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hypothyroidism have a high risk for insulin resistance-associated disorders, such as metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease ( 1 , 2 ). Moreover, independent of other variables, a significant positive association exists between TSH levels and insulin
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Introduction Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA) is due to the overproduction of growth hormone (GH) by pituitary adenomas, which stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and the long
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastrin), gastric emptying (acetaminophen) and glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and C-peptide) was collected at the same time points, while blood samples for thyroid status (TSH, free
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‘second-line’ treatment, such as oral gliptins, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, glinides, GLP-1RAs, and basal insulin. Patients on GLP-1RAs would have assumed the medication at least 6 months before diagnosing a thyroid event (carcinoma) for considering
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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thyrotropin receptor, other autoantigens and antibodies are involved in the development of TED, among which, the insulin-like growth factor I receptor (IGF-I) receptor plays a central role ( 21 , 22 ). Future studies are needed to test the possible
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1R, and ESR2 (ERβ). (64) AR, androgen receptor; ESR2, estrogen receptor 2; GH, growth hormone; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor 1; IGF1R, insulin-like growth factor type one receptor; PSA, prostate-specific antigen
School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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); this change may contribute to account for the high prevalence of MetS in the elderly. Previous studies have shown that higher FT3/FT4 and FT3 and lower FT4 were positively associated with increased risk of insulin resistance (IR) ( 30 , 36 , 37 ), and
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human HEP G2 cells . Journal of Cellular Physiology 2012 227 2388 – 2397 . ( https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.22974 ) 59 Han C Wang J Li L Zhang Z Wang L Pan Z . The role of insulin and glucose in goose primary hepatocyte triglyceride
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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cells ( 16 ). Lately, it has been suggested that cross-talk between TSHR activated by TRAbs and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), which is overexpressed in the orbital connective tissue, plays a great role in the pathogenesis of this process
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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TSHR induces cross-talk with insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) ( 10 ), which results in elevated levels of hyaluronic acid, leading to the disruption of the extraocular muscles ( 11 ). T cells bind to CD40 on orbital fibroblasts and induce