Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Introduction Acromegaly results in a clinical syndrome following increased serum concentrations of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). If not adequately treated, GH excess is associated with increased morbidity and
Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital–Research Institute, Lodz, Poland
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out. Though it is widely accepted that PCOS is characterised by insulin resistance ( 4 ), there is no consensus, either regarding the best method of assessment of insulin resistance (IR) in PCOS, nor in terms of the utility of such assessment for
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secretion of many peptides ( 1 ). Skeletal muscle is the main metabolic tissue that uptakes about 85% of glucose in response to insulin stimulation via the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). Therefore, disorders associated with lower sensitivity of skeletal
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Internal Medicine, S. Maria delle Croci Hospital, AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
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Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Obesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Milan, Italy
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Introduction Insulin secretory defects in cystic fibrosis (CF) were initially shown in small-sized studies that employed various sophisticated techniques such as the hyperglycemic clamp ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) and intravenous glucose tolerance test
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observed in different populations ( 8 , 11 , 13 ). Systemic chemerin levels were also found to be associated with markers of fatty liver disease ( 12 ). The main pathophysiological factor of obesity-related metabolic complications is insulin resistance
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Introduction Development of type 2 diabetes has been perceived as a process that involves progressive insulin resistance in muscles, adipose tissue, and liver and a gradual failure of pancreatic beta cells to secrete sufficient amounts of
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Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic, Cambridge, UK
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Introduction Over nine million people worldwide live with type 1 diabetes (T1D) ( 1 ). In this condition, immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta-cells leads to insulin deficiency and resultant hyperglycaemia. The management of T1D
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Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Introduction Among type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients, subcutaneous (SC) insulin administration is associated with low portal insulin concentrations and a consequent hepatic underinsulinization ( 1 ). Hepatic underinsulinization has been
Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Southwest Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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muscle is inversely correlated to age of diabetes debut ( 14 ). It is debated whether the impaired glucose metabolism in m.3243A>G carriers is characterized by insulin resistance, insulin secretion defect or a combination. The nuclear gene encoded
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Medical Research Laboratories, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Norrebrogade 44, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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GHS-R is also located in peripheral tissues indicates that ghrelin also exerts direct peripheral effects (5, 6) . It has recently been reported that exogenous ghrelin causes insulin resistance (7, 8, 9, 10, 11) and induces lipolysis (7, 9, 10, 11