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Helle Keinicke Insulin and Device Trial Operations, Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark

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Gao Sun Pharmacology and Histopathology, Novo Nordisk A/S, China

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Caroline M Junker Mentzel Department of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Merete Fredholm Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Linu Mary John Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark

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Birgitte Andersen Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark

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Kirsten Raun Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark

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Marina Kjaergaard Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark

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), while an increase in insulin sensitivity has been observed ( 17 ). Improved hepatic leptin signaling and leptin sensitivity have also been suggested to contribute to the effects by FGF21, as the leptin receptor ( Lepr ) expression was highly induced in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0152
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 8
Open access
Jelena Stankovic Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Kurt Kristensen Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (SDCA), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Niels Birkebæk Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Esben Søndergaard Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus (SDCA), Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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release and thereby disinhibit GH release ( 11 ), but the mechanisms whereby arginine stimulates copeptin and AVP secretion remain unclear. Hypoglycemia also stimulates GH and copeptin secretion, and the insulin tolerance test (ITT) is used in the

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0042
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
Li Li Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

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Qifa Song Department of Microbiology, Ningbo Municipal Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

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Xi Yang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China

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Introduction In the past 40 years, a dramatic increase in the overweight and obese population has been seen globally. The potential adverse effects of obesity include insulin resistance and possible insufficient insulin secretion due to the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0476
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 2
Open access
Xuhua Mao Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

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Hucheng Chen Department of Nuclear Medicine, Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

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Junmin Tang Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People’s Hospital, Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

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Liangliang Wang Department of Neurology, Yixing People’s Hospital Affiliated to Jiangsu University, Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China

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Tingting Shu Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China

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Introduction Type 2 diabetes arises when the endocrine pancreas fails to secrete sufficient insulin to cope with the metabolic demand because of acquired insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction ( 1 ). Inhibition of insulin synthesis plays an

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0115
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 3
Open access
Maria Houborg Petersen Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Jacob Volmer Stidsen Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Martin Eisemann de Almeida Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Emil Kleis Wentorf Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Kurt Jensen Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Niels Ørtenblad Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Kurt Højlund Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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Introduction Type 2 diabetes is typically characterized by insulin resistance and failure of the pancreatic beta cells to compensate for this abnormality ( 1 ). Exercise training is essential in diabetes management ( 2 ), and the beneficial

Article Type:
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Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0558
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
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Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark

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Hanne Mumm Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark

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Jens Juul Holst Department of Biomedical Sciences and NNF Centre for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Marianne Andersen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark

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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by oligo/anovulation, hyperandrogenaemia and polycystic ovaries ( 1 , 2 ). Hyperinsulinaemia as a consequence of insulin resistance is present in most patients with PCOS ( 1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0034
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 4
Open access
Xiangyu Gao Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Wanwan Sun Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yi Wang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yawen Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Rumei Li Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Jinya Huang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Yehong Yang Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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was considered to be the main etiology of T1DM ( 5 , 6 ), whereas T2DM tended to be insulin resistant and islet autoimmunity seemed not to be involved in this progress ( 7 ). Besides, there was a special form of diabetes termed as latent autoimmune

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0379
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 11
Open access
Giorgio Bedogni Liver Research Center, Basovizza, Trieste, Italy

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Andrea Mari Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy

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Alessandra De Col Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Sofia Tamini Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Amalia Gastaldelli Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy

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Alessandro Sartorio Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-Endocrinological Research, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Division of Metabolic Diseases and Auxology, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Introduction The prevalence of childhood type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing worldwide ( 1 ). T2DM is characterized by visceral obesity, insulin resistance and defective β-cell function. In children and adolescents, glucose

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0333
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 10
Open access
Ping Gu Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Yuege Lin Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Qi Wan Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Dongming Su Department of Pathology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Qun Shu Department of Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

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Introduction During pregnancy, the increased energy demand for fetal growth leads to a higher glucose metabolic ratio ( 1 ). As a physiological adaptation, insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells is increased, along with a compensatory

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0043
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 7
Open access
Kim K B Clemmensen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Jonas S Quist Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Dorte Vistisen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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Daniel R Witte Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark

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Anna Jonsson NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Oluf Pedersen NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torben Hansen NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens J Holst NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Torsten Lauritzen Section for General Practice, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Marit E Jørgensen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Signe Torekov NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Kristine Færch Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark

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-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) account for a substantial part of the insulin secreted after ingestion of glucose ( 4 , 5 , 6 ). It has been shown that the incretin effect is impaired in type 2 diabetes and obesity ( 5 , 7 , 8 ). Also, the secretion of both

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0009
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 4
Open access