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Department of Breast Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Department of Surgery, Second People's Hospital of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Objective
Thyroid cancer (THCA) is the most common endocrine cancer in the world. Although most patients with THCA have a good prognosis, the prognosis of those with THCA who have an extra-glandular invasion, vascular invasion, and distant metastasis is poor. Therefore, it is very important to find potential biomarkers that can effectively predict the prognosis and progression of highly aggressive THCAs. It has been identified that forkhead box P4 (FOXP4) may be a new biomarker for the proliferation and prognosis for tumor diagnosis. However, the expression and function of FOXP4 in THCA remain to be determined.
Methods
In the present study, the function of FOXP4 in cells was investigated through the comprehensive analysis of data in The Cancer Genome Atlas and combined with experiments including immunohistochemistry (IHC), colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, wound scratch healing, and transwell invasion assay.
Results
In the present study, relevant bioinformatic data showed that FOXP4 was highly expressed in THCA, which was consistent with the results of the IHC and cell experiments. Meanwhile, 10 FOXP4-related hub genes were identified as potential diagnostic genes for THCA. It was found in further experiments that FOXP4 was located in the nucleus of THCA cells, and the expression of FOXP4 in the nucleus was higher than that in the cytoplasm. FOXP4 knockdown inhibited in vitro proliferation of the THCA cells, whereas overexpression promoted the proliferation and migration of THCA cells. Furthermore, deficiency of FOXP4 induced cell-cycle arrest.
Conclusion
FOXP4 might be a potential target for diagnosing and treating THCA.
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Objective
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an inflammatory disease, and research suggests that a low-carbohydrate diet may have potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study aims to utilize Dixon-T2-weighted imaging (WI) sequence for a semi-quantitative assessment of the impact of a low-carbohydrate diet on the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
Methods
Forty patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis were recruited for this study and randomly divided into two groups: one with a normal diet and the other with a low-carbohydrate diet. Antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin (TgAb) were measured for all participants. Additionally, thyroid water content was semi-quantitatively measured using Dixon-T2WI. The same tests and measurements were repeated for all participants after 6 months.
Results
After 6 months of a low-carbohydrate diet, patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis showed a significant reduction in thyroid water content (94.84 ± 1.57% vs 93.07 ± 2.05%, P < 0.05). Concurrently, a decrease was observed in levels of TPOAb and TgAb (TPOAb: 211.30 (92.63–614.62) vs 89.45 (15.9–215.67); TgAb: 17.05 (1.47–81.64) vs 4.1 (0.51–19.42), P < 0.05). In contrast, there were no significant differences in thyroid water content or TPOAb and TgAb levels for patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis following a normal diet after 6 months (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
Dixon-T2WI can quantitatively assess the degree of thyroid inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Following a low-carbohydrate diet intervention, there is a significant reduction in thyroid water content and a decrease in levels of TPOAb and TgAb. These results suggest that a low-carbohydrate diet may help alleviate inflammation in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
