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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Sciences, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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avoid an adrenal crisis. There are different ways to examine the adrenal axis pre-surgery, for example, the measurement of random spot plasma cortisol, measurement of cortisol after adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation (Synacthen ® -test) or
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Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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Hormone Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Department of Radiology, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
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, adrenal computed tomography (CT) has sensitivity and specificity at 78% and 72–75% respectively (7, 11) . During AVS, blood samples are drawn from the right and left adrenal veins as well as a peripheral vein. The ratio between cortisol measured in the
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®, Diurnal Ltd, UK). Plenadren is a tablet with an immediate-release outer layer and a sustained-release core, which provides once-daily hydrocortisone replacement but does not replace the physiological overnight rise in cortisol, as cortisol only rises after
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Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
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for CS including late-night salivary cortisol (LNSC), overnight dexamethasone suppression test (ODST), low-dose dexamethasone suppression test (LDDST) and 24-h urinary free cortisol (UFC) ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). A hallmark of CS is the disruption of the
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). As well as causing dyslipidemia via increased visceral adiposity ( 20 , 23 ), cortisol also affects lipid processing pathways in the liver ( 48 ). These include enhanced lipolysis, altered free fatty acid processing, and hepatic fat accumulation ( 48
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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, pheochromocytoma, aldosteronism, or overt cortisol excess due to hyperfunction may be observed in patients with adrenal incidentaloma. It has been shown that cortical adenoma is the most frequent tumour type among adrenal incidentalomas ( 5 ), whereas adrenal
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Introduction CD163 is a cortisol-regulated monocyte and macrophage-specific surface glycoprotein and the extracellular portion of CD163 circulates in blood as a soluble protein (sCD163) ( 1 ). sCD163 is highly elevated in acute infections
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Department and Graduate Institute of Forensic Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
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studies (computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)). Adrenalectomy has consequently been established as the treatment of choice for unilateral disease. Recently, there has been a growing focus on a special group with cortisol co
University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
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associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared to patients with essential hypertension (EHT) ( 2 ). On the other hand, autonomous cortisol secretion (ACS) is a well-known condition linked to a detrimental cardiometabolic profile
Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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). Signs and symptoms of AI are often non-specific (fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, nausea, vomiting), and a clinical suspicion needs to be confirmed by biochemical testing. Baseline morning unstimulated serum cortisol (F) levels are measured in