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Muriel Houang Laboratoire des Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Thao Nguyen-Khoa Centre Régional de Dépistage Néonatal-Ile de France, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, Paris, France

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Thibaut Eguether Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Bettina Ribault Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Séverine Brabant Laboratoire d’Explorations Fonctionnelles, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, Paris, France

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Michel Polak Centre Régional de Dépistage Néonatal-Ile de France, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP Centre Université de Paris, Paris, France
Université de Paris, INSERM, Institut IMAGINE, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, AP-HP, Paris, France

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Irène Netchine Laboratoire des Explorations Fonctionnelles Endocriniennes, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Hôpital Armand Trousseau, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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Antonin Lamazière Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
Département de Métabolomique Clinique, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France

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critical for boys and girls whose signs of virilization at birth are mild, or that may be missed. The conversion of 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) to 11-deoxycortisol and of progesterone to 11-deoxycorticosterone, which are precursors of cortisol and

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0101
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Rachel Forfar Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Mashal Hussain Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Puneet Khurana Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Jennifer Cook Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Steve Lewis Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Dillon Popat Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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David Jackson Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Ed McIver Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Jeff Jerman Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Debra Taylor Centre for Therapeutics Discovery, LifeArc, Accelerator Building, Open Innovation Campus, Stevenage, UK

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Adrian JL Clark Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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Li F Chan Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK

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vasopressin. ACTH then acts on the adrenal glands to produce glucocorticoids and cortisol in humans. Cortisol negatively feeds back at the level of the pituitary gland and hypothalamus to inhibit further production and release ACTH. The melanocortins act

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Adrenal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0338
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Benedetta Zampetti Department of Endocrinology, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy

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Erika Grossrubatscher Department of Endocrinology, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy

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Paolo Dalino Ciaramella Department of Endocrinology, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy

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Edoardo Boccardi Department of Neuroradiology, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy

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Paola Loli Department of Endocrinology, Ospedale Niguarda, Milano, Italy

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, 9 , 10 , 11 ). In the authors’ experience, 4 out of 11 patients with EAS showed cortisol suppression after high-dose dexamethasone and 3 out of 12 showed ACTH and/or cortisol response to CRH stimulation according to current response criteria. The

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0029
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 4
Open access
Reem Al Argan Endocrine Section, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Khobar, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia

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Abdulaziz Ramadhan Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Ramanakumar V Agnihotram Statistician, Research Institute-McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Jeffrey Chankowsky Department of Diagnostic Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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Juan Rivera Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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or surgical treatment. Secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) was defined as basal 07:00–09:00 h cortisol (AM cortisol) below 100 nmol/L, or 1-µ cosyntropin stimulated cortisol below 400 nmol/L or peak cortisol during insulin-induced hypoglycemia test

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0386
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 11
Open access
Sriharsha Gunna Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Mahaveer Singh Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Rakesh Pandey Department of Pathology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Rungmei S K Marak Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Amita Aggarwal Department of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Bibhuti Mohanta Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Liping Yu Barbara Davis Centre for Diabetes, School of Medicine University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA

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Eesh Bhatia Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India

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Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) or Addison’s disease is an uncommon disorder resulting from deficiency of cortisol and aldosterone due to the destruction of adrenal cortices ( 1 , 2 ). Early diagnosis and prompt institution of treatment is

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Adrenal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0439
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 3
Open access
Marcus Quinkler Endocrinology in Charlottenburg, Berlin, Germany

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Bertil Ekman Departments of Endocrinology and Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

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Claudio Marelli Shire International GmbH, Zug, Switzerland

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Sharif Uddin Shire, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA

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Pierre Zelissen Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands

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Robert D Murray Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds, UK

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on behalf of the EU-AIR Investigators
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development of corticosteroid side effects between patients ( 7 ). Interestingly, when the endogenous glucocorticoid, cortisol (hydrocortisone), is compared with prednisolone at the isolated human glucocorticoid receptor (GR), the transactivation activity of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0081
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 1
Open access
Esben Thyssen Vestergaard Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Morten B Krag Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Morten M Poulsen Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Steen B Pedersen Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Niels Moller Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Jens Otto Lunde Jorgensen Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Niels Jessen Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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recorded no concomitant increase in serum concentrations of GH or cortisol. Ghrelin-induced hyperglycemia: 5.9±0.2 mmol/l (ghrelin) vs 5.4±0.1 mmol/l (saline), P =0.009, in the basal period and insulin resistance during the clamp period, where ghrelin

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0019
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Open access
Henghai Huang Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Wuzhou GongRen Hospital, Wuzhou, China

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Qijian Ding Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University, Nanning China

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Xiaocao Lin Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Wuzhou GongRen Hospital, Wuzhou, China

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Delin Li Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Wuzhou GongRen Hospital, Wuzhou, China

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Jingjing Zeng Department of Pathology, The First Affliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University, Nanning, China

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Weijin Fu Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of GuangXi Medical University, Nanning China

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histories were analysed. All patients were assessed for adrenal function, including (i) serum potassium; (ii) plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol (08:00, 16:00 and 12:00 h); (iii) 24-h urinary free cortisol; (iv) plasma renin and aldosterone

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0062
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 5
Open access
Nidan Qiao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Haixia Cheng Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Zhaoyun Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Hongying Ye Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Ming Shen Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Xuefei Shou Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoyun Cao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Hong Chen Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China

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Xiang Zhou Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Yongfei Wang Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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Yao Zhao Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China

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evaluation in our center before and after surgery. Patients with a morning cortisol level <3 mg/dL were deemed to have central adrenal insufficiency, and a morning cortisol level >15 mg/dL were regarded as normal. Patients whose morning cortisol levels were

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0188
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 6
Open access
Maria Stelmachowska-Banaś Department of Endocrinology, The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Polska, Poland

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Izabella Czajka-Oraniec Department of Endocrinology, The Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Polska, Poland

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, preferably at every infusion for at least 6 months and less frequently thereafter, is generally recommended ( 45 ). Initial tests should include fasting glucose, electrolytes, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and free T4 (fT4), and early morning cortisol

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0342
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 10
Open access