Lili Liu
Lili Liu
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zhuo Shao
Zhuo Shao
Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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Ying Xia
Ying Xia
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jiabi Qin
Jiabi Qin
Department of Epidemiology & Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yang Xiao
Yang Xiao
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zhiguang Zhou
Zhiguang Zhou
Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Central South University, Ministry of Education, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Zubing Mei
Zubing Mei
Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Introduction Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), which is caused by the selective destruction of the insulin-producing β cells located in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, is one of the most common and debilitating autoimmune diseases ( 1
Alessandro Ciresi
Alessandro Ciresi
Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Stefano Radellini
Stefano Radellini
Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Valentina Guarnotta
Valentina Guarnotta
Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Maria Grazia Mineo
Maria Grazia Mineo
Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Carla Giordano
Carla Giordano
Section of Endocrinology, Biomedical Department of Internal and Specialist Medicine (DIBIMIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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one of the most influential regulators of growth hormone (GH) secretion and action, with different mechanisms ( 2 ). Androgens and estrogens exert opposite endocrine-mediated effects on insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I production and metabolic
Yuanyuan Li
Yuanyuan Li
Department of Endocrinology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Dongmei Li
Dongmei Li
Department of Endocrinology, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
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Xingbo Cheng
Xingbo Cheng
Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Introduction The burgeoning epidemic of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) threatens maternal and infant health. GDM is characterized by glucose intolerance, which causes poorly controlled diabetes during pregnancy. Insulin resistance is an
Stavroula A Paschou
Stavroula A Paschou
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Nektaria Papadopoulou-Marketou
Nektaria Papadopoulou-Marketou
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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George P Chrousos
George P Chrousos
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
Christina Kanaka-Gantenbein
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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information on the pathogenesis of T1DM. We will present genetic, environmental and immunologic factors ( Table 1 ) that eventually destroy β cells of the endocrine pancreas and lead to insulin deficiency. Table 1 Contributing factors in type 1 diabetes
Pernille H Hellmann
Pernille H Hellmann
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Jonatan I Bagger
Jonatan I Bagger
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Katrine R Carlander
Katrine R Carlander
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Katrine B Hansen
Katrine B Hansen
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Julie L Forman
Julie L Forman
Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Joachim Størling
Joachim Størling
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Elizaveta Chabanova
Elizaveta Chabanova
Department of Radiology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Jens Holst
Jens Holst
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tina Vilsbøll
Tina Vilsbøll
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Filip K Knop
Filip K Knop
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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that expression of 2% of our genome is regulated by glucocorticoids ( 5 ). Prednisolone is known to induce insulin resistance, increased hepatic glucose production, hyperglycaemia and secondary diabetes. Even lean, healthy individuals can experience
Molly L Tanenbaum
Molly L Tanenbaum
Division of Endocrinology, Gerontology, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Persis V Commissariat
Persis V Commissariat
Section on Clinical, Behavioral, and Outcomes Research, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Introduction Diabetes devices are rapidly advancing in their features and functionalities, offering a range of benefits for individuals with type 1 diabetes who opt to use this technology. Current diabetes technology includes insulin pumps
Julia Otten
Julia Otten
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Andreas Stomby
Andreas Stomby
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
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Region Jönköping County, Jönköping, Sweden
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Maria Waling
Maria Waling
Department of Food, Nutrition and Culinary Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Elin Chorell
Elin Chorell
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Mats Ryberg
Mats Ryberg
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Michael Svensson
Michael Svensson
Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Section for Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå Sweden
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Jens Juul Holst
Jens Juul Holst
NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research and Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tommy Olsson
Tommy Olsson
Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Introduction Blood glucose levels are tightly regulated by insulin and glucagon. In type 2 diabetes, the ability of insulin to suppress endogenous glucose production is impaired, and increased fasting and postprandial glucagon levels stimulate
Nikolaos Kyriakakis
Nikolaos Kyriakakis
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Marilena Giannoudi
Marilena Giannoudi
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Satish S Kumar
Satish S Kumar
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Khyatisha Seejore
Khyatisha Seejore
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Georgios K Dimitriadis
Georgios K Dimitriadis
Department of Endocrinology, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
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Harpal Randeva
Harpal Randeva
Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Adam Glaser
Adam Glaser
Pediatric Oncology, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, UK
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Michelle Kwok-Williams
Michelle Kwok-Williams
Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Georgina Gerrard
Georgina Gerrard
Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Carmel Loughrey
Carmel Loughrey
Clinical Oncology, Leeds Cancer Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Ahmed Al-Qaissi
Ahmed Al-Qaissi
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Ramzi Ajjan
Ramzi Ajjan
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Julie Lynch
Julie Lynch
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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Robert D Murray
Robert D Murray
Department of Endocrinology, Leeds Centre for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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Leeds Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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8-h overnight fast was taken for measurement of serum lipid profile (total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides) and glucose metabolism (serum insulin and glucose). Insulin sensitivity was calculated using the homeostatic
Mohammed S Albreiki
Mohammed S Albreiki
Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Centre for Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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Benita Middleton
Benita Middleton
Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Centre for Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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Shelagh M Hampton
Shelagh M Hampton
Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Centre for Chronobiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK
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). Melatonin is considered the classical phase marker for assessing the timing of the mammalian biological clock. The SCN drives the daily rhythms in hormone concentrations such as insulin, glucagon, corticosterone ( 4 , 5 , 6 ) and enzymes involved in lipid
Agnieszka Adamska
Agnieszka Adamska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Aleksandra Maria Polak
Aleksandra Maria Polak
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Anna Krentowska
Anna Krentowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Agnieszka Łebkowska
Agnieszka Łebkowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Justyna Hryniewicka
Justyna Hryniewicka
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Monika Leśniewska
Monika Leśniewska
Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Irina Kowalska
Irina Kowalska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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dysfunction and characteristic image of the ovaries in the ultrasound ( 2 ). A lot of data indicated that insulin resistance is a key factor in the development of metabolic disturbances in PCOS, for example, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular
