
azoospermia is found in about 90% of adult men with KS ( 2 ). Other frequent clinical symptoms include gynecomastia, a low sexual drive, small testes and hypogonadism due to impaired testosterone production ( 3 , 4 ). KS is also associated with
Rafaella Sales de Freitas
Rafaella Sales de Freitas
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Rafaella Sales de Freitas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rafaella Sales de Freitas in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Thiago F A França
Thiago F A França
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Thiago F A França in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Thiago F A França in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sabine Pompeia
Sabine Pompeia
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Search for other papers by Sabine Pompeia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sabine Pompeia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
). Apart from gonadal changes that result from this activation, which include the increased production of hormones such as testosterone and oestrogens, changes in genitalia in both sexes, breast growth in girls and facial hair growth, and voice changes in
Srdjan Pandurevic
Srdjan Pandurevic
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Srdjan Pandurevic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Srdjan Pandurevic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ilaria Mancini
Ilaria Mancini
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Ilaria Mancini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Ilaria Mancini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Dimitri Mitselman
Dimitri Mitselman
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Dimitri Mitselman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Dimitri Mitselman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Matteo Magagnoli
Matteo Magagnoli
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Matteo Magagnoli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Matteo Magagnoli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Rita Teglia
Rita Teglia
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Rita Teglia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Rita Teglia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Roberta Fazzeri
Roberta Fazzeri
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Roberta Fazzeri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Roberta Fazzeri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paola Dionese
Paola Dionese
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Paola Dionese in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Paola Dionese in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Carolina Cecchetti
Carolina Cecchetti
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Carolina Cecchetti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Carolina Cecchetti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Massimiliamo Caprio
Massimiliamo Caprio
Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Massimiliamo Caprio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, IRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Massimiliamo Caprio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Costanzo Moretti
Costanzo Moretti
Department of Systems Medicine, Unit of Endocrinology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Costanzo Moretti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Costanzo Moretti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Justyna Sicinska
Justyna Sicinska
Dermatology Clinic of CSK MSWiA Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
Search for other papers by Justyna Sicinska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Justyna Sicinska in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Alessandro Agostini
Alessandro Agostini
Department of Experimental, Diagnostic, and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Alessandro Agostini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alessandro Agostini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Domenica Gazineo
Domenica Gazineo
Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Domenica Gazineo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Domenica Gazineo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Lea Godino
Lea Godino
Teaching Hospital, S. Orsola Hospital, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Lea Godino in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Lea Godino in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ignacio Sajoux
Ignacio Sajoux
Epigenomics in Endocrinology and Nutrition Group, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria (IDIS), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (CHUS/SERGAS), Spain
Medical Department Pronokal Group, Barcelona, Spain
Search for other papers by Ignacio Sajoux in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Medical Department Pronokal Group, Barcelona, Spain
Search for other papers by Ignacio Sajoux in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Flaminia Fanelli
Flaminia Fanelli
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Flaminia Fanelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Flaminia Fanelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Cristina M Meriggiola
Cristina M Meriggiola
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Cristina M Meriggiola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Cristina M Meriggiola in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Uberto Pagotto
Uberto Pagotto
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Uberto Pagotto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Uberto Pagotto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Alessandra Gambineri
Alessandra Gambineri
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes Prevention and Care, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Alessandra Gambineri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Alessandra Gambineri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
-binding globulin (SHBG) were immediately processed at a laboratory in Bologna (Laboratorio Unico Metropolitano). Additionally, serum was obtained by a 5 mL blood sample and stored at −20°C for later measurement of androgens (testosterone, androstenedione, DHEA, 17
