Sonja Kunz
Sonja Kunz
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Xiao Wang
Xiao Wang
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Uta Ferrari
Uta Ferrari
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Michael Drey
Michael Drey
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Marily Theodoropoulou
Marily Theodoropoulou
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Katharina Schilbach
Katharina Schilbach
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Martin Reincke
Martin Reincke
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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Margit Heier
Margit Heier
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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KORA Study Centre, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Annette Peters
Annette Peters
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Wolfgang Koenig
Wolfgang Koenig
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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German Heart Centre Munich, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Tanja Zeller
Tanja Zeller
Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
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Barbara Thorand
Barbara Thorand
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Martin Bidlingmaier
Martin Bidlingmaier
Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
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age groups. We excluded 63 subjects because of hormone intake and 3 subjects with a BMI >45 kg/m 2 , resulting in a final study population of 290 male and 229 female subjects. Age ranged from 32 to 90 years (median 65 years in females, 59 years in
Jiaxi Li
Jiaxi Li
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Pu Huang
Pu Huang
Department of Health Management Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jing Xiong
Jing Xiong
Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Xinyue Liang
Xinyue Liang
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Mei Li
Mei Li
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hao Ke
Hao Ke
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chunli Chen
Chunli Chen
Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yang Han
Yang Han
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yanhong Huang
Yanhong Huang
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yan Zhou
Yan Zhou
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ziqiang Luo
Ziqiang Luo
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Dandan Feng
Dandan Feng
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chen Chen
Chen Chen
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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diabetes. Serum levels of ghrelin and LEAP2 Table 2 shows serum levels of ghrelin and LEAP2, as well as the ghrelin/LEAP2 ratio of healthy adults and T2D patients in the male and female groups separately. Compared with healthy adults
Xiaonan Guo
Xiaonan Guo
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wenjing Hu
Wenjing Hu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Xiaorui Lyu
Xiaorui Lyu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hanyuan Xu
Hanyuan Xu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Huijuan Zhu
Huijuan Zhu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hui Pan
Hui Pan
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Linjie Wang
Linjie Wang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hongbo Yang
Hongbo Yang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fengying Gong
Fengying Gong
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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( 16 ). The pituitary GH levels were about 10% of normal in males and 6% in females ( 16 ). Notably, their other anterior pituitary hormones, including prolactin, thyrotropin, luteinizing hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone, were within the normal
Mohamed Hssaini
Mohamed Hssaini
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Sana Abourazzak
Sana Abourazzak
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
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Ihsane El Otmani
Ihsane El Otmani
Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University of Settat, Morocco
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Mohamed Ahakoud
Mohamed Ahakoud
Medical Genetics Laboratory, University Hospital Center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
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Amina Ameli
Amina Ameli
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospital Center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
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Laila Bouguenouch
Laila Bouguenouch
Medical Genetics Laboratory, University Hospital Center Hassan II, Fez, Morocco
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Hicham Bekkari
Hicham Bekkari
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Environment, Food, and Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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, perineal hypospadias, bifid scrotum, clitoromegaly, posterior labial fusion, or palpable gonads in a child with a female appearance ( 3 ). Others may go unnoticed during childhood and only become apparent in adolescence, such as patients with primary
Anna Olsson-Brown
Anna Olsson-Brown
Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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Rosemary Lord
Rosemary Lord
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
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Joseph Sacco
Joseph Sacco
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Wirral, UK
Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Jonathan Wagg
Jonathan Wagg
Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
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Mark Coles
Mark Coles
Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Munir Pirmohamed
Munir Pirmohamed
Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Gender Male (M) 4 1 5 0 Female (F) 9 2 7 4 Gender differential of total treatment population ( n = 103) Males 57/103 Females 46/103 Males 57/103 Females 46/103 Males 57/103 Females 46/103 Males 57
Sofya Gronskaia
Sofya Gronskaia
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Galina Melnichenko
Galina Melnichenko
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Liudmila Rozhinskaya
Liudmila Rozhinskaya
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Tatiana Grebennikova
Tatiana Grebennikova
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Elizaveta Mamedova
Elizaveta Mamedova
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Ekaterina Pigarova
Ekaterina Pigarova
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Elena Przhialkovskaya
Elena Przhialkovskaya
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Larisa Dzeranova
Larisa Dzeranova
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Ivan Dedov
Ivan Dedov
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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Valentin Fadeyev
Valentin Fadeyev
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Maria Luisa Brandi
Maria Luisa Brandi
University of Florence, Surgery and Translational Medicine, Piereccaini, Firenze, Italy
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Zhanna Belaya
Zhanna Belaya
Endocrinology Research Centre, Moscow, Russia
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. Statistics were performed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS20.0) for Windows (IBM). Results Two hundred patients were registered: 171 (85.5%) females and 29 (14.5%) males. Patients’ mean age at baseline evaluation was 46
Yunyi Ding
Yunyi Ding
Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Siyao Lv
Siyao Lv
Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Ruijie Xie
Ruijie Xie
Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Wei Ye
Wei Ye
Department of Gastroenterology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Yichen Luo
Yichen Luo
School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Yayu Li
Yayu Li
Department of Nephrology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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mean age was 48.86 ± 17.00 years. The gender distribution was in a generally homogeneous manner, of which 49.47% were males and 50.53% were females. The overall prevalence of DKD in T2D was 20.74% (weighted proportion). The findings suggest that CKD
Jiaxin Zhang
Jiaxin Zhang
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jinlan Jiang
Jinlan Jiang
Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yao Qin
Yao Qin
School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yihui Zhang
Yihui Zhang
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yungang Wu
Yungang Wu
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Huadong Xu
Huadong Xu
School of Public Health, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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measure BMD and define osteoporosis as being ≤2.5 standard deviations ( s.d. ) of the mean BMD in young healthy females ( 1 ). Osteoporosis can cause increased bone fragility and risks of osteoporotic fractures ( 2 ). It was estimated that the annual case
Yunting Lin
Yunting Lin
Department of Surgical Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Endi Song
Endi Song
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Han Jin
Han Jin
Department of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Yong Jin
Yong Jin
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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from 4.0% to 8.0%, the inter-assay CVs ranged from 5.0% to 12.0%, and the sensitivities were 0.07 IU/L for LH, 0.05 IU/L for FSH, 10 pmol/L for E2, 0.1 nmol/L for progesterone, and 0.1 nmol/L for testosterone. Our study did not stratify female subjects
Lisette van Alewijk
Lisette van Alewijk
Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Kirsten Davidse
Kirsten Davidse
Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Karlijn Pellikaan
Karlijn Pellikaan
Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Judith van Eck
Judith van Eck
Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Theo C J Sas
Theo C J Sas
Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Diabeter, National Diabetes Care and Research Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Diabeter, National Diabetes Care and Research Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Sabine Hannema
Sabine Hannema
Department of Paediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Aart J van der Lely
Aart J van der Lely
Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Laura C G de Graaff
Laura C G de Graaff
Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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–26 years), 29 patients were younger than 18 years (51%). Age did not differ significantly between males and females: median age of males was 17.0 years (IQR 17.0–18.0, range 15–26 years) and of females 18.0 years (IQR 17.0–18.5, range 17–20 years). Answers
