Dorte Glintborg
Dorte Glintborg
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Magda Lambaa Altinok
Magda Lambaa Altinok
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Pernille Ravn
Pernille Ravn
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Kurt Bjerregaard Stage
Kurt Bjerregaard Stage
Department of Psychiatry, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Kurt Højlund
Kurt Højlund
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Marianne Andersen
Marianne Andersen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Introduction Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism ( 1 ). Central obesity is closely associated with insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation ( 2 ) and
Yael Sofer
Yael Sofer
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nava Nevo
Nava Nevo
Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Michal Vechoropoulos
Michal Vechoropoulos
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Gabi Shefer
Gabi Shefer
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Etty Osher
Etty Osher
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nathan Landis
Nathan Landis
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Karen Tordjman
Karen Tordjman
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Geoffrey L Hammond
Geoffrey L Hammond
Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Naftali Stern
Naftali Stern
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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of developing diabetes ( 7 ). High SHBG levels are apparently also associated with lower incidence of insulin resistance in men ( 10 ). Furthermore, cross-sectional studies in non-diabetic men and women have shown an inverse relationship between SHBG
Selina Mäkinen
Selina Mäkinen
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Neeta Datta
Neeta Datta
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Yen H Nguyen
Yen H Nguyen
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Petro Kyrylenko
Petro Kyrylenko
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Markku Laakso
Markku Laakso
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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Heikki A Koistinen
Heikki A Koistinen
Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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secondary ( 4 ) prevention of atherosclerotic events. However, data from several clinical studies have demonstrated that statin treatment increases the risk of type 2 diabetes ( 5 ). Statin use has been implicated with decreases in insulin secretion and
Shane M Regnier
Shane M Regnier
Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Andrew G Kirkley
Andrew G Kirkley
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Daniel Ruiz
Daniel Ruiz
Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Wakanene Kamau
Wakanene Kamau
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Qian Wu
Qian Wu
Wadsworth Center, New York Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
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Kurunthachalam Kannan
Kurunthachalam Kannan
Wadsworth Center, New York Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
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Robert M Sargis
Robert M Sargis
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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have shown that TF augments adipogenesis in vitro ( 18 ) and promotes insulin resistance in rodent and human adipose tissues exposed ex vivo ( 19 ). These effects are postulated to result from activation of adipocytic glucocorticoid receptor (GR
Benjamin G Challis
Benjamin G Challis
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
IMED Biotech Unit, Clinical Discovery Unit, AstraZeneca, UK
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Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
IMED Biotech Unit, Clinical Discovery Unit, AstraZeneca, UK
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Andrew S Powlson
Andrew S Powlson
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Ruth T Casey
Ruth T Casey
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Carla Pearson
Carla Pearson
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Brian Y Lam
Brian Y Lam
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Marcella Ma
Marcella Ma
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Deborah Pitfield
Deborah Pitfield
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Giles S H Yeo
Giles S H Yeo
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Edmund Godfrey
Edmund Godfrey
Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Heok K Cheow
Heok K Cheow
Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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V Krishna Chatterjee
V Krishna Chatterjee
Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Wolfson Diabetes and Endocrine Centre, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Nicholas R Carroll
Nicholas R Carroll
Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Ashley Shaw
Ashley Shaw
Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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John R Buscombe
John R Buscombe
Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Department of Nuclear Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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Helen L Simpson
Helen L Simpson
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, UCLH NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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hypoglycaemic disorder ( 1 ). Rare non-genetic and genetic causes of adult-onset HH have been described, the most common being benign insulinoma. These are insulin-secreting tumours of the pancreatic islets with an annual incidence 1–2 per million population
Bo Zhu
Bo Zhu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run ShawHospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yumei Chen
Yumei Chen
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Fang Xu
Fang Xu
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Xiaolu Shen
Xiaolu Shen
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Xuanyu Chen
Xuanyu Chen
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou Women and Children Health, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jieqiang Lv
Jieqiang Lv
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Songying Zhang
Songying Zhang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assisted Reproduction Unit, Sir Run Run ShawHospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Key Laboratory of Reproductive Dysfunction Management of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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that reflects their physiological function as proinsulin maturation and insulin secretion, and disruption of ER homeostasis in β cells affect their physiological function and result in excessive amount of insulin in circulation, hyperinsulinemia, which
Giovanni Fanni
Giovanni Fanni
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Petros Katsogiannos
Petros Katsogiannos
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Bipasha Nandi Jui
Bipasha Nandi Jui
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Magnus Sundbom
Magnus Sundbom
Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Susanne Hetty
Susanne Hetty
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Maria J Pereira
Maria J Pereira
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Jan W Eriksson
Jan W Eriksson
Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Diabetes and Metabolism, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Introduction Besides inducing significant and durable weight loss, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) improves glycemic control in insulin-resistant patients and can prevent or reverse type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). This
Tingting Shu
Tingting Shu
Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhigang Lv
Zhigang Lv
Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yuchun Xie
Yuchun Xie
Department of Central Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Junming Tang
Junming Tang
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People Hospital, Affiliated Jiangsu University, Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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Xuhua Mao
Xuhua Mao
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Yixing People Hospital, Affiliated Jiangsu University, Yixing, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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existed in insulin-secreting β-cells ( 3 ), and then other studies showed low concentration of glucose could stimulate hepcidin secretion in pancreatic beta cell line ( 4 , 5 ). Subsequently, the correlation between hepcidin and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) has
Xiaoli Liu
Xiaoli Liu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Lanxiang Liu
Lanxiang Liu
Department of Medical Imaging, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Rui Wang
Rui Wang
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Xiaojiao Jia
Xiaojiao Jia
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Binbin Liu
Binbin Liu
Department of Functional Examination, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Ning Ma
Ning Ma
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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Qiang Lu
Qiang Lu
Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, China
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glucose and lipids, increasing insulin sensitivity, and reversing hepatic steatosis. Recent studies have found that increasing the concentration of FGF21 in the blood can delay vascular endothelial aging ( 8 ) and that FGF21 can be used as a cell
Yansu Wang
Yansu Wang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Yun Shen
Yun Shen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Tingting Hu
Tingting Hu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Yufei Wang
Yufei Wang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Xiaojing Ma
Xiaojing Ma
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Haoyong Yu
Haoyong Yu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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Yuqian Bao
Yuqian Bao
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, China
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disease and obesity ( 17 ). In addition, liver-derived clusterin played an important role in regulating insulin-dependent muscle glucose uptake, hence regulating systemic metabolic homeostasis ( 18 ). However, the relationship between serum clusterin
