Search for other papers by Sandra R Dahl in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Division of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
Search for other papers by Ingrid Nermoen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Ingeborg Brønstad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
K.G. Jebsen-Center for Autoimmune Diseases, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Eystein S Husebye in
Google Scholar
PubMed
K.G. Jebsen-Center for Autoimmune Diseases, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Kristian Løvås in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Per M Thorsby in
Google Scholar
PubMed
(CAH due to steroid 21-hydroxylase deficiency) consistently timed hormone measurements relative to medication schedule and time of day is recommended ( 1 ). Drug fasting morning values of androstenedione and testosterone should be in the normal range
Search for other papers by Henrik H Thomsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Holger J Møller in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Christian Trolle in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Kristian A Groth in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anne Skakkebæk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anders Bojesen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Christian Høst in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Medical Research Laboratories, Departments of Clinical Biochemistry, Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Genetics, Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Search for other papers by Claus H Gravholt in
Google Scholar
PubMed
by the low levels of sex hormones (12, 13) , 17β-estradiol (E 2 ) and testosterone, that are known to modulate the inflammatory state of macrophages (21, 22) . An experiment of testosterone and E 2 cultured Hofbauer cells (fetal macrophages) found
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Jakob Albrethsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vassos Neocleous in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Federico Baronio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Martine Cools in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Niels Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Peter Christiansen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
Search for other papers by Meropi Toumba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Pavlos Fanis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
testosterone, inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH). Elevated concentrations of adrenal androgens may result in testosterone concentrations within the reference range despite low LH and FSH concentrations in CAH patients. Thus, additional markers of Leydig
Search for other papers by Liza Haqq in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by James McFarlane in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Gudrun Dieberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Neil Smart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
resistance and hyperinsulinaemia, but these two features are also present in lean women with PCOS (5, 6) . Hormonal manifestations include elevated levels of androgens (testosterone, DHEA and androstenedione), oestrogens and prolactin. Occasionally, thyroid
Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Paal Methlie in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Steinar Hustad in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ralf Kellman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bjørg Almås in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Martina M Erichsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Eystein S Husebye in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Clinical Science, Department of Medicine, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway
Search for other papers by Kristian Løvås in
Google Scholar
PubMed
, 11-deoxycortisol (11DOC), testosterone, androstenedione, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) and progesterone were obtained from Steraloids, Inc. (Newport, RI, USA), and DXM was obtained from Alfa Aesar (Ward Hill, MA, USA). The deuterated internal
Search for other papers by M Boering in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by P R van Dijk in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by S J J Logtenberg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by K H Groenier in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by B H R Wolffenbuttel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by R O B Gans in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by N Kleefstra in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by H J G Bilo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
gonadotropins and sex steroids, concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone, and 17-β-estradiol were also assessed. Subjects, materials and methods Study design This study is a post hoc analysis of a
Search for other papers by Orwa Dandash in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by James Allebone in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Adam Mirabelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nicholas Russell in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mathis Grossmann in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
Search for other papers by Andrea Gogos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Richard A Kanaan in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) using gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists is one of the mainstay therapies for prostate cancer ( 1 ). This therapy reduces circulating testosterone to castrate concentrations
Search for other papers by Herjan J T Coelingh Bennink in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jan Krijgh in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jan F M Egberts in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Maria Slootweg in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Harm H E van Melick in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Erik P M Roos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Diederik M Somford in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yvette Zimmerman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Iman J Schultz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Noel W Clarke in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by R Jeroen A van Moorselaar in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Frans M J Debruyne in
Google Scholar
PubMed
in combination with androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy ( 6 ). The purpose of ADT is to suppress the major driver of PCa tumor growth testosterone as much as possible ( 7 ). The suppression of testosterone causes
Search for other papers by Katarzyna Wyskida in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Grzegorz Franik in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Tomasz Wikarek in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Aleksander Owczarek in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alham Delroba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jerzy Chudek in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jerzy Sikora in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Magdalena Olszanecka-Glinianowicz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
samples were frozen and stored at −70°C. Laboratory procedures Serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E 2 ), total testosterone, free testosterone, androstendione, DHEA-S and SHBG were
Search for other papers by Valentina Guarnotta in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Silvia Lucchese in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Mariagrazia Irene Mineo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Donatella Mangione in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Renato Venezia in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Piero Luigi Almasio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Carla Giordano in
Google Scholar
PubMed
-Pg, basal prolactin, total and free testosterone, DHEA-S and ∆4androstenedione, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), glutamic